A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON TRANSLATION ABILITY, READING HABIT AND WRITING SKILL AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015.
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A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON TRANSLATION ABILITY, READING
HABIT AND WRITING SKILL AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
THESIS
Hafid Sukri Hernandani
K2209038
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
i
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A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON TRANSLATION ABILITY, READING
HABIT AND WRITING SKILL AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
Hafid Sukri Hernandani.
K2209038
Thesis
Submitted to Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
as One of the Requirements for Achieving the Undergraduate Degree
in English Education
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
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MOTTO
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
1. My beloved parents.
Thanks for everythings that you have
given to me. Thanks for the great love
and never ending prayer.
2. My dearest young sister. Thanks for the
supports.
3. My best friends Dimas, Irfan, Afif,
Yudha, Leo, Tito, Latief
4. All of my great friends in English
Education Department 2009.
commit to user
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digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Hafid Sukri Hernandani. K2209038. A Correlational Study on Translation
Ability, Reading Habit and Writing Skill at the Eleventh Grade Students of
SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the Academic Year 2014/2015. Thesis, Teacher
Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. 2014.
This thesis is aimed to find out the correlation between (1) translation
ability and writing skill; (2) reading habit and writing skill; (3) translation ability
and reading habit simultaneously toward writing skill.
The method that is used in this study is correlational study. This study was
conducted in September 2014 at SMA Negeri 1Teras. The population of this study
was all the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the academic year
2014/2015 which consists of eight classes. The total number of the population was
256 students. By using cluster random sampling technique, the writer took class
XI MIA 1 as the sample which consists of 31 students. The instruments to collect
the data were questionnaire and test. The questionnaire was used to collect the
habit and writing skill. The techniques used in analyzing the data were Simple and
Multiple Linear Regression and Correlation.
The result of the study shows that
was found that (1) there is a positive correlation between translation ability and
writing skill (2) there is positive correlation between reading habit and writing
skill, and (3) there is a positive correlation between translation ability and reading
habit simultaneously and writing skill. From the results of the study it is also
known that translation ability and reading habit are important factors that give
contribution to writing skill. It means the improvement of translation ability and
reading habit, either partially or simultaneously will be followed by the
improvement
writing skill.
From the result of the study, it is known that translation ability and reading
factors cannot be ignored and should be maintained and elevated in improving the
Keywords: translation ability, reading habit, writing skill.
commit to user
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
that he can complete this thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for
achieving the undergraduate degree in English Education. The writer realizes that
this thesis cannot be finished without helps from a lot of people. Therefore, he
would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to:
1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret
University.
2. The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University.
3. Dr. Gunarso Susilohadi, M.Ed, TESOL and Hefy Sulistyawati S.S, M.Pd,
as the first and the second consultant who have given their guidance,
motivation, and suggestion to the writer.
4. Drs. Wakimun, the Headmaster of SMA Negeri 1 Teras who has given
permission to conduct the research.
5. Ida Kusumastuti S.Pd, the English teacher of SMA Negeri 1 Teras who
has given permission and a lot of help and guidance to the writer to carry
out the research in their class.
6. The eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the academic year
2014/2015 who have helped the writer to conduct the research by joining
the try out test and the test.
7. His parents and family who have given their love and support.
The writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect so he hopes and
accepts gratefully every comment and suggestion. Hopefully, this thesis will be
useful for the readers and for those who learn English.
Surakarta, December 2014
Hafid Sukri H.
commit to user
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................. i
PRONOUNCEMENT ..................................................................................... ii
SUBMISSION TITLE .................................................................................... iii
THE APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ....................................................... iv
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINERS .............................................. v
MOTTO .......................................................................................................... vi
DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................. ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. x
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................ xiii
LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ...................................................... 1
B. Problem Identification ............................................................ 6
C. Problem Limitation ................................................................ 6
D. Problem Statement ................................................................. 7
E. The Objective of the Study ..................................................... 7
F. The Benefits of the Study ....................................................... 8
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED THEORIES .................................... 9
A. Review of Writing Skill ......................................................... 9
1. The Definition of Writing Skill.......................................... 9
2. The Kinds of Writing ......................................................... 13
3. Purpose of Writing ............................................................ 14
4. Process of Writing .............................................................. 16
5. Assessing of Writing ......................................................... 17
B. Review on Translation Ability ............................................... 21
1. The Definition of Translation Ability ................................ 21
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2. Types of Translation. ......................................................... 22
3. The Process of Translation ................................................. 24
4. Principles of Translation .................................................... 25
5. Translation Procedures ....................................................... 27
6. Assessing Translation ........................................................ 31
C. Review on Reading Habit ...................................................... 33
1. The Definition of Reading Habit........................................ 33
2. The Indicators of Reading Habit ........................................ 34
3. The Purposes of Reading ................................................... 35
4. The ways of Reading.......................................................... 36
5. Factors in Reading.............................................................. 38
6. Elements Essential to Growth in Reading.......................... 39
D. Review on Related Research ................................................. 41
E. Rationale ................................................................................. 45
E. Hypotheses ............................................................................ 49
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................... 50
A. The Place and Time of the Study .......................................... 50
B. The Method of the Study ....................................................... 50
C. Population, Sample, and Sampling ....................................... 52
1. Population .......................................................................... 52
2. Sample ............................................................................... 53
3. Sampling ........................................................................... 53
D. Techniques of Collecting Data .............................................. 54
1. The Instruments of Collecting the Data ............................ 54
a. Questionnaire.................................................................. 54
b. Test ................................................................................. 55
2. Validity of the Instrument .................................................. 58
3. The Realibility of the Instrument ....................................... 60
E. The Technique of Analyzing Data ......................................... 62
1. Prerequisite Test ................................................................. 62
2. Testing the Hypothesis ...................................................... 66
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CHAPTER IV: RSEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION ........................... 71
A. Description of the Data ........................................................ 71
1. The Data of Translation Ability (X1) ............................. 71
2. The Data of Reading Habit (X2) ..................................... 73
3. The Data of Writing Skill (Y) ......................................... 75
B. The Hypotheses Testing........................................................ 78
1. Prerequisite Test ............................................................ 78
a. Normality Test .................................................... 78
b. Linearity of Regression Test ............................... 78
c. Significance of Regression Test ......................... 79
2. Hypotheses Testing ......................................................... 79
a. First Hypothesis .................................................. 80
b. Second Hypothesis .............................................. 80
c. Third Hypothesis................................................. 81
C. Contribution Analysis ........................................................... 83
D. Discussion ............................................................................ 83
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ..... 88
A. Conclusion .......................................................................... 88
B. Implication .......................................................................... 89
C. Suggestion ........................................................................... 90
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 93
APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 98
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
2.1. The Process of Translation according to Nida and Taber ......................... 25
3.1. Diagram of the Relationship between Translation Ability (X1), Reading
Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) .............................................................. 52
4.1. The Histogram of Translation Ability ....................................................... 72
4.2. The Polygon of Translation Ability ......................................................... 73
4.3. The Histogram of Reading Habit .............................................................. 75
4.4. The Polygon of Reading Habit .................................................................. 75
4.5. The Histogram of Writing Skill ............................................................... 77
4.6. The Polygon of Writing Skill ................................................................... 77
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
2.1. The Scoring Rubric of Writing Skill ......................................................... 19
3.1. Time and Place of the Study ..................................................................... 50
3.2. The Scoring Rubric of Writing Skill ......................................................... 56
3.3. The Scoring of Writing ............................................................................. 58
1) ........................................
71
4.2. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Translation Ability ............ 72
4.3. The Data of Reading Habit (X2) ............................................................... 73
4.4. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Reading Habit .................... 74
............................................ 75
4.6. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Writing Skill ..... ................ 76
4.7. Contribution of Variables Analysis ........................................................... 82
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
1. List of Students Joining the Try Out .................................................. 98
2. List of Students Joining the Test ......................................................... 99
3. The Blueprint of Translation Ability (Try-out) ................................... 100
4. The Instrument of Translation Ability (Try-out) ............................... 101
5. The Blueprint of Reading Habit (Try-out) .......................................... 109
6. The Instrument of Reading Habit (Try-out) ........................................ 110
7. The Blueprint of Writing Skill (Try-out) ............................................ 115
8. The Instrument of Writing Skill and Readability test (Try-out) ......... 117
9. Answer Key of Try Out Instrument .................................................... 119
10.
.................................. 122
11. Worksheet of Validity and Reliability of Translation Ability (X1)
Try Out ................................................................................................ 126
12. The Computation of Validity of Translation Ability Test (X1)
for Item Number 1................................................................................ 134
13. The Computation of Reliability of Translation Ability Test (X1) ........ 135
14. Worksheet of Validity and Reliability of Reading Habit
Questionnaire (X2) Try Out ................................................................. 136
15. The Computation of Validity of Reading habit Questionnaire (X2)
for Item Number 2 ............................................................................... 144
16. The Computation of Reliability of Reading Questionnaire (X2) ........ 145
17. Worksheet of Validity of Writing Skill Test (Y) ................................ 146
18. The Computation of Validity (Readability) of Writing Skill Test (Y) 147
19. The Blueprint of Translation Ability Test ............................................ 148
20. Translation Ability Test Instrument ..................................................... 149
21. The Blueprint of Reading Habit Questionnaire ................................... 155
22. Reading Habit Questionnaire Instrument ............................................. 156
23. The Blueprint of Writing Skill (Test Instrument) ................................ 160
24. Writing Skill Test Instrument ............................................................. 161
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25. Answer Key of the Instruments ........................................................... 162
26. Stude
............................................ 165
27. The Main Data of the Research ........................................................... 168
28. The Computations of Mean, Mode, Median and Standard Deviation
of the Variables ................................................................................... 175
29. Worksheet of Normality of Translation Ability Data (X1) ................ 176
30. The Computation of Normality of Translation Ability Data (X1) ....... 177
31. Worksheet of Normality of Reading Habit Data (X2) ......................... 178
32. The Computation of Normality of Reading Habit Data (X2) .............. 179
33. Worksheet of Normality of Writing Skill Data (Y) ............................ 180
34. The Computation of Normality of Writing Skill Data (Y) ................. 181
35. Worksheet of Linearity and Significance of Regression between
Translation Ability (X1) and Writing Skill (Y) ................................... 182
36. The Computation of Linearity and Significance of Regression
between Translation Ability (X1) and Writing Skill (Y) ...................... 184
37. Worksheet of Linearity and Significance of Regression between
Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) .......................................... 186
38. The Computation of Linearity and Significance of Regression
between Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ............................ 188
39. Worksheet of Multiple Linear Regression between Translation Ability
(X1), Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ................................. 190
40. Analysis of Single Correlation ............................................................ 192
a. Correlation between Translation Ability (X1) and
Writing Skill (Y) ........................................................................... 192
b. Correlation between Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ... 193
41. The Computation of Multiple Regression and Multiple Correlation .. 194
42. Worksheet of relative and effective contribution ................................. 197
43. Relative and effective contribution ...................................................... 198
44. The r Value of Produt Moment ........................................................... 199
45. The t Distribution ................................................................................ 200
46. Table F Distribution ............................................................................. 201
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47. Letter of permission ............................................................................ 203
48. Documentation ................................................................................... 207
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A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON TRANSLATION ABILITY, READING
HABIT AND WRITING SKILL AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
THESIS
Hafid Sukri Hernandani
K2209038
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
i
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON TRANSLATION ABILITY, READING
HABIT AND WRITING SKILL AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
Hafid Sukri Hernandani.
K2209038
Thesis
Submitted to Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
as One of the Requirements for Achieving the Undergraduate Degree
in English Education
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
commit to user
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MOTTO
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
1. My beloved parents.
Thanks for everythings that you have
given to me. Thanks for the great love
and never ending prayer.
2. My dearest young sister. Thanks for the
supports.
3. My best friends Dimas, Irfan, Afif,
Yudha, Leo, Tito, Latief
4. All of my great friends in English
Education Department 2009.
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Hafid Sukri Hernandani. K2209038. A Correlational Study on Translation
Ability, Reading Habit and Writing Skill at the Eleventh Grade Students of
SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the Academic Year 2014/2015. Thesis, Teacher
Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. 2014.
This thesis is aimed to find out the correlation between (1) translation
ability and writing skill; (2) reading habit and writing skill; (3) translation ability
and reading habit simultaneously toward writing skill.
The method that is used in this study is correlational study. This study was
conducted in September 2014 at SMA Negeri 1Teras. The population of this study
was all the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the academic year
2014/2015 which consists of eight classes. The total number of the population was
256 students. By using cluster random sampling technique, the writer took class
XI MIA 1 as the sample which consists of 31 students. The instruments to collect
the data were questionnaire and test. The questionnaire was used to collect the
habit and writing skill. The techniques used in analyzing the data were Simple and
Multiple Linear Regression and Correlation.
The result of the study shows that
was found that (1) there is a positive correlation between translation ability and
writing skill (2) there is positive correlation between reading habit and writing
skill, and (3) there is a positive correlation between translation ability and reading
habit simultaneously and writing skill. From the results of the study it is also
known that translation ability and reading habit are important factors that give
contribution to writing skill. It means the improvement of translation ability and
reading habit, either partially or simultaneously will be followed by the
improvement
writing skill.
From the result of the study, it is known that translation ability and reading
factors cannot be ignored and should be maintained and elevated in improving the
Keywords: translation ability, reading habit, writing skill.
commit to user
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
that he can complete this thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for
achieving the undergraduate degree in English Education. The writer realizes that
this thesis cannot be finished without helps from a lot of people. Therefore, he
would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to:
1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret
University.
2. The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University.
3. Dr. Gunarso Susilohadi, M.Ed, TESOL and Hefy Sulistyawati S.S, M.Pd,
as the first and the second consultant who have given their guidance,
motivation, and suggestion to the writer.
4. Drs. Wakimun, the Headmaster of SMA Negeri 1 Teras who has given
permission to conduct the research.
5. Ida Kusumastuti S.Pd, the English teacher of SMA Negeri 1 Teras who
has given permission and a lot of help and guidance to the writer to carry
out the research in their class.
6. The eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Teras in the academic year
2014/2015 who have helped the writer to conduct the research by joining
the try out test and the test.
7. His parents and family who have given their love and support.
The writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect so he hopes and
accepts gratefully every comment and suggestion. Hopefully, this thesis will be
useful for the readers and for those who learn English.
Surakarta, December 2014
Hafid Sukri H.
commit to user
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digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................. i
PRONOUNCEMENT ..................................................................................... ii
SUBMISSION TITLE .................................................................................... iii
THE APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ....................................................... iv
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINERS .............................................. v
MOTTO .......................................................................................................... vi
DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................. ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. x
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................ xiii
LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ...................................................... 1
B. Problem Identification ............................................................ 6
C. Problem Limitation ................................................................ 6
D. Problem Statement ................................................................. 7
E. The Objective of the Study ..................................................... 7
F. The Benefits of the Study ....................................................... 8
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED THEORIES .................................... 9
A. Review of Writing Skill ......................................................... 9
1. The Definition of Writing Skill.......................................... 9
2. The Kinds of Writing ......................................................... 13
3. Purpose of Writing ............................................................ 14
4. Process of Writing .............................................................. 16
5. Assessing of Writing ......................................................... 17
B. Review on Translation Ability ............................................... 21
1. The Definition of Translation Ability ................................ 21
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2. Types of Translation. ......................................................... 22
3. The Process of Translation ................................................. 24
4. Principles of Translation .................................................... 25
5. Translation Procedures ....................................................... 27
6. Assessing Translation ........................................................ 31
C. Review on Reading Habit ...................................................... 33
1. The Definition of Reading Habit........................................ 33
2. The Indicators of Reading Habit ........................................ 34
3. The Purposes of Reading ................................................... 35
4. The ways of Reading.......................................................... 36
5. Factors in Reading.............................................................. 38
6. Elements Essential to Growth in Reading.......................... 39
D. Review on Related Research ................................................. 41
E. Rationale ................................................................................. 45
E. Hypotheses ............................................................................ 49
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................... 50
A. The Place and Time of the Study .......................................... 50
B. The Method of the Study ....................................................... 50
C. Population, Sample, and Sampling ....................................... 52
1. Population .......................................................................... 52
2. Sample ............................................................................... 53
3. Sampling ........................................................................... 53
D. Techniques of Collecting Data .............................................. 54
1. The Instruments of Collecting the Data ............................ 54
a. Questionnaire.................................................................. 54
b. Test ................................................................................. 55
2. Validity of the Instrument .................................................. 58
3. The Realibility of the Instrument ....................................... 60
E. The Technique of Analyzing Data ......................................... 62
1. Prerequisite Test ................................................................. 62
2. Testing the Hypothesis ...................................................... 66
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CHAPTER IV: RSEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION ........................... 71
A. Description of the Data ........................................................ 71
1. The Data of Translation Ability (X1) ............................. 71
2. The Data of Reading Habit (X2) ..................................... 73
3. The Data of Writing Skill (Y) ......................................... 75
B. The Hypotheses Testing........................................................ 78
1. Prerequisite Test ............................................................ 78
a. Normality Test .................................................... 78
b. Linearity of Regression Test ............................... 78
c. Significance of Regression Test ......................... 79
2. Hypotheses Testing ......................................................... 79
a. First Hypothesis .................................................. 80
b. Second Hypothesis .............................................. 80
c. Third Hypothesis................................................. 81
C. Contribution Analysis ........................................................... 83
D. Discussion ............................................................................ 83
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ..... 88
A. Conclusion .......................................................................... 88
B. Implication .......................................................................... 89
C. Suggestion ........................................................................... 90
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 93
APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 98
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
2.1. The Process of Translation according to Nida and Taber ......................... 25
3.1. Diagram of the Relationship between Translation Ability (X1), Reading
Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) .............................................................. 52
4.1. The Histogram of Translation Ability ....................................................... 72
4.2. The Polygon of Translation Ability ......................................................... 73
4.3. The Histogram of Reading Habit .............................................................. 75
4.4. The Polygon of Reading Habit .................................................................. 75
4.5. The Histogram of Writing Skill ............................................................... 77
4.6. The Polygon of Writing Skill ................................................................... 77
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
2.1. The Scoring Rubric of Writing Skill ......................................................... 19
3.1. Time and Place of the Study ..................................................................... 50
3.2. The Scoring Rubric of Writing Skill ......................................................... 56
3.3. The Scoring of Writing ............................................................................. 58
1) ........................................
71
4.2. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Translation Ability ............ 72
4.3. The Data of Reading Habit (X2) ............................................................... 73
4.4. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Reading Habit .................... 74
............................................ 75
4.6. The Frequency Distribution of the Scores of Writing Skill ..... ................ 76
4.7. Contribution of Variables Analysis ........................................................... 82
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
1. List of Students Joining the Try Out .................................................. 98
2. List of Students Joining the Test ......................................................... 99
3. The Blueprint of Translation Ability (Try-out) ................................... 100
4. The Instrument of Translation Ability (Try-out) ............................... 101
5. The Blueprint of Reading Habit (Try-out) .......................................... 109
6. The Instrument of Reading Habit (Try-out) ........................................ 110
7. The Blueprint of Writing Skill (Try-out) ............................................ 115
8. The Instrument of Writing Skill and Readability test (Try-out) ......... 117
9. Answer Key of Try Out Instrument .................................................... 119
10.
.................................. 122
11. Worksheet of Validity and Reliability of Translation Ability (X1)
Try Out ................................................................................................ 126
12. The Computation of Validity of Translation Ability Test (X1)
for Item Number 1................................................................................ 134
13. The Computation of Reliability of Translation Ability Test (X1) ........ 135
14. Worksheet of Validity and Reliability of Reading Habit
Questionnaire (X2) Try Out ................................................................. 136
15. The Computation of Validity of Reading habit Questionnaire (X2)
for Item Number 2 ............................................................................... 144
16. The Computation of Reliability of Reading Questionnaire (X2) ........ 145
17. Worksheet of Validity of Writing Skill Test (Y) ................................ 146
18. The Computation of Validity (Readability) of Writing Skill Test (Y) 147
19. The Blueprint of Translation Ability Test ............................................ 148
20. Translation Ability Test Instrument ..................................................... 149
21. The Blueprint of Reading Habit Questionnaire ................................... 155
22. Reading Habit Questionnaire Instrument ............................................. 156
23. The Blueprint of Writing Skill (Test Instrument) ................................ 160
24. Writing Skill Test Instrument ............................................................. 161
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25. Answer Key of the Instruments ........................................................... 162
26. Stude
............................................ 165
27. The Main Data of the Research ........................................................... 168
28. The Computations of Mean, Mode, Median and Standard Deviation
of the Variables ................................................................................... 175
29. Worksheet of Normality of Translation Ability Data (X1) ................ 176
30. The Computation of Normality of Translation Ability Data (X1) ....... 177
31. Worksheet of Normality of Reading Habit Data (X2) ......................... 178
32. The Computation of Normality of Reading Habit Data (X2) .............. 179
33. Worksheet of Normality of Writing Skill Data (Y) ............................ 180
34. The Computation of Normality of Writing Skill Data (Y) ................. 181
35. Worksheet of Linearity and Significance of Regression between
Translation Ability (X1) and Writing Skill (Y) ................................... 182
36. The Computation of Linearity and Significance of Regression
between Translation Ability (X1) and Writing Skill (Y) ...................... 184
37. Worksheet of Linearity and Significance of Regression between
Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) .......................................... 186
38. The Computation of Linearity and Significance of Regression
between Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ............................ 188
39. Worksheet of Multiple Linear Regression between Translation Ability
(X1), Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ................................. 190
40. Analysis of Single Correlation ............................................................ 192
a. Correlation between Translation Ability (X1) and
Writing Skill (Y) ........................................................................... 192
b. Correlation between Reading Habit (X2) and Writing Skill (Y) ... 193
41. The Computation of Multiple Regression and Multiple Correlation .. 194
42. Worksheet of relative and effective contribution ................................. 197
43. Relative and effective contribution ...................................................... 198
44. The r Value of Produt Moment ........................................................... 199
45. The t Distribution ................................................................................ 200
46. Table F Distribution ............................................................................. 201
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47. Letter of permission ............................................................................ 203
48. Documentation ................................................................................... 207
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