Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Serta Fraksi Dari Daun Sijukkot (Lactuca indica L.)

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI
EKSTRAK ETANOL SERTA FRAKSI DARI
DAUN SIJUKKOT (Lactuca indicaL.)
ABSTRAK
Sijukkot(Lactuca indica L.) secara tradisional telah digunakan sebagai obat
antiinflamasi, antibakteri, penambah nafsu makan dan menambah
stamina,memperlancar pencernaan, mengobati penyakit gondok (kreatin),
mengobati sakit lambung (maag), menurunkan kolesterol, kadar gula darah dan
risiko serangan kanker. Daun tumbuhan ini digunakan sebagai lalapan.
Serbuk simplisia dilakukan karakterisasi dan skrining fitokimia selanjutnya
dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 80% selama 5 hari kemudian diserkai,
ampas dimaserasi selama 2 hari sehingga diperoleh ekstrak etanol. Ekstrak etanol
difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan etilasetat kemudian dilakukan uji
aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteriEscherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans dan
Vibrio choleraemenggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cakram kertas.
Hasil karakteristik serbuk simplisia daun sijukkot diperoleh kadar air
5,99%, kadar sari larut air 15,68%, kadar sari larut etanol 16,24%, kadar abu total
13,45%dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,59%. Hasil skrining fitokimia serbuk
simplisia diperoleh senyawa flavonoida, glikosida, saponin, tanin,
triterpenoida/steroida. Hasil pengukuran diameter daerah hambat uji aktivitas

antibakteri memperlihatkan bahwa fraksi etilasetatdaun sijukkot memberikan
aktivitas antibakteri yang terkuat dibandingkan ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksana
dan fraksi air dengan konsentrasi hambat minimum 15 mg/ml (Escherichia
coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Streptococcus mutans); 20 mg/ml (Staphylococcus
aureus);25 mg/ml(Vibrio cholerae); 75 mg/ml (Lactobacillus acidophilus).
Kata kunci: sijukkot, fraksi, antibakteri

vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
TEST FROM ETHANOL EXTRACT AND FRACTION FROM
LEAF SIJUKKOT (Lactuca indicaL.)
ABSTRACT
Sijukkot ((Lactuca indica L.) has been used traditionally as antiinflamatory
medicine, antibacterial, apetite enhancer, anticonstipation, goiter (creatine)
medicine, antacidea, anti diabetic, cholesterol and the risk of cancer decreasing.
Sijukkot leaves usually use as a dish of raw vegetable.
Simplicia powder was characterized first, and continued by phytochemical
screening and macerated by using of ethanol 80% for 5 days, the dregs was

squeezed and macerated for almost 2 days until ethanol extract obtainable.
Ethanol extract was fractionated by n-hexane and ethylacetate. Research
continued by using agar diffusion method with paper disc to know antibacterial
activity test against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Vibrio cholerae.
Characterization result of sijukkot simplicia powder showed 5.99% of water level,
15.68% of water soluble extract level, 16.24% of ethanolic soluble level, 13.45%
ash, and 0.59% of acid insoluble ash level. The result of phytochemichal
screening of simplicia powder obtained flavonoids , glycosides, saponins, tannin,
triterpenoida/steroid. The result of antibacterial activity diameter inhibitor test
measurement showed thatethylacetate fraction of sijukkot has the strongest
antibacterial activity compared with ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and water
fraction
with
15
mg/
ml
of
(Escherichia
coli,Pseudomonas

aeruginosa,Streptococcus mutans)MIC; 20 mg/ml of Staphylococcus aureus
MIC;25 mg/ml ofVibrio cholerae MIC; and 75 mg/ml ofLactobacillus
acidophilus.
Keywords: sijukkot, fraction, antibacterial

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Universitas Sumatera Utara