Potensi Pemanfaatan Steinernema sp. Isolat Lokal terhadap Penggerek Buah Kopi Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) di Laboratorium dan Lapangan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abbott, W.S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide.
J. Econ. Entomol .;18:265-267.
Adams, B.J and Nguyen, K.B. 2001. Taxonomy and Systematics. In. R. Gaugler.
Entomopathogenic Nematology. CABI Publishing, pp.1-33.
Adiroubane, D., Tamilselvi, R and Ramesh, V. 2010. Efficacy Steinernema
siamkayai against certain crop pests. J. Biopest. 3:180–185.
BBP2TP Medan. 2009. Pengembangan PHT hama penggerek buah kopi (PBKo)
Hypothenemus hampei. Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman
Perkebunan, Medan. hlm.1-44.
Benavides, P., Ǵngora, C and Bustillo, A. 2012. IPM program to control
coffeeberry borer Hypothenemus hampei, with emphasis on highly
pathogenic mixed strains of Beauveria bassiana, to overcome insecticide
resistance in Colombia, Insecticides-Advances in Integrated Pest
Management. Dr.Farzana Perveen (Ed.). http://www.intechopen.com/ [04
Juni 2013].
Bittenbender, H.C., Wright, M and Greco, E. 2013. The coffee berry borer is in
Hawai‘i; How can we manage it? University of Hawai‘i - College of
Tropical Agriculture and Human. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/site/
cbbmanage.aspx. [23 Oktober 2013].
BPS Sumut. 2011. Statistik Perdagangan Luar Negeri Sumatera Utara 2010. Badan
Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Utara. hlm. 168.
BPS Sumut. 2013. Sumatera Utara dalam Angka 2013. Badan Pusat Statistik
(BPS) Provinsi Sumatera Utara. hlm.186.
Burbano, E., Wright, M., Bright, D.E., and Vega, F.E. 2011. New record for the
coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, in Hawaii. J. Insect Sci. 11:117.
Campbell, J and Gaugler, R. 1997. Inter-spesific variatio in entomopatogenic
nematode foraging strategy: dichotomy or variation along a continuum?
Fund. & Appl. Nematol. 20:393-398.
Caroli, L., Glazer, I and Gaugler, R. 1996. Entomopathogenic nematode
iInfectivity assay: comparison of penetration rate into different hosts.
Biocont. Sci. Tech. (2):227-234.
Chaerani. 2011. Pembiakan nematoda patogen serangga (Rhabditida:
Heterorhabditis dan Steinernema) pada media semi padat. J. HPT. Tropika
11(1):69-77.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chaerani., Suryadi, Y., Priyatno, T.P., Koswanudin, D., Rahmat, U., Sujatmo,
Yusuf dan Griffin, C.T. 2007. Isolasi nematoda patogen serangga
Steinernema dan Heterorhabditis. J. HPT Tropika 7 (1):1-9.
Damon, A. 2000. A review of the biology and control of the coffee berry borer,
Hypothenemus hamperi (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Bull. Entomol. Res.
90:453–465.
Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, 1996. Baku Operasional Pengendalian Hama
Terpadu (PHT) Penggerek Buah Kopi (H. hampei). Direktorat Jenderal
Perkebunan. Balai Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan Medan. hlm.1-11.
Ditjenbun, 2011. Hypotan. Senyawa penarik hama penggerek buah kopi
Hypothenemus hampei. Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. Kementerian
Pertanian. Jakarta. http://ditjenbun.pertanian.go.id. [04 Februari 2013].
Epsky, N.D and Capinera, J.L. 1994. Invasion efficiency as a measure of efficacy
of the entomogenous nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida:
Steinernematidae). Econ. Entomol. 87(2):366-370.
Gaugler, R and Han, R. 2001. Production Technology. In. R. Gaugler.
Entomopthogenic Nematology. CABI Publishing, pp.291-312.
Hanafiah, K.A. 2005. Rancangan Percobaan Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi Ketiga. PT
Raja Grafindo Perkasa. Jakarta. hlm.1-9.
Jaramillo, J., Borgemeister, C and Baker, P. 2006. Coffee borer Hypothenemus
hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): searching for sustainable control
strategies. Review Article. Bull. Entomol. Res. 96:223-233.
Jaramillo, J., Celeita, J. J and Saenz, A. 2013. Suceptibility of Delia platura to
seven entomopathogenic nematode isolates from the Central Andes region
of Colombia Universitas. Sci. 18:2.
Kalshoven, L.G.E. 1981. The Pests of Crops in Indonesia. Revised and Translated
by P.A. Van Der Laan. P.T. Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve, Jakarta. pp.531-534.
Kamariah, Nasir, B and Panggeso, J. 2013. Efektivitas berbagai konsentrasi
nematoda entomopatogen (Steinernema sp.) terhadap mortalitas larva
Spodoptera exigua Hubner. e-J.Agrotekbis 1 (1):17-22.
Kaya, H.K and Gaugler, R. 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Ann. Rev.
Entomol. 38:181-206.
Kaya, H.K and Stock, P. 1997. Techniques in insect nematology. In. Lawrence,
A.L. (Ed.). Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. San Diego.USA.
Academic Press. pp. 282- 324.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kaya, H.K and Koppenhofer, A.M. 1999. Biology and Ecology of Insecticidal
Nematodes. In. Workshop Proceedings: Optimal Use of Insecticidal
Nematodes in Pest Managemen. Edited by S. Polavarapu. Rutgers
University. pp.1-8.
Koppenhofer, A.M. 2007. Nematodes in Field Manual of Techniques. In. L.A.
Lacey and H.K.Kaya. (Eds). Invertebrate Pathology. 2nd ed. Springer.
pp.249-264.
Koppenhofer, AM, and Fuzi, E.M. 2003. Steinernema scarabei for the control of
white grubs. Biol. Cont. 28:47-59.
Lacey, L.A and Georgis, R. 2012. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of
insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial
production. J. Nematol. 44(2):218–225.
Laila, M.S.I., Agus, N dan Saranga, A.P. 2011. Aplikasi Konsep Pengendalian
Hama Terpadu untuk Pengendalian Hama Bubuk Buah Kopi
(Hypothenemus hampei). J. Fitomedika. 7(3):162-166.
Manton, J.L, Hollingsworth, R.G and Cabos, R.Y.M. 2012. Potential of
Steinernema
carpocapsae
(Rhabditida:Steinernematidae)
against
Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) in Hawai‘i. Florida
Entomol. 95(4):1194-1197.
Miles, C., Blethen, C and Gaugler, R. 2000. Using Beneficial Nematodes for Crop
Insect Pest Control.Washington State University. A Pacific Northwest
Extension Publication.pp.1-3.
Miles, C, Blethen, C., Gaugler, R., Shapiro-Ilan, D. and Murray, T. 2012. Using
Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Crop Insect Pest Control. Washington
State University. A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication. pp.1-11.
Muthulakshmi, M., Kumar, S and Subramanian, S. 2012. Biology of
entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis sp. and Steinernema spp. J.
Biopest 5 (Supplementary):60-61.
Nugrohorini. 2012. Nematoda Entomopatogen sebagai Biokontrol Tanaman.
Monograf Nematoda Entomopatogen. UPN Jatim. hlm.1-85.
Oguzoglu, I and Ozer, N. 2007. Bioassays of entomopathogen nematode
Steinernema feltiae all type (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Tur-H2 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae).
Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem. 35(1):39-44.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pinochet, J. 1992. Breeding Bananas for Resistance Against Lesion Forming
Nematodes. In. Gome-mers FJ & Mass PWTg. (Eds.) Nematology from
Molecule to Ecosystem. Proceeding 2nd International Congress, Veldhoven,
11-17 August 1990. The Nederlands. DHW. 157-169.
Poinar, G.O. 1990. Biology and taxonomy of Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae. In. R. Gaugler and H. K. Kaya. Entomopathogenic
Nematodes in Biological Control. CRC Press, Boca Raton. Florida.pp.2361.
Prastowo, B., Karmawati, E., Rubijo, Siswanto, Indrawanto, C dan Munarso, S.J.
2010. Budidaya dan Pasca Panen Kopi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Perkebunan. hlm.1-59.
Puslit Kopi dan Kakao. 1998. Program Penelitian PHT Tanaman Kopi. Workshop
Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Pada Komoditas Kopi, 24 Februari 1998 di
Surabaya. Bagpro PHT-PR/IPM-SECP Jatim. hlm.1-9.
Rahardjo, P. 2003. Kopi Panduan Budidaya dan Pengolahan Kopi Arabika dan
Robusta. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta. hlm.1-212.
Ramlan, Nurjanani dan Sjafaruddin, M. 2010. Kajian Teknologi Pengelolaan
Hama Kopi Arabika Ramah Lingkungan. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi
Pertanian Sulawesi Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Ilmiah dan Pertemuan
Tahunan PEI dan PFI XX Komisariat Daerah Sulawesi Selatan, 27 Mei
2010. hlm. 433-441.
Rosmahani, L., Rachmawati, D., Sarwono, Soleh, M dan Jumadi. 2005.
Pengkajian aplikasi PHT untuk meningkatkan produksi dan pengaruhnya
terhadap pendapatan petani kopi arabika. Agrosains 7(2):77-85.
Saunders, J.E and Webster, J.M. 1999. Temperature effects on Heterorhabditis
megidis and Steinernema carpocapsae infectivity to Galleria mellonella. J.
Nematol. 31(3):299-304.
Sims, S.R, Downing, A.S and Pershing, J.C. 1992. Comparison for the
determination of entomogenous nematode infectivity. J. Nematol.
24(2):271-274.
Stock, P. 1993. Description of argentinian strain of Steinernema sp. (Nematoda :
Steinernematidae). Nematol. Medit. Buenos Aires 21:279-283.
Sulistyanto, D. 1999. Nematoda Entomopatogen, Steinernema spp. dan
Heterorhabditis spp. Isolat Lokal sebagai Pengendali Hayati Serangga
Hama Perkebunan. Makalah Lustrum Universitas Jember, 2 Desember
1999. Jember. hlm.1-12.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Sulistyowati, E. 1992. Hama utama tanaman kopi dan cara pengendaliannya. In.
Buku III: Bahan Pelatihan Teknik Budidaya dan Pengolahan Kopi. Pusat
Penelitian Perkebunan, Jember.
Susilo, A.W. 2008. Ketahanan tanaman kopi (Coffea spp.) terhadap hama
penggerek buah kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.). Rev. Penelitian Kopi
dan Kakao. 24(1):1-14.
Vega, F.E, Infante, F., Castillo, A and Jaramillo, J. 2009. The coffee berry borer,
Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a short
review, with recent findings and future research directions. Terrest.
Arthropod. Rev.2:129–147.
Wiryadiputra. 1994. Prospek dan kendala pengembangan jamur entomopatogenik,
Beauveria bassiana untuk pengendalian hayati hama penggerek buah kopi,
Hypothenemus hampei. Pelita Perkebunan. 10(3):92-99.
Wood, S.L and Bright Jr., D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae
(Coleoptera) Part 2: Taxonomic Index Vol.A. Great Basin Naturalist
Memoirs No.13. Brigham Young Univ Provo,Utah, 833pp.
http://www.invasive.org/browse/. [04 Juni 2013].
Zolfagharian, M., Saeedizadeh, A. Abbasipour, H., Joyandeh, A and Yazdi, A.
2014. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae
against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in laboratory
condition.
Archives
Of
Phytopathology
And
Plant
Protection.http://dx.doi.org. [29 Januari 2015].
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Abbott, W.S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide.
J. Econ. Entomol .;18:265-267.
Adams, B.J and Nguyen, K.B. 2001. Taxonomy and Systematics. In. R. Gaugler.
Entomopathogenic Nematology. CABI Publishing, pp.1-33.
Adiroubane, D., Tamilselvi, R and Ramesh, V. 2010. Efficacy Steinernema
siamkayai against certain crop pests. J. Biopest. 3:180–185.
BBP2TP Medan. 2009. Pengembangan PHT hama penggerek buah kopi (PBKo)
Hypothenemus hampei. Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman
Perkebunan, Medan. hlm.1-44.
Benavides, P., Ǵngora, C and Bustillo, A. 2012. IPM program to control
coffeeberry borer Hypothenemus hampei, with emphasis on highly
pathogenic mixed strains of Beauveria bassiana, to overcome insecticide
resistance in Colombia, Insecticides-Advances in Integrated Pest
Management. Dr.Farzana Perveen (Ed.). http://www.intechopen.com/ [04
Juni 2013].
Bittenbender, H.C., Wright, M and Greco, E. 2013. The coffee berry borer is in
Hawai‘i; How can we manage it? University of Hawai‘i - College of
Tropical Agriculture and Human. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/site/
cbbmanage.aspx. [23 Oktober 2013].
BPS Sumut. 2011. Statistik Perdagangan Luar Negeri Sumatera Utara 2010. Badan
Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Utara. hlm. 168.
BPS Sumut. 2013. Sumatera Utara dalam Angka 2013. Badan Pusat Statistik
(BPS) Provinsi Sumatera Utara. hlm.186.
Burbano, E., Wright, M., Bright, D.E., and Vega, F.E. 2011. New record for the
coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, in Hawaii. J. Insect Sci. 11:117.
Campbell, J and Gaugler, R. 1997. Inter-spesific variatio in entomopatogenic
nematode foraging strategy: dichotomy or variation along a continuum?
Fund. & Appl. Nematol. 20:393-398.
Caroli, L., Glazer, I and Gaugler, R. 1996. Entomopathogenic nematode
iInfectivity assay: comparison of penetration rate into different hosts.
Biocont. Sci. Tech. (2):227-234.
Chaerani. 2011. Pembiakan nematoda patogen serangga (Rhabditida:
Heterorhabditis dan Steinernema) pada media semi padat. J. HPT. Tropika
11(1):69-77.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chaerani., Suryadi, Y., Priyatno, T.P., Koswanudin, D., Rahmat, U., Sujatmo,
Yusuf dan Griffin, C.T. 2007. Isolasi nematoda patogen serangga
Steinernema dan Heterorhabditis. J. HPT Tropika 7 (1):1-9.
Damon, A. 2000. A review of the biology and control of the coffee berry borer,
Hypothenemus hamperi (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Bull. Entomol. Res.
90:453–465.
Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, 1996. Baku Operasional Pengendalian Hama
Terpadu (PHT) Penggerek Buah Kopi (H. hampei). Direktorat Jenderal
Perkebunan. Balai Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan Medan. hlm.1-11.
Ditjenbun, 2011. Hypotan. Senyawa penarik hama penggerek buah kopi
Hypothenemus hampei. Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. Kementerian
Pertanian. Jakarta. http://ditjenbun.pertanian.go.id. [04 Februari 2013].
Epsky, N.D and Capinera, J.L. 1994. Invasion efficiency as a measure of efficacy
of the entomogenous nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida:
Steinernematidae). Econ. Entomol. 87(2):366-370.
Gaugler, R and Han, R. 2001. Production Technology. In. R. Gaugler.
Entomopthogenic Nematology. CABI Publishing, pp.291-312.
Hanafiah, K.A. 2005. Rancangan Percobaan Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi Ketiga. PT
Raja Grafindo Perkasa. Jakarta. hlm.1-9.
Jaramillo, J., Borgemeister, C and Baker, P. 2006. Coffee borer Hypothenemus
hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): searching for sustainable control
strategies. Review Article. Bull. Entomol. Res. 96:223-233.
Jaramillo, J., Celeita, J. J and Saenz, A. 2013. Suceptibility of Delia platura to
seven entomopathogenic nematode isolates from the Central Andes region
of Colombia Universitas. Sci. 18:2.
Kalshoven, L.G.E. 1981. The Pests of Crops in Indonesia. Revised and Translated
by P.A. Van Der Laan. P.T. Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve, Jakarta. pp.531-534.
Kamariah, Nasir, B and Panggeso, J. 2013. Efektivitas berbagai konsentrasi
nematoda entomopatogen (Steinernema sp.) terhadap mortalitas larva
Spodoptera exigua Hubner. e-J.Agrotekbis 1 (1):17-22.
Kaya, H.K and Gaugler, R. 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Ann. Rev.
Entomol. 38:181-206.
Kaya, H.K and Stock, P. 1997. Techniques in insect nematology. In. Lawrence,
A.L. (Ed.). Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. San Diego.USA.
Academic Press. pp. 282- 324.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kaya, H.K and Koppenhofer, A.M. 1999. Biology and Ecology of Insecticidal
Nematodes. In. Workshop Proceedings: Optimal Use of Insecticidal
Nematodes in Pest Managemen. Edited by S. Polavarapu. Rutgers
University. pp.1-8.
Koppenhofer, A.M. 2007. Nematodes in Field Manual of Techniques. In. L.A.
Lacey and H.K.Kaya. (Eds). Invertebrate Pathology. 2nd ed. Springer.
pp.249-264.
Koppenhofer, AM, and Fuzi, E.M. 2003. Steinernema scarabei for the control of
white grubs. Biol. Cont. 28:47-59.
Lacey, L.A and Georgis, R. 2012. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of
insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial
production. J. Nematol. 44(2):218–225.
Laila, M.S.I., Agus, N dan Saranga, A.P. 2011. Aplikasi Konsep Pengendalian
Hama Terpadu untuk Pengendalian Hama Bubuk Buah Kopi
(Hypothenemus hampei). J. Fitomedika. 7(3):162-166.
Manton, J.L, Hollingsworth, R.G and Cabos, R.Y.M. 2012. Potential of
Steinernema
carpocapsae
(Rhabditida:Steinernematidae)
against
Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) in Hawai‘i. Florida
Entomol. 95(4):1194-1197.
Miles, C., Blethen, C and Gaugler, R. 2000. Using Beneficial Nematodes for Crop
Insect Pest Control.Washington State University. A Pacific Northwest
Extension Publication.pp.1-3.
Miles, C, Blethen, C., Gaugler, R., Shapiro-Ilan, D. and Murray, T. 2012. Using
Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Crop Insect Pest Control. Washington
State University. A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication. pp.1-11.
Muthulakshmi, M., Kumar, S and Subramanian, S. 2012. Biology of
entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis sp. and Steinernema spp. J.
Biopest 5 (Supplementary):60-61.
Nugrohorini. 2012. Nematoda Entomopatogen sebagai Biokontrol Tanaman.
Monograf Nematoda Entomopatogen. UPN Jatim. hlm.1-85.
Oguzoglu, I and Ozer, N. 2007. Bioassays of entomopathogen nematode
Steinernema feltiae all type (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Tur-H2 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae).
Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem. 35(1):39-44.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pinochet, J. 1992. Breeding Bananas for Resistance Against Lesion Forming
Nematodes. In. Gome-mers FJ & Mass PWTg. (Eds.) Nematology from
Molecule to Ecosystem. Proceeding 2nd International Congress, Veldhoven,
11-17 August 1990. The Nederlands. DHW. 157-169.
Poinar, G.O. 1990. Biology and taxonomy of Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae. In. R. Gaugler and H. K. Kaya. Entomopathogenic
Nematodes in Biological Control. CRC Press, Boca Raton. Florida.pp.2361.
Prastowo, B., Karmawati, E., Rubijo, Siswanto, Indrawanto, C dan Munarso, S.J.
2010. Budidaya dan Pasca Panen Kopi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Perkebunan. hlm.1-59.
Puslit Kopi dan Kakao. 1998. Program Penelitian PHT Tanaman Kopi. Workshop
Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Pada Komoditas Kopi, 24 Februari 1998 di
Surabaya. Bagpro PHT-PR/IPM-SECP Jatim. hlm.1-9.
Rahardjo, P. 2003. Kopi Panduan Budidaya dan Pengolahan Kopi Arabika dan
Robusta. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta. hlm.1-212.
Ramlan, Nurjanani dan Sjafaruddin, M. 2010. Kajian Teknologi Pengelolaan
Hama Kopi Arabika Ramah Lingkungan. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi
Pertanian Sulawesi Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Ilmiah dan Pertemuan
Tahunan PEI dan PFI XX Komisariat Daerah Sulawesi Selatan, 27 Mei
2010. hlm. 433-441.
Rosmahani, L., Rachmawati, D., Sarwono, Soleh, M dan Jumadi. 2005.
Pengkajian aplikasi PHT untuk meningkatkan produksi dan pengaruhnya
terhadap pendapatan petani kopi arabika. Agrosains 7(2):77-85.
Saunders, J.E and Webster, J.M. 1999. Temperature effects on Heterorhabditis
megidis and Steinernema carpocapsae infectivity to Galleria mellonella. J.
Nematol. 31(3):299-304.
Sims, S.R, Downing, A.S and Pershing, J.C. 1992. Comparison for the
determination of entomogenous nematode infectivity. J. Nematol.
24(2):271-274.
Stock, P. 1993. Description of argentinian strain of Steinernema sp. (Nematoda :
Steinernematidae). Nematol. Medit. Buenos Aires 21:279-283.
Sulistyanto, D. 1999. Nematoda Entomopatogen, Steinernema spp. dan
Heterorhabditis spp. Isolat Lokal sebagai Pengendali Hayati Serangga
Hama Perkebunan. Makalah Lustrum Universitas Jember, 2 Desember
1999. Jember. hlm.1-12.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Sulistyowati, E. 1992. Hama utama tanaman kopi dan cara pengendaliannya. In.
Buku III: Bahan Pelatihan Teknik Budidaya dan Pengolahan Kopi. Pusat
Penelitian Perkebunan, Jember.
Susilo, A.W. 2008. Ketahanan tanaman kopi (Coffea spp.) terhadap hama
penggerek buah kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.). Rev. Penelitian Kopi
dan Kakao. 24(1):1-14.
Vega, F.E, Infante, F., Castillo, A and Jaramillo, J. 2009. The coffee berry borer,
Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a short
review, with recent findings and future research directions. Terrest.
Arthropod. Rev.2:129–147.
Wiryadiputra. 1994. Prospek dan kendala pengembangan jamur entomopatogenik,
Beauveria bassiana untuk pengendalian hayati hama penggerek buah kopi,
Hypothenemus hampei. Pelita Perkebunan. 10(3):92-99.
Wood, S.L and Bright Jr., D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae
(Coleoptera) Part 2: Taxonomic Index Vol.A. Great Basin Naturalist
Memoirs No.13. Brigham Young Univ Provo,Utah, 833pp.
http://www.invasive.org/browse/. [04 Juni 2013].
Zolfagharian, M., Saeedizadeh, A. Abbasipour, H., Joyandeh, A and Yazdi, A.
2014. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae
against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in laboratory
condition.
Archives
Of
Phytopathology
And
Plant
Protection.http://dx.doi.org. [29 Januari 2015].
Universitas Sumatera Utara