The interpersonal conflict of percy in single parent family as seen in Riordan`s Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel.

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ABSTRACT

Sari, Wuri Lukito (2016). The Interpersonal Conflict of Percy in Single Parent Family as Seen in Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief Novel. Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University.

This study analyses Rick Riordan’s novel entitled Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief. The novel tells about Percy Jackson’s life and journey as a demi god, half human and god or called hero. He lived with his mother and his step father. Unfortunately, he never knows his real father and the truth about him. Percy got attacked by a monster when he was in a school trip. Percy should have done his quest and saved the world and his mother. All tragedies that happened were related to his real father that he hated so much because he never met him since he was a baby. This analysis of study focuses on the characterization of Percy Jackson in single parent family. There are two formulated problems. The first is to analyze the characterization of Percy Jackson in the novel. The second is to find the intrapersonal conflict between Percy and his original father in the novel.

This is a library research. The approach of this study is critical approach focusing on psychological approach. In order to analyze the novel, there are two sources of data. The main source is the novel Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel and the second sources are some books and electronic sources on internet such as articles, journals and electronic books that support the research.

After conducting the research, the researcher found two points to conclude. The first point Percy is described as a troublesome kid who always moves from one school to another school, is caring with his friend and his mother, is brave to face his quest and his long journey to finish it and is responsible for his quest. The second point is the interpersonal conflict of Percy. Percy should know the truth about who is his father. Percy’s has journey to find lightening bold and bring him to the important fate. He never expected that he is a demigod and his father is Poseidon, god of the sea.

Therefore, the researcher concludes that Percy has four characteristics namely troublesome kid, caring, responsible and brave. Moreover, Percy has interpersonal conflict with his father. He has to find the truth by himself.

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ABSTRAK

Sari, Wuri Lukito (2016). The Interpersonal Conflict of Percy in Single Parent Familyin Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief Novel. Yogyakarta: Pendidikan Bahasa dan seni, Departement Pedidikan Bahasa dan Seni. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Studi ini menganalisa sebuah novel yang berjudul Percy Jackson and Lightning thief. Fokus studi ini adalah menganalisa karakter dari tokoh utama “Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief” serta tokoh pembantu selama perjalanan.

Untuk menemukan karakter dari novel ini penulis merumuskan dua permasalahan. Permasalahan yang dirumuskan adalah “1) apa karakter dari Percy Jackson sebagai tokoh utama dalam cerita tersebut? 2) mengapa Percy membenci ayahnya sendiri. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menemukan karakter sorang anak yang dibesarkan di lingkungan single parent family. Serta mengetahui apa yang harus dilakukan Percy untuk mengatasi konflik tersebut.

Metode yang digunakan studi ini adalah studi pustaka. Studi ini juga menggunakan pendekatan psychology untuk menganalisa karakter dari tokoh utama tersebut. Sumber utama dari studi ini adalah sebuah novel berjudul Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief serta beberapa sumber terpercaya dari internet dan bahan bacaan untuk mendukung studi.

Setelah melakukan penelitian, penulis menemukan dua kesimpulan. Percy Jackson dalam studi ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai karakter yang peduli, bertanggung jawab dan berani. Percy Jackson digambarkan sebagai anak yang bermasalah di sekolah maupun di rumah. Yang kedua mengenai konflik antara Percy dan ayahnya serta perkembangan percy sebagai anak dengan satu orang tua.

Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa karakter dari tokoh utama dalam novel adalah anak yang bermasalah, peduli, bertanggung jawab dan pemberani. Selain itu, Percy dapat mengetahui mengenai ayah kandunganya yang telah meninggalkan dia sejak masih dalam kandungan walaupun itu menimbulkan konflik dalam dirinya sendiri.

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THE INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT OF PERCY

IN SINGLE PARENT FAMILY AS SEEN IN RIORDAN’S

PERCY JACKSON AND THE LIGHTNING THIEF

NOVEL

A SARJANA PENDIDIKANTHESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana PendidikanDegree

in English Language Education

Wuri Lukito Sari Student Number: 111214086

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION

SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA

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DEDICATION PAGE

This Thesis is presented to

My God Almighty, Jesus Christ

Because of His Grace and Plans in my life

1 Corinthians 13: 13

And now abide faith, hope and love these three;

but the greatest of these is love.

This Thesis also dedicated to:

My beloved family

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ABSTRACT

Sari, Wuri Lukito (2016). The Interpersonal Conflict of Percy in Single Parent Family as Seenin Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief Novel.

Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University.

This study analyses Rick Riordan’s novel entitled Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief. The novel tells about Percy Jackson’s life and journey as a demi god, half human and god or called hero. He lived with his mother and his step father.Unfortunately, he never knows his real father and the truth about him. Percy got attacked by a monster when he was in a school trip. Percy should have done his quest and saved the world and his mother. All tragedies that happened were related to his real father that he hated so much because he never met him since he was a baby. This analysis of study focuses on the characterization of Percy Jackson in single parent family. There are two formulated problems. The first is to analyze the characterization of Percy Jackson in the novel. The second is to find the intrapersonal conflict between Percy and his original father in the novel.

This is a library research. The approach of this study is critical approach focusing on psychological approach. In order to analyze the novel, there are two sources of data. The main source is the novel Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief

novel and the second sources are some books and electronic sources on internet such as articles, journals and electronic books that support the research.

After conducting the research, the researcher found two points to conclude. The first point is the character who supports Percy in the novel and Percy characterization of the novel. Percy is described as a troublesome kid who always moves from one school to another school, is caring with his friend and his mother, is brave to face his quest and his long journey to finish it and is responsible for his quest. The second point is finding the cause of his father’s leaving. Percy should know the truth about who is his father. Percy’s has journey to find lightening bold and bring him to the important fate. He never expected that he is a demigod and his father is Poseidon, god of the sea.

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viii

ABSTRAK

Sari, Wuri Lukito (2016).The Interpersonal Conflict of Percy in Single Parent Familyin Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief Novel. Yogyakarta: Pendidikan Bahasa dan seni, Departement Pedidikan Bahasa dan Seni. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Studi ini menganalisa sebuah novel yang berjudul Percy Jackson and Lightning thief. Fokus studi ini adalah menganalisa karakter dari tokoh utama “Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief” serta tokoh pembantu selama perjalanan.

Untuk menemukan karakter dari novel ini penulis merumuskan dua permasalahan. Permasalahan yang dirumuskan adalah “1) apakarakterdari Percy Jackson sebagai tokoh utama dalam cerita tersebut? 2) mengapa Percy membenci ayahnya sendiri. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menemukan karakter seorang anak yang dibesarkan di lingkungan single parent family. Serta mengetahui apa yang harus dilakukan Percy untuk mengatasi konflik tersebut.

Metode yang digunakan studi ini adalah studi pustaka. Studi ini juga menggunakan pendekatan psychology untuk menganalisa karakter dari tokoh utama tersebut. Sumber utama dari studi ini adalah sebuah novel berjudul Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief serta beberapa sumber terpercaya dari internet dan bahan bacaan untuk mendukung studi.

Setelah melakukan penelitian, penulis menemukan dua kesimpulan. Pertama mengenai karakter-karakter yang membantu Percy. Karakter-karakterter sebut adalah, Annabeth, Grover and Percy dan Luke sebagai tokoh yang menyebabkan kekacauan yang terjadi. Karakter Percy Jackson dalam studi ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai karakter yang bertanggungjawab dan berani. Percy Jackson digambarkan sebagai anak yang bermasalah disekolah maupun di rumah. Yang kedua mengenai konflik antara Percy dan ayahnya serta perkembangan percy sebagai anak dengan satu orang tua.

Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa karakter dari tokoh utama dalam novel adalah anak yang bermasalah, peduli, bertanggung jawab dan pemberani. Selain itu, Percy dapat mengetahui mengenai ayah kandunganya yang telah meninggalkan dia sejak masih dalam kandungan walaupun itu menimbulkan konflik dalam dirinya sendiri.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank Jesus Christ for His blessing so that I can finish my thesis. I believe that He is always with me and helps me finish my thesis. He is my Father who loves His children so He never leaves me alone.

I would also like to thank my advisor, F.X. Ouda Teda Ena, M.Pd., Ed.D., for his guidance and ideas for my thesis. He is a patient person and always supports me during my process of writing. He also gives his advice to me that I should never give up in writing my thesis. He knows that writing thesis is not that easy but he knows that I can do it because whenpeople want to see a rainbow they need to pass the rain, the sunlight and sometimes the storms.

I dedicate my thesis to my beloved parents, my father Mardi and my mother The Djian Nie. They always support me from my hometown and never stop praying for me and my thesis so that I can finish it and get a good job later. And also to my beloved little brother Septian Bayu Sembodo, who always reminds me to do my thesis and support me with his love.

I would like to thank my best friends Yohanna Tannia and Septriany Gloria, who always accompany me since the beginning of the first semester, even before our orientation. They always support me and put my name in their prayers. I would like to thank my beloved friends in ELESP 2011 especially class B for fulfilling my life beautifully. I am really happy to spend 4 years with all of them. I never forget every moment I spent with them and all of them are cool. I would like to thank my beloved friends in GKKK Yogyakarta who always support me

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and give their prayer for me, I am really happy to meet and have process with all of them.

Last but not least, I would like to thank my second family in Kos Merpati

especially Wulan, Ce Villy, Ce Fani. I really love them all. I thank them for sharing their happinesses, sadnesses and tears and every moment we spent together. We are live in the same place together and grow up together.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE OF PAGE………i

APPROVAL PAGE………ii

DEDICATION PAGE………iv

STATEMENT OF WORK ORIGINALITY………....v

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI…….………....vi

ABSTRACT………vii

ABSTRAK………viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………....ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS………xi

LIST OF APPENDICES………....xii

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION….………1

A. Research Background………..1

B. Problem Formulation………...2

C. Research Objectives……….3

D. Research Benefits………...3

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xii

CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE…….………5

A. Review of Related Theories……….5

B. Theoretical Framework………...18

CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY………...20

A. Object of Study………..……20

B. Approach Study………..21

C. Method Study……….22

CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS………...23

A. The Characterization of Percy Jackson..………23

B. The Interpersonal Conflict of Percy Jackson..………...28

1. The Causes of Percy Interpersonal Conflict………..………29

2. Percy Interpersonal Conflict through His Father………...33

CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS……….36

A. Conclusions………36

B. Suggestions………38

C. Reflection………...38

REFERENCES………...42

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendices Page

1. The Summary of Percy Jackson and Lightening thief………44 2. The Biography of Rick Riordan……… 46

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This research discusses children’s characteristics in a single parent family and the interpersonal conflict of the main character in Riordan’s novel entitled

Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel. In order to give detailed information about that, this chapter consists of five parts: Research Background, Research Objectives, Research Benefits, and Definition of Terms.

A. Research Background

In this globalization era, many cases happen among children. Many children have bad behaviors and characteristics in their social life. Building children’s character is important for their future. In building their characters not only teacher role but also need parents’ role, for that purpose and to face the reality of globalization, parents’ roles are need to make their children have good behavior and character building. But if the children only have single parent or children, the parent must give extra attentions to teach his or her children.

In general according to Erickson (1959), children development refers to the biological, psychological, and emotional changes. It occurs in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence yet having a unique course for every child. It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding types of development.

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Children from single parent family usually have different behavior and characteristic rather than children who have complete parents.

During the development, there are some factors that may influence children behaviors, such as external factors that might influence child’s behavior, internal factors that might influence child’s behavior and physical environment. A different case in single parent family, causes many effects for children development. Namely academic achievement, emotional effect and positive effect. Beside children development, people must concern of children conflict because every people have their own conflict. The conflict itself comes from themselves or other people. According to Gaffar and Khan (2012), there are five major types of conflicts including intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, intergroup, and organizational levels.

This novel discusses Percy Jackson as the main character. Percy lives with his mother and his step father but his step father does not contribute of Percy’s life and his mother’s life. He never knows who his father is and where his father right is Percy has dyslexia. He cannot read and concentrate well in his school. Also he always moves from one school to another school. It is not easy for him to adapt and always moves to another school. He also does not have many friends in his school. However this is not easy for him to pass it.

B. Problem Formulation

Based on the research background, the researcher formulates the following research questions:

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1. How is Percy characterized in Riordan’s novel entitled Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief?

2. What are the interpersonal conflicts of Percy in Riordan’s novel entitled

Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief?

C.

Research Objectives

The researcher intends to examine the characteristic of Percy Jackson as the main character in novel Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief who lives with his mother. The objectives of this study are to solve those two problems formulated. The first is to explain the characterized of Percy Jackson as the main character of Percy Jackson and Lighting Thief novel also the supporting characters such as Grover, Annabeth and Luke. The second is to explain Percy’s interpersonal conflict through his real father, this part is conflict between son and father. The father leaves his son since he was an infant but Percy must face the reality that his father needs his help.

D. Research Benefits

This thesis has many advantages in literary field and education field. The first is in literary field. It will help the reader to criticize of this novel and build a critical because every book always has purpose that the writers want to convey. The second is in educational field. It will give teachers ways to treat students who have dyslexia and problems with children in single parent family background.

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E. Definition of Terms

Key words on this thesis are the first is characteristics of Percy Jackson as the main character in Riordan’s novel entitled Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief. It is best-selling novel by a famous novelist, Rick Riordan. This novel tells us about the journey of a half-blood son of god as known as demigod. Demigod is a child from a god and a human. It is because sometime a god is married to human and they have children.

The second is single parent is a parent, not living with a spouse or partner, who has most of the day-to-day responsibilities in raising the child or children. Behavior change is often a goal for staff working directly with constituents, organizations, governments, or communities. Individuals charged with this task can be thought of as “interventionists” whose goal it is to design and implement programs or interventions that produce the desired behavioral changes. The last is interpersonal conflict between Percy and his real father. His father left him since he was a baby.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter consists of two section, namely review of related theories, and theoretical framework. The theoretical description provides some important concepts related to this research. Those concepts are: character, characterization, and single parent family, Factors that affect someone character single parent family, on the other side; this research also provides the theoretical framework which consists of summary of some theories that will be used in order to solve the research problems.

A. Review of Related Theories

This part will discuss some important theories related to this research. There are some related theories discussed. They are character and characterization.

1. Characterization

There are some definitions about characterization from some different experts. According to Bruto (2004), characterization is a literary device that is used step by step in literature to highlight and explains the details about a character in a story. Roane (2014) statescharacterization isthe choices an author makes to reveal a character’s personality, such as appearance, actions, dialogue, and motivations. Characterization is an element of the discourse, a part of the writer's strategy or plan. According to Murphy (1972) there are nine ways of characterization.

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a. Personal Description

The writer describes certain character in the novel by his or her appearance for instance by telling characters’ looks, or what he or she wears. This is dealing with their own needs because some writers want to show the readers about their personal description by giving details about the color of clothes, kind of clothes, color of shoes or something they bring such as watch, bag, umbrella, etc.

b. Characters as Seen by Another

The writer uses other characters’ opinions to characterize some characters. It means that opinions of other character give some description of the characters. For example, a character may think the other character is very lazy because he always comes late to school and never does homework.

c. Speech

The writer describes a character through the characters’ speeches. It can be identified by viewing the character dialogues. The example is a conversation between two characters in the novel.

d. Past Life

The past life of a several characters shapes the character’s characteristics. It is because one’s past life influences one’s characteristics in the future. His or her past life can be told directly by an author of the novel or other characters in the novel.

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e. Conversation of Others

The writer describes some characters through the conversation of other characters. It can be clues which reveal the characteristics of some characters. Using conversation to describe certain characters can see what kind of topic that the characters discus.

f. Reaction

The reaction of some characters in dealing with some situations and events which he or she faces in the novel can reveal his or her characterization. It means how certain characters react about the situation. It can be a panic reaction, enjoy reaction, mad reaction, surprising reaction and many more.

g. Direct Comments

By describing of giving a comment on a certain character, the writer shows the characterization to the readers through sentences in the novel. It means that direct comments can show some characters because they are described by the conversation among the characters.

h. Thought

In order to know the characteristics of some characters, the writer describes them through the character’s thoughts. It means that characters are shown by the way the characters think of something and how they deal with it.

i. Mannerism

The writer shows the characteristics of some characters through their traits, habits, or manners. It means that the characters are describe by his daily activities that they always do.

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2. Character

Character is a representation of an individual being presented in a dramatic or narrative work through extended dramatic or verbal representation. The reader can interpret characters as endowed with moral and dispositional qualities expressed in what they say (dialogue) and what they do (action). Forster (1974) describes characters as "flat" (i.e., built around a single idea or quality and unchanging over the course of the narrative) or "round" (complex in temperament and motivation; drawn with subtlety; capable of growth and change during the course of the narrative). The main character of a work of a fiction is typically called the protagonist; the character against whom the protagonist struggles or contends (if there is one), is the antagonist. If a single secondary character aids the protagonist throughout the narrative, that character is the deuterogamist (the hero's "side-kick"). A character of tertiary importance is a protagonist. A character is there presentation of a person, place, or thing performing traditionally human activities or functions in a work of fiction.

3. A Single Parent

Parenting is multiply determined by characteristics of the parent, of the child, and of contextual subsystems of social support; these three determinants are not equally influential in supporting or undermining parenting; and developmental history and personality shape parenting indirectly, by first influencing the broader context in which parent-child relations exist (i.e., marital relations, social networks, occupational experience). Belsky (2014), found that parental

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personality and psychological wellbeing were the most influential of the determinants in supporting parental functioning. Single parent is usually considered the primary caregiver, meaning the parent the children have residency with the majority of the time.

Behavior change is often a goal for staff working directly with constituents, organizations, governments, or communities. Individuals charged with this task can be thought of as “interventionists” whose goal it is to design and implement programs or interventions that produce the desired behavioral changes. Another definition of Single-parent families_{are families with children under age}

18 headed by a parent who is widowed or divorced and not remarried, or by a parent who has never married, Encyclopedia of Single parent families(2014).

3.1 Effects of Single Parent Family

There are many researcher stated about the effect of children in single parent family. According to Thomson et al. (1994) who find that the cognitive disadvantage of children in one-parent families largely disappears when family complete. Ginther and Pollack (2004) stated that children from one-parent families display lower cognitive development than their peers from two-parent families, but that this effect disappears when family income is included as a control. (as cited in Encyclopedia of Children's Health 2014, p.1). Similarity, Baxter et al. (2011) who use data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). Prior to controlling for child background variables, children living in two-parent families had better emotional outcomes than children living in one-parent families. After controlling for demographic, socioeconomic and

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personal characteristics, children from single-parent families continued to display lower emotional development.

4. Children Development Stages

Children development that occurs from birth to adulthood are largely ignored throughout much of history. Children are often viewed simply as small versions of adults and little attention is paid to the many advances in cognitive abilities, language usage, and physical growth that occur during childhood and adolescence. According to Piaget, children are born with a very basic mental structure (genetically inherited and evolved) on which all subsequent learning and knowledge is based. According to Freud (1915), children development is described as a series of 'psychosexual stages.' In "Three Essays on Sexuality", Freud (1915) outlines these stages as oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. Each stage involves the satisfaction of a libidinal desire and can later play a role in adult personality. If a child does not successfully complete a stage, Freud (1915) suggested that he or she would develop a fixation that would later influence adult personality and behavior. Erikson (1959) believed that each stage of development focuses on overcoming a conflict. For example, the primary conflict during the adolescent period involves establishing a sense of personal identity.

a. Trust vs. Mistrust

Erikson (1959) said the first psychological crisis occurs during the first year. In this stage infant is uncertain about the world in which they live. To resolve these feelings of uncertainty the infant looks towards their primary caregiver for stability and consistency of care. If the care that infant receives is

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consistent, predictable and reliable, they will develop a sense of trust which will carry with them to other relationships, and they will be able to feel secure even when they are threatened.

By developing a sense of trust, the infant can have hope as new crises arise. There is a real possibility that other people will be a source of support.

b. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

The children are developing physically and become more mobile. Between the ages of 18 months and three, children begin to assert their independence, by walking away from their mother, picking which toy to play with, and making choices about what they like to wear and to eat.

The child will discovering that he or she has many skills and abilities, such as putting on clothes and shoes, playing with toys. Such skills illustrate the child’s growing sense of independence and autonomy. Erikson (1959) states it is critical that parents allow their children to explore the limits of their abilities within an encouraging environment which is tolerant of failure. Parents need to encourage their children to become more independent whilst at the same time protecting the children so that constant failure is avoided.

A delicate balance is required from the parents. They must try not to do everything for their children but if the children fail at a particular task they must not criticize the children failures and accidents (particularly when toilet training). The aim has to be self-control without a loss of self-esteem. It will lead to the virtue will. In this case if children in this stage are encouraged and supported in

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their increased independence, they become more confident and secure in their own ability to survive in the world.

c. Initiative vs. Guilt

In this stage is around age of three and continuing to age of five. Children assert themselves more frequently. During this period the primary feature involves the child regularly interacting with other children at school. Central to this stage is paly, as it provides children with the opportunity to explore their interpersonal skills through initiating activities.

Children begin to plan activities, make up games, and initiate activities with others. It gives children opportunity to develop a sense of initiative and feel secure in their ability to lead others and make decision. In contrast this tendency is squelched, either through criticism or control, children develop a sense of guilt. They may feel like nuisance to others and lacking of self-initiative.

In these stages children will begin to ask many questions as their thrust for knowledge grows. If the parents treat the children question as trivial. A nuisance or embarrassing or other aspects of their behavior as threatening then the children may have feeling of guilt for being a nuisance.

d. Competence vs. Inferiority

In these stage are children aged five to twelve years old. Where they will be learning to read and write, to do sums, to do things on their own. Teachers begin to take an important role in the child’s life as they teach the child specific skills.

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The children peers group will grain greater significance and will become a major source of the children self-esteem. The children now feel the need to win approval by society and begin develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments.

If children are encouraged and reinforced for their initiative, they begin to feel industrious and feel confident in their ability to achieve goals. If this initiative is not encouraged, it is restricted by parents or teachers, then the children begins to feel inferior, doubted of his own abilities and therefore they may not reach their potential.

e. Identity vs. Role Confusion

In these stages are adolescences in aged 12 to 18 years old, the transition from childhood to adulthood is most important. Children are becoming more independent, and begin to look at the future in term of career, relationships, families and housing. They want to belong to society and fit in.

This is a major stage in development where the children have to learn the roles. They will occupy as an adult. It is during this stage that adolescent will re-examine his or her identity and try to find out exactly who he or she is. Erikson (1959), suggest that two identities are involved: the sexual and occupational. Erikson (1959) claims that the adolescent may feel uncomfortable about their body for a while until they can adapt and grow into changes.

During this period, they explore possibilities and begin to form their own identity based upon the outcome of their exploration. Failure to establish a sense of identity within society and role confusion involves the individuals not being

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sure about themselves or their place in society in response to role confusion or identity crisis an adolescent may begin to experiment with different lifestyles. Adolescent may curious about something happen around their environment and the changes of their body.

f. Intimacy vs. Isolation

In these stages begin to share ourselves more intimately with others. People explore relationship leading towards longer term commitments with someone other than a family member.

Successful completion of these stages can lead to a comfortable relationship and a sense of commitment, safety, and care within a relationship. Avoiding intimacy, fearing commitment and relationship can lead to isolation, loneliness, and even depression.

g. Generativity vs. Stagnation

This is stage for people in middle adulthood around ages 40 to 65 years old. They establish their careers, settle down within a relationship begin our own families and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture. People in this stages will back to society through raising children, being productive at work and becoming involved in community activities and organizations.

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In these stages for people around ages of 65 years old above. People in this stages become senior citizens, they tend to slow down our productivity, and explore life as a retired person. It is during this time they contemplate their accomplishments and are able to develop integrity if they see themselves as leading a successful life. Erikson (1959) believes if we see our lives as unproductive, feel guilty about past or feel that we did not accomplish life goals and become dissatisfied with life and develop despair often leading to depression and hopelessness.

5. Conflict Theory

The research includes the theory of conflict. This theory includes the conflict and the conflict resolution. The first part discusses the definition and types of conflict. Meanwhile, the second part, which is the conflict resolution, focuses on interpersonal conflict resolutions.

a. Conflict

According to Kasschau (2003), psychology is a scientific study of behavior and mental process. When applied to humans, psychology covers everything that people think, feel, and do. Since the unconscious motivation and conflicts are responsible for human behavior. Therefore, conflict can be considered as a psychological aspect of human being (Kasschau, 2003). According to Insenhart and Spangle (2000), conflict is as an exposed struggle between at least two independent parties that perceive incompatible goals and inadequate resources and intrusion from another party in obtaining their goals.

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Conflict appears when there is a struggle between two independent parties because they cannot fulfill two or more mutual actions altogether. It happens whenever incompatible activities occur.Similarly, Hocker and Wilmot (1985) define conflict as an expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scare rewards, and interference from the other parties in achieving their goals

According to Gaffar and Khan (2012), there are five major types of conflicts including intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, intergroup, and organizational levels. From the five types of conflict, a brief detailed information about intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts is discussed further. According to Gaffar and Khan (2012), intrapersonal conflict arises because of multifarious reasons within an individual. This conflict that happens within an individual indicates the presence of different ideas, opposing feelings, and activities. It causes stress, anxiety, uncertainty, hesitation, and depression. In contrast, interpersonal conflict represents conflicts between two individuals. In other words, this conflict occurs between two independent parties. Interpersonal conflict always presents in groups because individuals differ in terms of values, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. For instance, interpersonal conflict appears because of disagreement to achieve individuals’ goals.

1. Conflict Resolution

Conflicts often appear regularly in human life. It makes sense that people have to deal with conflicts. People have to develop strategies to deal with conflicts.

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McCollum (2009) states that conflicts can be managed in six ways. The first is avoidance. A person can use this strategy to steer clear of conflicts, for any number of reasons. The person can decide that the confrontation proves more troubles that are worth. The second is independent action. This approach involves the other side starting a conflict with little or no effort to communicate with the other sides. It often involves violence, illegal acts, or both. Independent action is almost and always a bad idea. The third is negotiation. Negotiation consists of different sides talking one-on-one to try to work out resolution.

The fourth is mediation. This strategy is similar to negotiation. The difference is that an outside party as a mediator takes part. The mediator makes no decisions, but helps smooth the communication between the sides of conflict. The fifth is arbitration. Arbitration involves an outside party taking part discussions. An arbitrator makes judgment about how the conflict should be resolved. The last is litigation. Litigation is the use of legal system to settle a dispute.

There are several ways to handle conflict based on its types that are faced. Kasschau (2003) proposes four types of intrapersonal conflict situation and how they are resolved. The first one is approach-approach type. An individual must choose between two alternative. To deal with this type of conflict, the individual decides which goals that he or she wants to approach. An approach-approach conflict is a conflict in name only. It does not produce great deal of stress because both choices are satisfying. The second is avoidance-avoidance type. The type occurs when an individual confronts two unattractive alternatives. Therefore, the

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most possible way to solve it is to either leave the conflict or choose one better alternative over the others.

The third is approach-avoidance type. An individual who wants to do something but has fears or doubts or is repulsed by it at the same time is experiencing an approach-avoidance conflict. The resolution of this conflict is often very difficult and depends generally on the person’s finding added reason to choose one alternative over the other. The fourth is a double approach-avoidance conflict. An individual must choose between two goals or more alternatives, each of which has attractive and unattractive aspects. In other words, this type concerns with choosing one goal and as a consequence in giving up the other goals.

Adler and Towne (1990: 376-380) propose three manners of taking the decision to do or not to do something in interpersonal conflict. The first manner is win-lose problem solving in which the party gets what she/he wants while another party is not. Therefore, there will only be one satisfied party. The second manner is lose-lose in which neither side is satisfied with the decision. The third manner is win-win. It is aimed to satisfy both parties. It does not involve compromise in which one should give up something or find the most correct solution for everybody with similar problem, but it works when the individual can find the right answer to the problem.

B. Theoretical Framework

According to Erikson (2012), he believes that each stage of development focuses on overcoming a conflict. For example, the primary conflict during the adolescent

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period involves establishing a sense of personal identity. And Percy Jackson was in the stages of Identity vs. Role Confusion for 12-18 years old. In this stages he is in social relationship that he wants to know other world outside house and he started explore the social world. Percy is a teenager, in this stages also teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity.

Percy starts to know himself and who is he. It is because many things strange happened around him and he cannot control his emotion or cannot concentrate well in the class. The writer chooses this theory because his suitable for the research and Erickson (2012), gives clear explanation about children stage I range age on 12-18 years old.

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter discussed the method of the study and it will be divide into three parts. They are object of the study, approach of the study, and method of the study.

A. Object of Study

This object of this study was the main character in Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel. The subject of this thesis was Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief novel by Rick Riordan. Richard Russell Riordan Jr. better known as Rick Riordan is The New York Times bestselling American author of the Percy Jackson and Olympians series. Born on June 5, 1964, Rick Riordan grew up in Texas. The writer really like this sequel novel actually this novel comes into 5 series. Riordans as the writer successfully brought the readers into the Percy’s and friend journey. The categorized of this novel was fiction. The number of the page of the novel were 376 pages

Percy is the main character in this novel. He is a son of Poseidon, God of the ocean. He lives with his mother and stepfather. Percy never know his real father since he was a baby. It is because Poseidon left him since he was a baby. Because of Percy is a son of Poseidon, he inherit his father’s strength and ability. He isa demigod because his mother is a human and his father is a god. When he goes to school in the first time, he suffered from ADHD and Dyslexia. He can moves to

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one school and another school because of the violence, he could not concentrate, and read well. All of this can happen because he do not have complete family, he never know his father and also do not like his step father. He has bad tempered when he facing his step father. And then he really hates his father because he never know him.

B. Approach of Study

In this thesis the writer used psychological approach. It was from the critical approach by Rohrberger and Wood (1971). This critical approach is divided into five, namely formalist approach, biographical approach, socio cultural-historical approach, mythopoeic approach, and psychology approach. The reason using psychological approach, was because the researcher wanted to examine Percy’s character in the novel. He lived with his mother and his step father but he never knew his real father at the first. In psychological critics view works through the lens of psychology. Their looks either the psychological motivations of the character or of the author themselves, although the former is considered a more respectable approach. According to Freudian approach in psychology, there are three type of psychological approach. They are id (pleasure principle in the unconscious), Super ego (repository of conscience/pride that protect society), and ego (the governing agent of the unconscious that protect the individual). Freudian theory related to human behavior derives from libido/sexual energy.

1. Advantages: A useful tool for understanding some works, in which characters manifest clear psychological issues. Like the biographical

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approach, knowing something about a writer’s psychological makeup can give us insight into his work.

2. Disadvantages: Psychological criticism can turn a work into little more than a psychological case study, neglecting to view it as a piece of art. Critics sometimes attempt to diagnose long dead authors based on their works, which is perhaps not the best evidence of their psychology. Critics tend to see sex in everything, exaggerating this aspect of literature. Finally, some works do not lend themselves readily to this approach.

C. Method of Study

The method of this thesis is the writer using library studies. The researcher used the Rick Riordan’s novel as the main research and other books to support the research thesis such as, the book entitled Children Stages Development and some sources from internet.

There were two steps that the writer did. The first step was the researcher read the novel until the end to understanding the novel. Before the researcher read the novel, the researcher watched the movie first. But in the movie cannot provide accurate data that the writers needed. And then create two problem formulation. After reading the novel, the researcher read again to collect the important data from the novel. The writer highlighted and underlined the data related to the problem formulation. And the last step was analyzing the data that the researcher collected from the novel to solve the research problems

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CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS

In this chapter, the researcher discusses the characterization of Percy Jackson as the major character in the Percy Jackson and Lighting Thief novel. The discussion of this chapter is divided into two parts based on the problem formulation. The first part is the discussion of Percy Jackson characterization and the supporting characters. The second part is the reasons why he hates his real father.

A. Characterization of Percy Jackson

Percy is the main character of this novel. He is a trouble kid who always makes his school life ruin. He is twelve years old. He is a boarding student at Yancy Academy for a trouble kids in upstate New York (p.1). Percy has dyslexia and attention deficit disorder. He never makes above C- in his school life. Percy lives with his mother and his step father. He never meets his original father since a baby. His mother tell him that his father have to leave them because his father have something important to do. Because he never meet his father, he really hates his father. Percy claims that if his father never leaves him and his mother, they will have a good life. It is because Percy and his mother have to live with his step father that never really cares about his existence. Beside his background of Percy family, he has many struggles after he knows the truth about his father. The fact is Percy’s son of Poseidon. His father is a god of the sea and one of the big three god

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(p.126) and then he is a demigod (p.95). Demi god is the terms of children from human and god. Namely half-blood (p.95).

Percy livesin half-blood camp because his existence is in danger. After his mother disappear, so he must live at there. It is a big accident that happen and Percy is suspected do that. At the first he do not know the accident until Chiron tell him (p .134). He had a quest to found something valuable. Zeus’s lighting bold (p.135). It is a long journey to found it. Percy do his quest with Grover and Annabeth. They faces many hardness until Percy finds it and he meets his father at the first time.

The analysis is based on Murphy’s (1972) theory of character and personalities. As the result there were four of Percy Jackson’s characteristics found in Percy Jackson and Lighting Thiefnovel by Rick Riordan.

1. Troublesome

Percy is a troublesome kid. He is going to school at Yancy Academy, a private school for trouble kids in upstate New York (p.1). He has dyslexia and attention deficit disorder (p.7). Because he had dyslexia he could not concentrate well in class and had difficult in reading. The past life of Percy, he had moments, when his brain fallen asleep or something and the next thing he knew he had missed something, as if a puzzle piece fell out of the universe and left staring at the blank place behind it. His school counselor tell him he has ADHD. His brain can miss interpreting things (p.11). Percy cannot concentrate well but from all of

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his subject his like his Latin class at the most. He often moves from one school to another school because of his disorder and disease.

2. Caring

Everyone has their caring side.Even Percy also hashis caring side to his family and his friends. Care is kind of affection to other people. There are many cares that Percy shows to his family and friends.

Percy really cares and loves his mother. He lives with his mother and step father but his step father never treat him and his mother well. He will do anything to protect his mother from his step father because he know that his step father never treats his mother well (p.30). When Percy faces bull monster on the way to half-blood camp he tries to protect his mother but he cannot save her (p.53) and then he know the way to save his mother.

“Then, within an angry roar, the monster closed his fists around my mother’s neck, and she dissolved before my eyes, melting into light, a shimmering golden form, as if she were a holographic projection. A blinding flash, and she was simply… gone.” (p.53)

He definitely cares with his mother because she is the only one he has and he never want to lose her even he must save his mother for underworld.

Percy also cares tohis friend named Grover. When Nancy Bobofit bullyingGrover, Percy wants to take revenge to her and hit her but Grover calm him down (p.3).

“Anyway, Nancy Bobofit was throwing wads of sandwich that stuck in his curly brown hair, and she knew I couldn’t do anything back to her because I was already on probation. The headmaster had threatened me with death by

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in-school suspension if anything bad, embarrassing, or even mildly entertaining happened on this trip.”

I’m going to kill her,” I mumbled

Grover tried to calm me down. “It’s okay. I like peanut butter.” (p.3)

It is because Grover was his best friend since they are in the same elementary school He attends the same school with Percy at Yancy Academy. Percy looks him as a child who have been held back several grades. It is because his appearance different from other children.

“He must have been held back several grades, because he was the only sixth grader with acne and the start of a wispy beard on his chin. On top of all that, he was crippled. He had a note excusing him from PE (Physical Exercise) for the rest of his life because he had some kind of muscular disease in his legs (p.3)”.

. Percy also cares with other people because when he cannot find a thunder bold, people in the world are in danger so he triesto find the thunder bold and saves other people. In the camp Percy has friend name Annabeth. They become friend and partner to find the thunder bold. She is a demi god and daughter of Athena, God of wisdom and battle. Annabeth comes to the camp when she is seven years old (p.97).

“I have been here since I was seven,” she said. Every August, on the last day of summer season, you get a bead for surviving another year. I have been here longer than most of counselors, and they are all in college.”(p.97)

In the journey Percy saves Annabeth from Medusa because Medusa hates Annabeth’s mother and wants to make her become stone by looking Medusa’s eyes.

3. Responsible

He takes care of his mother (p. 31) and Grover (p.3). When he realize that his mother disappear after they are attack by bull monster, he blames himself that

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cannot protect his mother. He says, “I thought about how he had squeezed the life and rage filled me like high-octane fuel. I got both hands around one horn and I pulled back ward with all might” (p.55). And Percy livesin Half-blood camp when he lives at camp, there is a big problem in Olympic because someone steal one of biggest god important things and he is suspects as a thief. Percy knows that from Chiron, who says, “You’ll meet worst, Percy. Far worse before you done.” And Percy replies, “done…with what?” (p.134) and Chiron offer him for quest. After that he gets his quest to find the thunder bold that own by Zeus with Grover and Annabeth. During their journey to finds the thunder bold, Percy faces many hardness. For the example: Most of Minotaur wants to kill him because of his smell, Percy is son of Poseidon, god of the sea and Minotaur interesting with his smell because Annabeth says, “You are a son of one the big Thor. Your smell might be overpowering” (p.162).

Percy’s journeys is not long journey. He has to bring the lightening bold back by the summer solstice (p. 137).

“Most thinking observers would agree that thievery is not Poseidon’s style. But the Sea God it too proud to try convincing Zeus of that. Zeus has demanded that Poseidon return the bolt by the summer solstice. That’s June twenty-first, ten days from now.” (p.137)

During the journey, He faces Medusa at The Garden Gnome Emporium, Hydra at Museum, Chihuahua, Chimera, Ares and he saves his mother from underworld. Finally, Percy and friends can finish their quest to find the valuable thing that is missing before and save his mother from underworld he also saves the world.

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4. Brave

In the beginning, Percy is not brave enough. He has a school trip to Manhattan with twenty eight mental kids and two teachers on yellow school bus, heading to the Metropolitan Museum of Art to look at ancient Greek and Roman stuffs(p.2). At there, he is learning many things about ancient Greek and he really likes this major because of his Dyslexia he cannot study well except Greek and Latin (p.18). During the school trip he never gets trouble but one of his teacher asks him to talk something and says that Percy gives us problem (p.12). Suddenly his teacher become a monster with bat wing and claws and a mouth of yellow fangs (p.12). And he get a pen from Mr. Brunner and it is a bronze sword, which he always uses on tournament day. When the monster towards Percy with a murderous look in her eyes, his knee was jelly and his hands are shaking so badly (p.11). It is proof that Percy is not brave enough person at that time but the time goes and many journey pass.

Percy becomes a brave person. The first example is when he facing bull monster. Actually he cannot beat that monster but his mother encourages him to beat the monster and he do it. The second is when he fights with Medusa at the Garden Gnome Emporium Percy can beat her to save Annabeth and Grover. And the third, when he saves finishing his quest to find the valuable thing that is steal and saves his mother from underworld.

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The main character of this novel is Percy. He is twelve years old. He lives with his mother and his step father who never feel his existence. Percy never meets his father since a baby. He really hates his father. Actually he never knows about his real father but there is a quest that he must face his father. Percy gets many troubles during his school life and his miss father role in his life. It is because his father and his step father ignore him.

1. The Causes of Percy Interpersonal Conflict

According to the novel since Percy is a baby, he lives with his mother and his step father who never feels his existence. The only one his precious thing in this world is his mother, he never wants to lose her. Because Percy does not live in condition of complete family, many things happen to him and he has to deal with his conflicts relates to the truth of his father and his fate.

a. Living in Single Parent Family.

According to Erickson (1959) in child development stages, Percy is in adolescence stages which meant identity vs. role confusion. The age of this stage around 12 up to 18 years old. In the novel, Percy is 12 years old (p.1). He does not have many friends in school and he does not know how to socialize with his friends. In this stage as a teenage, Percy does not have many friends. The only friend that he has is Grover.

According to Erikson (1959), each stage of development focuses on overcoming a conflict. Percy is in teen age which ismean that teenager always curious about many things and like to join in the social community. However Percy does not have many friends because of that he does not join any social

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group. Despite that he suffers from dyslexia and could not concentrate well and hard to study. Percy is in stage of identity vs. role confusion (Erikson, 1959). Percy tries to find his identity and he still confuse of himself after he knows the truth that he is a demigod. In Percy’s life, he is lacks of parents’ role because his father leaves him since he is a baby and his step father treats him like he does not exist. He only gets parent role from his mother. Percy lives in single parent family condition and according to the Baxter et al. (2011) children living in two-parent families have better emotional outcomes than children living in one-parent families. After controlling for demographic, socioeconomic and personal characteristics, children from single-parent families continue to display lower emotional development. Percy always gets mad if his step father treats his mother like a slave (p.30).

“Between the two of us, we made my mom’s life pretty hard. The way Smelly Gabe treated her, the way he and I Got along… “(p.30)

Besides, he hates his real father because his father left him. He never knows how father’s love like every father always plays with his son. He also never gets love from his step father.

“I felt angry with at my father. Maybe it was stupid, but I resent him for going on that ocean Voyage, for not having the guts to marry my mom. He’d left us and now were stuck with Smelly Gabe”. (p.39)

This condition makes his emotional unstable and Percy has lower emotional development because he does not know how to share his feeling and what he wants. As a son, Percy needs complete parents to support for his study, his social life and his personal development but in fact his father and his step father are not

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supports him. The effect of that makes Percy always move from one school from to one another school. He becomes a troublesome kid in the school and does not have many friends. The only friends he is Grover in the school and they become best friends since a long time. Besides, his best friend, Grover is the only person who can show his fate about who is he and who is his father.

b. Dealing with His Fates and His Father

Percy never feels the feeling having a father and spending his time with father. That is why he has lost the father’s figure, even he has step father but he cannot figure it out from him. At the first he never knows that he is a demigod. When he is in the half blood camp, one of his friends there tells that Percy is a half-blood (p.94).

“Don’t you get it, Percy? You are home. This is the only safe place on earth for kids like us… I mean not human. Not totally human, anyway, half human and half god.” (p.94)

At the first, he never believes that he is a demigod, who is a half human and a half god. This is a proof that his real father is still alive. The truth that he is a demigod has brought Percy something that he really hates. He really hates his father who leaves him and his mother since he is a baby. His mother never tells Percy about his father that makes Percy believes that his father is really bad that leaves his mother and him also makes his mother stuck with his step father. When Percy has a school trip to Metropolitan Museum of art to look at ancient Greek and Roman stuff one of his teacher calls him to meet her after small accident that he never do. Percy never realizes that he is in danger because it is just a trap on him, Mrs. Dodds is a monster. She wants to kill Percy. At the end of fighting, Percy can

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defeat the monster by the pen that Mr. Brunner give to him before (p. 13). His mother notice about that and decide to send him to half-blood camp for someone like him. The accident at the museum becomes the reason that Percy attends half-blood camp for someone like him (p.40).

“I have tried to keep you as close to me as I could. My mom said they told me that was a mistake. But there’s only one other option, Percy- the place your father wanted to send you. And I just… I just can’t stand to do it.” (p.40)

After many accidents, Percy must go to half-blood camp during summer. He finds the truth about him and his father. The fact that his father is still alive and he has to head the big fate that change the world because of many things happen during the half-blood camp. Percy is accuses of the lighting thief.

In half-blood camp Percy find his truth about his father. He is a special kid because Percy is demigod but the biggest truth that his father is Poseidon, God of the sea, and one of the big important gods and also Zeus’s second brother (p.127).

“The attack that scared ever body. It sent two messages: one, that I was the son of the sea god and two, monster would stop at nothing kill me. They could even invade a camp that had always been considered safe (p. 127).” At that time Percy has a quest to find the lightening thief to make the world stable because there is a war between Zeus and Poseidon. (p. 138).

“Imagine the world in chaos, nature at war with itself, Olympians forced to choose sides between Zeus and Poseidon. Destruction. Carnage. Million dead. Western civilization turned into a battleground so big it will make the Trojan War look like a water-balloon fight (p.138).”

Finally, Percy has to face his fate to find the lightening bold and starts his journey with Grover and Annabeth. It is not an easy journey. In order to find the lighting bold Percy faces many difficulties. Percy goes to find the lightening thief

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and save his mother in underworld, he believes that his mother is still alive. He have to meet Hades in the underworld because Hades suspects Percy as lightening thief. It is becomes the first journey and dangerous for him during his life.

2. Percy Interpersonal Conflict through His Father

Most of children in this world want to spend their life with his father but for those children whodo not have complete family cannot feel a warm from father. This happened to Percy Jackson, at the first he never know his father and he get bad experience with his step father. Percy does not believe in his father. The only precious thing in his life is his mother and the hated thing is his father who leave him since his mother is pregnant. When he knows the truth about his father that he is a son of sea God. He has to accept that he is the son of Poseidon, one of important Gods. The most unpredictable is the real identity of him that he is a demigod, half human and half god. Percy has interpersonal conflict between him and his father. According to Erikson (1964), he believes that each stage of development focuses on overcoming a conflict.

a. Helping His Father

In the novel, he gets a quest to find the lightening thief and returns it by the summer solstice. That is on June twenty-first, ten days from that time (p.137). He is in conflict because Percy has to help his father to find the lightening thief but his father had ignored him for twelve years and his father needed him (p.145).

“My dad needs me. Emotions rolled around inside me like bits of glass in a kaleidoscope. I didn’t know whether to feel resentful or grateful or happy or

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angry. Poseidon had ignored me for twelve years. Now suddenly he needed me.”(p.145)

In this condition Percy has faced an intrapersonal conflict in dealing with his father. According to Gaffar and Khan (2012), intrapersonal conflict arises because of multifarious reasons within an individual. This conflict that happens within an individual indicates the presence of different ideas, opposing feelings, and activities. It causes stress, anxiety, uncertainty, hesitation, and depression. Conflict between Percy and his father happens because his father has leaves him since he is unborn. Percy really hated his father. That conflict gives bad effect of his emotion development and his social development in primary school. It is a proof that Percy does not have many friends in school and he is a trouble kid who always moved from one school to another school, he is moved six time in six years. Also his step father does not give any effect on him but makes it worst. There are several ways to handle the conflict. Kasschau (2003) proposes four types of intrapersonal conflict situation and resolution of based on its type. Those four types are avoidance-avoidance, approach-approach, approach-avoidance, and double approach-avoidance.

b. Accomplishing The Mission

Percy has accomplished his mission to find the lightening bold. He really hates to do the mission because the mission comes from his father. How Percy can do his quest if his father never meets him (p.145). It arises a conflict in him and make him hates his father more. The more he thinks about his father the he more hates him. Percy’s teacher in the camp asks for him to do quest for the sake of the world. It is because there will be many victims if he refuses the quest. The

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environment is unstable and there will be a storms, earth quakes and many bad conditions will happen. Percy decides to find the lightening bold that is stolen by someone to avoid the circumstances worst.

In this condition Percy has to deal with his conflict and helps his father otherwise he does not want to help him because of his conflict with his father. Percy avoids his feeling and anger. He wants to do the quest because of his mother and the effect of the war if he cannot find the lightening bold. Dealing with himself is not easy to him but he tries his best to overcome it and at the end he starts to think about his father.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

This chapter presents the summary of the study. It consists of three sections concerning the conclusions, the reflection of the study, and the suggestions for future researchers and ELESP lecturers and English teachers.

A. Conclusions

After analyzing the novel, the researcher found there were two points that could be concluded from this study. The first finding is the characterization of the major character Percy Jackson in the novel, and the second finding is the interpersonal conflict dealing with his father.

The character of Percy in the novel Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief is described as a special kid who always causes trouble. His characteristics are troublesome, caring, responsible and brave.

As a troublesome kid character shows when Percy always moves from one school to another school. He does not have many friends in school. His caring character is showed from the accident of bull attack while his mother wants to deliver him to half-blood camp. He has to face the truth that his mother disappear and he wants to save his mother. Percy also cares with other people when he know that western field become the battle field if he could not find the thunder bold. It is because there are many civil victims so he wants to find the lightening bold. Also Percy really cares with his friend namely Grover. When Nancy Bobofit

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bullies Grover, Percy wants to take revenge to her and wants to hit her but Grover calms him down. It is because Grover is his best friend since they are in the same elementary school. Besides he is a responsible person, it is proves when he decide his responsible to finds the thunder bold. He has to face the difficulties to find it and finally he can find the lightening thief and the thunder bold. He is also a brave person, it shows when he must fight a bull monster. The second when he is facing Medusa at the Garden Gnome Emporium. Percy can beat her to save Annabeth and Grover. And the third he accomplishing his quest to find valuable thing that is stolen and saves his mother from underworld.

Beside all the characters of Percy Jackson there are always supporting characters that always accompanies him from beginning of his journey namely Grover, Annabeth, and Luke. Grover is his best friend since he is in primary school, Annabeth is the daughter of Athena, God of wisdom and war strategy. He meets her in a half-blood camp and they becomes friends. Both Grover and Annabeth accompany Percy during the long journey to find the lightening thief. Luke is son of Hermes, God of Delivery. He is one of Percy’s friendsin the half-blood camp. Luke makes situation worst. He is the lightening thief.

Percy hates his father, because his father leaves Percy and his mother. When his father needs him to find the lightening thief suddenly he thinks that why he asks for help but he ignores him during twelve years. Maybe it is not fair for him but he realizes that the only way to save his mother and world is finding the lightening bold.

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B. Suggestions

After conducting the research, there are two suggestions. The first one is for future research. This study only analyses one character. Meanwhile there are other characters who still can be analyzed. Therefore, the future researchers may conduct the same study on the other characters.

The second suggestion is for the readers of this thesis. People with dyslexia cannot be blamed. He wants to live normal like other. It is because the researcher wants to the reader to become aware of people with dyslexia and people with single parent. People do not know how hard other people’s lives. They should not make them worse by blaming them.

C. Reflection

The major character of Percy in the novel Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief written by Rick Riordan experiences a child in single parent family life. Percy is a trouble kid who cannot study well, concentrate well, does not have many friends, and moves six times in six years. Everything is bad for him and for the study he never gets more than C-. It is because he suffers from dyslexia and ADHD. Percy lives with his mother and his step father but his step never treats him well. Percy never knows his father. He is mad at his father why he leaves him and his mother so his mother lives with his step father who treats her like a slave. He feels his life never goes well until his mother tells him about his father and also tells him about the place that his father want to send him. When he is on the way to that place accompanying by his mother and Grover, they get attacks by

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bull monster. In the accident, Percy has to lose his mother. Percy is characterized as troublesome kid, caring, responsible and brave. Those characterizations are builds from his experience being children in single parent family life and his interpersonal conflict between him and his father. Percy causes many problems in school because his step father does not pay attention on him, only his mother do. If his step father gives his attention to him and tell which is good or not, allows or not allows and do or do not to do. Percy might have good social life in school and has many friends and he will never moves from one school to another school. Children in single parent family have low mentality. It is affects their development and social lives.

Percy also has conflict with his father who leaves him since he was an infant. He is mad with him. But in an important situation his father needs him to find something steal. Percy feels guilty in his thought and heart because his father has ignore him about twelve years and his father asks for Percy’s help. He does not believeit at the first but he want to find the lightning bolt because of the humanity.

The character of Percy is the reflection of people who live in a single parent family situation. Percy just accepts the circumstances that he has at that time until he finds the truth about the reason why his father leaves him and a little bit understand the situation. When his father asks for him to find the lightening thief he a bit satisfies because his father gives attention on him. People must know how to treat children from single parent families well because they needs support to become their strength in study and social. It is because most of children who

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comes from single parent families have low mentality. Hence, people around them need to support and do not judge them. It will make them worst. They will have bad characters in the future.

The character of Percy teaches the researcher that every child must tell what they feel and people must understand the condition. It is because being children from a single parent family is not easy. The researcher cannot expect that it will give a deep pain in his heart when Percy knows the truth about his father and the reason why he should leave.

This research gives many benefits. The first is for the reader, they know the situation of the major character. This novel does not only tell about the interesting storyline but also, interesting character’s background. The readers must know how hard the major character’s life without a father and how he suffer dyslexia and ADHD. Behind the interesting story there will be an interesting character.

The second benefit is in literary field. It helps the students to criticize this novel and built critical thinking among students and teachers because every book always has something that its writer wants to convey. The book itself is an author feeling that is put on the storyline. Some author write based on their true stories as.

The third benefit is in educational field. It gives teachers ways to treat students who have dyslexia and problem with children in single parent family background. In this novel, the teacher does not pay attention to the major

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character so the teacher cannot maintain his development in school. Teachers should give attention to their students in school and have great coordination with their family to maintain situation in house. It is because teachers must know the cause of students who cannot study well and the reasons why their students cannot socialize with their friends in school.

This research gives a reflection to the researcher that people cannot choose their own family to live in. When people know that their family is not complete they have to realize that life must go on and having good behavior is important in a community. If people cannot change the situation they donot make it worst.

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REFERENCES

Berk, L. E. (2009). Child development(8th ed). New York: Pearson Education, Inc.

Erikson, E. (1959). Identity, youth, and crisis. New York: Norton.Retrieved on February 15, 2016, from http://simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson Enclyclopedia children health (2014). Single parent families. Retrieved on

November 20, 2014, from www.childrenhealth.com

Froster, E. M. (1974). Aspect of the novel and related writing. London: Edward Arnold Publisher.

Gaffar, A., & Khan, U. A. (2012). Nature of conflict and conflict management strategies. International Journal of English and Education332-340. Hocker, J. L., & Wilmot, W. W. (2011). Interpersonal conflict.(4thed.). Dubuque,

IA: W. C. Brown.

Insenhart, M. W., & Spangle, M. J. (2000). Collaborative approach to resolving conflict. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Jaffee, S. R., et al. "Life with (or without) father: The benefits of living with two biological parents depend on the father's antisocial behavior." Child development74 (January-February 2003): 109–27.

Kasschau, R. A. (2003). Understanding Psychology. Ohio: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.

LoBrutto, V. (2005). Becoming film literate: The art and craft of motion pictures. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group. Pp. 209-214.

McCollum, S. (2009). Managing conflict resolution. New York: Infobase Publishing.

Murphy, M. J. (1972). Understanding unseen: An introduction of English novel to oversees students. Oxford: George Allen & Unwin.

Riordan, R. (2005). Percy jackson and lightning thief. Jakarta:Mizan Fantasy. Roane State Education. Characterization. Retrieved on November, 2014, from

http://www.roanestate.edu/owl/elementslit.html

Rohrberger, M., & Wood, S. (1971). Reading and writing about literature. New York: Random House.

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Norton edu. Characters. Retrieved November 15, 2014, from http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fitchf/readlit/character1

Piaget. (1968). Youth crisis. Retrived on November 15, 2014, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html

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Appendix A

The Summary ofPercy Jackson and Lightening Thief

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

The novel tells about Percy Jackson life and his journey. He is the main character in the novel. The story is about an ordinary boy who has ADHD and dyslexia. He always moves from one school to another school the highest score he gets only c- and he is trouble kid. His name is Perseus Jackson or called Percy Jackson, a twelve years old boy. He lived with his mother and his step father. One day he knew that he was not ordinary boy because when he had a school trip, he got attacked by a monster who pretended to be his math teacher. The monster wanted him to put back the thing that he stole but he realized that he never stolen anything and he was saved by a pen from his Latin teacher who told the truth about him. Besides he had a best friend named Grover.

Percy and his mother lived with his step father named Gabe. He was a lazy man who always made his mother become slave. Percy was really mad with his step father but he could not do many things to stop it. His mother told about his father that his father and the reason why his father left them. Percy could not accept the unreasonable decision that his father took. One day, his mother wanted to send him to a special camp for those people who had special abilities like him. At the first, Percy did not know about his mother’s thought. When they were on their way, a bull monster attacked them and he knew that Grover is not an

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Norton edu. Characters. Retrieved November 15, 2014, from http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fitchf/readlit/character1

Piaget. (1968). Youth crisis. Retrived on November 15, 2014, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html

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45 Appendix A

The Summary ofPercy Jackson and Lightening Thief

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

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ordinary person but he was a half goat and man. From the accident his mother was disappeared. Grover took him to the half-blood camp. This camp was the safe place for person like Percy. It was because Percy was a demigod; half human and half god. At that time, he was still confused why he lived in the half-blood camp. He learnt many things at there and met many friends such as Annabeth and Luke. Until he knew the truth about his father. The truth showed that Percy was the son of Poseidon, Sea of god and one of the biggest god. Because of that, he was suspected as the lightening thief and he help his father to find the lightening thief. In his deep heart he felt his conflict between himself and his father but finally he decided it for the world and humanity.

Percy did his journey with Annabeth and Grover. Many accidents happened during his journey. He fought with Medusa, Cymera, and escape from Mrs. Dodds, fought with Ares who was god of war, and went to underworld to meet Hades and brought his mother back. All of journey finally brought him to the truth that the truly lightening thief was Luke, son of Hermes. Actually he could not believe that Luke was the thief but it was proven by Luke. He was mad with all gods and his father at the end he could return the thunder bold to Zeus.

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47 Appendix B

Biography of Rick Riordan

Richard Russell Riordan Jr. better known as Rick Riordan is The New York Times bestselling American author of the Percy Jackson and Olympians series. Born on June 5, 1964, Rick Riordan grew up in Texas. He attended the Alamo Heights High School, graduating in 1982. For higher education Rick enrolled at the University of Texas in Austin double majoring in English and history. After graduation from the university in 1986, Rick Riordan chose teaching for a career. For 15 years Rick taught English, history and Greek mythology at various middle schools in the San Francisco Bay Area and in San Antonio. In 2002, he was presented the St. Mary’s Hall’s first Master Teacher Award for his exceptional teaching services.

Rick began to enjoy writing from an early age. He made many unsuccessful attempts of publishing his short stories in teenage years. At school, Rick was appointed the editor of the high school newspaper. It was not until graduation from college and teaching in San Francisco that Riordan took writing seriously.

Riordan’s son, Haley who was diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia held a keen interest in a subject his father taught, Greek mythology. Then in the second grade, Haley would often request upon Rick to tell him stories inspired by Greek mythologies. In order to fulfill his son’s request, Riordan quickly invented the character of Percy Jackson, a twelve year boy who suddenly discovers he is the

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son of a Greek God. Riordan began a creatively crafted imaginative tale of Percy’s expedition to bring back Zeus’s lightning bolt in present day America. After Rick finished telling the story in three nights, Haley requested him to write down the story as a book. Not wanting to disappoint his son, Riordan took out time to write down the story. To show his respect and care for dyslexic children, Riordan attributed some characteristics of this disease to Percy. Thus, Riordan’s world famous Percy Jackson series came into being.

(Retrieved from: http://www.famousauthors.org/rick-riordan on 1 February 2016 at 02.39 am)

The interpersonal conflict of percy in single parent family as seen in Riordan`s Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel.

THE INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT OF PERCY

IN SINGLE PARENT FAMILY AS SEEN IN RIORDAN’S

PERCY JACKSON AND THE LIGHTNING THIEF

NOVEL

This Thesis is presented to

My God Almighty, Jesus Christ

Because of His Grace and Plans in my life

1 Corinthians 13: 13

And now abide faith, hope and love these three;

but the greatest of these is love.

This Thesis also dedicated to:

My beloved family

C.

REFERENCES

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

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AN ANALYSIS ON THE MONOMYTH THROUGH RICK RIORDAN’S PERCY JACKSON THE LIGHTNING THIEF

AN ANALYSIS ON THE MONOMYTH THROUGH RICK RIORDAN’S PERCY JACKSON: THE LIGHTNING THIEF

PERCY JACKSON`S OBSESSION AND MOTIVE TO GET HIS MOTHER BACK DESCRIBED IN RICK RIORDAN`S THE LIGHTNING THIEF.

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The struggle of a Dyslexic in facing social bad treatment as seen through Percy Jackson in Rick Riordian`s Percy Jackson and the Olympians : the lightning thief.

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Dukungan

Links

The interpersonal conflict of percy in single parent family as seen in Riordan`s Percy Jackson and Lightning Thief novel.

THE INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT OF PERCY

IN SINGLE PARENT FAMILY AS SEEN IN RIORDAN’S

PERCY JACKSON AND THE LIGHTNING THIEF

NOVEL

This Thesis is presented to

My God Almighty, Jesus Christ

Because of His Grace and Plans in my life

1 Corinthians 13: 13

And now abide faith, hope and love these three;

but the greatest of these is love.

This Thesis also dedicated to:

My beloved family

C.

REFERENCES

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

Percy Jackson and Lightening Thief

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Dokumen yang terkait

AN ANALYSIS OF PERCY JACKSONÂ’S ANGER IN RICK RIORDANÂ’S NOVEL Â“ PERCY JACKSON & THE OLYMPIANS : THE LIGHTNING THIEF Â”

AN ANALYSIS ON THE MONOMYTH THROUGH RICK RIORDAN’S PERCY JACKSON THE LIGHTNING THIEF

AN ANALYSIS ON THE MONOMYTH THROUGH RICK RIORDAN’S PERCY JACKSON: THE LIGHTNING THIEF

PERCY JACKSON`S OBSESSION AND MOTIVE TO GET HIS MOTHER BACK DESCRIBED IN RICK RIORDAN`S THE LIGHTNING THIEF.

Hero Patterns in Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson and The Olympians: The Lightning Thief.

The struggle of a Dyslexic in facing social bad treatment as seen through Percy Jackson in Rick Riordian`s Percy Jackson and the Olympians : the lightning thief.

Myth Symbols in the Movie "Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief".

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