Pengaruh Faktor Konsumen Dan Provider Terhadap Pemanfaatan Rsud Salak Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat
ABSTRAK
Pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan pada dasarnya merupakan hasil interaksi
antara pengguna jasa pelayanan (konsumen) dan penyelenggara jasa pelayanan
(provider). Pemanfaatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Salak, Kabupaten
Pakpak Bharat belum mencapai target ditinjau dari pencapaian BOR (Bed Occupancy
Rate) tahun 2014 sebesar 4,89% dan tahun 2015 sampai dengan bulan Juni sebesar
5,0% dibawah target 60-85%.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Faktor Konsumen dan
Provider terhadap Pemanfaatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Salak. Jenis penelitian
survei explanatory desain Cross-Sectional Study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan
Juli sampai dengan September 2015. Populasi adalah seluruh kepala keluarga (KK)
yang berdomisili di wilayah kerja RSUD Salak berjumlah 9.755 KK dan sampel
berjumlah 110 KK diambil dengan sistim random sampling. Data diperoleh dengan
wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda pada
pengujian α=0,05.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor konsumen, yaitu persepsi tentang
penyakit dan faktor provider (sikap petugas medis; dokter, perawat, bidan) dan
fasilitas umum kategori tidak baik. Secara statistik faktor konsumen (persepsi tentang
penyakit) dan faktor provider sikap petugas medis (dokter, perawat, bidan) dan
fasilitas umum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemanfaatan RSUD Salak. Faktor
konsumen, yaitu persepsi tentang penyakit memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap
pemanfaatan.
Disarankan kepada: (1) Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat,
mengupayakan melengkapi sarana transportasi seperti ambulans pada masing-masing
wilayah masyarakat terjauh dari lokasi RSUD Salak, yaitu perbatasan Kabupaten
Pakpak Bharat-Aceh dan Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat-Kabupaten Dairi. (2) Manajemen
RSUD Salak; (a) mengupayakan pelatihan bagi petugas medis tentang berkomunikasi
yang baik dengan pasien melalui pelatihan ”service excellent”, (b) mengupayakan
peningkatan sosialisasi tentang RSUD Salak melalui media radio, spanduk dan brosur
kepada masyarakat, (c) meningkatkan peran aktif Promosi Kesehatan Rumah Sakit
(PKRS), (d) mengupayakan peningkatan penataan fasilitas umum kamar mandi/WC
dan menyediakan fasilitas tempat ibadah yang representatif untuk digunakan.
Kata kunci : Faktor Konsumen, Provider, Pemanfaatan
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
reflects the good quality of medical services to patients
The use of health care is basically the result of interaction between service
user (consumer) and service provider. The use of RSUD (Regional General Hospital)
Salak, Pakpak Bharat District, was not optimal, viewed from the percentage of BOR
(Bed Occupancy Rate) which was only 4.89% in 2014 and until June, 2015 it was
only 5% which was far below the target of 60%-85%.
The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the factors of
consumer and provider on the use of RSUD Salak. The research was an explanatory
survey with cross sectional study design. It was conducted from June to September,
2015. The population was 9,755 families that domiciled in the working area of RSUD
Salak, and 110 of them were used as the samples, taken by using simple random
sampling technique. The data were gathered by conducting interviews and
questionnaires and analyzed by using multiple logistic regression analysis at α =
0.05.
The result of the research showed that, statistically, the factor of consumer
(perception on the sickness), the factor of provider in the attitude of medical
personnel (doctors, nurses, and midwives), and public facility had significant
influence on the use of RSUD Salak. The factor of consumer (perception on sickness)
had the most dominant influence on the use of the hospital.
It is recommended that (1) Pakpak Bharat District Administration provide the
establishment of transportation like ambulance in the areas which are far from
RSUD Salak, the borders of Pakpak Bharat District-Aceh and Pakpak Bharat
District-Dairi District. (2) The hospital management should a) provide “serviceexcellent” training for medical personnel about good communication with patients,
(b) increase socialization about the hospital through the media of radio, banners, and
brochures to the people, c) increase an active role of PKRS (Hospital Health
Promotion), and d) increase representative public facilities such as bathrooms/toilets,
and place for praying.
Keywords: Consumer Factor, Provider, Use
of hospital as health care provider cannot be separated from the efforis to
meet the needs of the patient as a consumer and the hospital as a provider. It is found
out that the number of patients who did not reutilize the facilities at H. Adam Malik
General Hospital increased from 7,9% in
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan pada dasarnya merupakan hasil interaksi
antara pengguna jasa pelayanan (konsumen) dan penyelenggara jasa pelayanan
(provider). Pemanfaatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Salak, Kabupaten
Pakpak Bharat belum mencapai target ditinjau dari pencapaian BOR (Bed Occupancy
Rate) tahun 2014 sebesar 4,89% dan tahun 2015 sampai dengan bulan Juni sebesar
5,0% dibawah target 60-85%.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Faktor Konsumen dan
Provider terhadap Pemanfaatan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Salak. Jenis penelitian
survei explanatory desain Cross-Sectional Study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan
Juli sampai dengan September 2015. Populasi adalah seluruh kepala keluarga (KK)
yang berdomisili di wilayah kerja RSUD Salak berjumlah 9.755 KK dan sampel
berjumlah 110 KK diambil dengan sistim random sampling. Data diperoleh dengan
wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda pada
pengujian α=0,05.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor konsumen, yaitu persepsi tentang
penyakit dan faktor provider (sikap petugas medis; dokter, perawat, bidan) dan
fasilitas umum kategori tidak baik. Secara statistik faktor konsumen (persepsi tentang
penyakit) dan faktor provider sikap petugas medis (dokter, perawat, bidan) dan
fasilitas umum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemanfaatan RSUD Salak. Faktor
konsumen, yaitu persepsi tentang penyakit memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap
pemanfaatan.
Disarankan kepada: (1) Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat,
mengupayakan melengkapi sarana transportasi seperti ambulans pada masing-masing
wilayah masyarakat terjauh dari lokasi RSUD Salak, yaitu perbatasan Kabupaten
Pakpak Bharat-Aceh dan Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat-Kabupaten Dairi. (2) Manajemen
RSUD Salak; (a) mengupayakan pelatihan bagi petugas medis tentang berkomunikasi
yang baik dengan pasien melalui pelatihan ”service excellent”, (b) mengupayakan
peningkatan sosialisasi tentang RSUD Salak melalui media radio, spanduk dan brosur
kepada masyarakat, (c) meningkatkan peran aktif Promosi Kesehatan Rumah Sakit
(PKRS), (d) mengupayakan peningkatan penataan fasilitas umum kamar mandi/WC
dan menyediakan fasilitas tempat ibadah yang representatif untuk digunakan.
Kata kunci : Faktor Konsumen, Provider, Pemanfaatan
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
reflects the good quality of medical services to patients
The use of health care is basically the result of interaction between service
user (consumer) and service provider. The use of RSUD (Regional General Hospital)
Salak, Pakpak Bharat District, was not optimal, viewed from the percentage of BOR
(Bed Occupancy Rate) which was only 4.89% in 2014 and until June, 2015 it was
only 5% which was far below the target of 60%-85%.
The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the factors of
consumer and provider on the use of RSUD Salak. The research was an explanatory
survey with cross sectional study design. It was conducted from June to September,
2015. The population was 9,755 families that domiciled in the working area of RSUD
Salak, and 110 of them were used as the samples, taken by using simple random
sampling technique. The data were gathered by conducting interviews and
questionnaires and analyzed by using multiple logistic regression analysis at α =
0.05.
The result of the research showed that, statistically, the factor of consumer
(perception on the sickness), the factor of provider in the attitude of medical
personnel (doctors, nurses, and midwives), and public facility had significant
influence on the use of RSUD Salak. The factor of consumer (perception on sickness)
had the most dominant influence on the use of the hospital.
It is recommended that (1) Pakpak Bharat District Administration provide the
establishment of transportation like ambulance in the areas which are far from
RSUD Salak, the borders of Pakpak Bharat District-Aceh and Pakpak Bharat
District-Dairi District. (2) The hospital management should a) provide “serviceexcellent” training for medical personnel about good communication with patients,
(b) increase socialization about the hospital through the media of radio, banners, and
brochures to the people, c) increase an active role of PKRS (Hospital Health
Promotion), and d) increase representative public facilities such as bathrooms/toilets,
and place for praying.
Keywords: Consumer Factor, Provider, Use
of hospital as health care provider cannot be separated from the efforis to
meet the needs of the patient as a consumer and the hospital as a provider. It is found
out that the number of patients who did not reutilize the facilities at H. Adam Malik
General Hospital increased from 7,9% in
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara