Rabbani Muslimah Center (Arsitektur Metafora)

RABBANI MUSLIMAH CENTER (ARSITEKTUR METAFORA)

  LAPORAN PERANCANGAN TKA 490-STUDIO TUGAS AKHIR SEMESTER B TAHUN AJARAN 2012/2013

  Sebagai Persyaratan Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur Oleh

RABITA AKBARI SITOMPUL 080406040 DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2013

RABBANI MUSLIMAH CENTER (ARSITEKTUR METAFORA)

  LAPORAN PERANCANGAN TKA 490-STUDIO TUGAS AKHIR SEMESTER B TAHUN AJARAN 2012/2013

  Sebagai Persyaratan Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur Oleh

RABITA AKBARI SITOMPUL 080406040 DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2013

  

RABBANI MUSLIMAH CENTER

(ARSITEKTUR METAFORA)

Oleh

RABITA AKBARI SITOMPUL

  

080406040

Medan,

Disetujui Oleh :

  Pembimbing I Pembimbing II Wahyuni Zahrah ST, MS Ir. Dwi Lindarto H, MT NIP. 197308192000042001 NIP. 196307161998021001

Ketua Departemen Arsitektur

  

Ir. N. Vinky Rahman, MT

NIP. 196606221997021001

  

SURAT HASIL PENILAIAN PROYEK AKHIR

(SHP2A)

  Nama : Rabita Akbari Sitompul NIM : 080406040 Judul Proyek Akhir : Rabbani Muslimah Center Tema Proyek Akhir : Arsitektur Metafora Rekapitulasi Nilai :

  Nilai A B+ B C+ C D E Dengan ini mahasiswa bersangkutan dinyatakan :

  No STATUS Waktu Paraf Paraf Koordinator Pengumpulan Pembimbing Pembimbing TKA-490

  Laporan

  I II

  1 LULUS LANGSUNG

  2 LULUS MELENGKAPI

  3 PERBAIKAN TANPA SIDANG

  4 PERBAIKAN DENGAN SIDANG

  

Medan, Oktober 2013

Ketua Departemen Arsitektur Koordinator TKA-490 Ir. N. Vinky Rahman, MT Ir. Basaria Talarosha, MT NIP. 196606221997021001 NIP. 19650109195012001

KATA PENGANTAR

  i

  Alhamdulillah, puji dan syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya saya dapat menyelesaikan seluruh proses penyusunan Laporan Tugas Akhir ini sebagai persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur, Departemen Arsitektur Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  Selama proses hingga selesainya laporan ini, penulis tidak terlepas dari berbagai pihak yang turut andil dalam menyukseskannya. Oleh sebab itu, pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan rasa terima kasih yang sebesar- besarnya kepada : o

  Ibu Wahyuni Zahrah ST, MS sebagai Dosen Pembimbing I atas bimbingan, dukungan dan semangat yang sangat berarti dan selalu memberikan motivasi dari awal hingga akhir. o

  Bapak Ir. Dwi Lindarto H, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah memberikan bimbingan dan arahan kepada penulis. o

  Bapak Prof. Ir. M.Nawawiy Loebis, M.Phil. Ph.D selaku dosen penguji yang telah banyak memberikan masukan, saran, dan kritik. o Kedua orangtua saya, kakak dan adik atas dukungannya. o

  Teman-teman stambuk 2008 Arsitektur USU. Terutama Wenny, Marlina, Rizka dan Yudha yang telah membantu persiapan tugas akhir. Juga kepada Kak Ayu dan Kak Dewi yang selalu mendengarkan dan memberi saran.

  Penulis menyadari bahwa laporan ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh sebab itu, kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun sangat diharapkan untuk kelengkapan dan terwujudnya kesempurnaan sebagaimana dimaksud.

  Akhir kata, Penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun demi kesempurnaan penulisan laporan ini. Semoga laporan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua khususnya di lingkungan Departemen Arsitektur USU.

  Medan, Oktober 2013 Penulis

  ii

  13 2.2. Sejarah Rabbani .........................................................................................

  27 2.5.3. Deskripsi Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Ruang .......................................

  26 2.5.2. Deskripsi Perilaku .............................................................................

  26 2.5.1. Deskripsi Pengguna..........................................................................

  24 2.5. Tinjauan Fungsi ..........................................................................................

  22 2.4.3. Penilaian Alternatif Lokasi.................................................................

  18 2.4.2. Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi ..................................................................

  18 2.4.1. Kriteria Pemilihan Lokasi ..................................................................

  18 2.4. Lokasi ........................................................................................................

  17 2.3. Deskripsi Umum Proyek .............................................................................

  16 2.2.4. Deskripsi Tugas ................................................................................

  13 2.2.3. Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan .......................................................

  13 2.2.1. Sejarah Perusahaan .........................................................................

  12 2.1.2. Pengertian ........................................................................................

  

DAFTAR ISI

  12 2.1.1. Arti Kata............................................................................................

  12 2.1. Terminologi Judul .......................................................................................

  11 BAB II DESKRIPSI PROYEK ............................................................................

  10 1.8. Sistematika Laporan ..............................................................................

  9 1.7. Kerangka Berpikir ..................................................................................

  9 1.6. Asumsi-Asumsi ......................................................................................

  8 1.5. Batasan dan Lingkup Perencanaan .......................................................

  8 1.4. Pendekatan ..........................................................................................

  7 1.3. Masalah Perancangan ...........................................................................

  1 1.2. Maksud dan Tujuan ...............................................................................

  1 1.1. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................

  Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................. i Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................... ii Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................. vi Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................... x Abstrak .............................................................................................................. xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN .....................................................................................

  28

  2.6. Studi Banding Proyek Sejenis ....................................................................

  31 2.6.1. Prada Building, Tokyo, Japan ...........................................................

  31 2.6.2. Chanel Tower, Ginza, Japan ............................................................

  34 2.6.3. LVMH Tower, USA ...........................................................................

  36 2.6.4. The Foundation Louis Vuitton ...........................................................

  38 2.6.5. Christian Dior Building, Tokyo, Japan ...............................................

  42 2.6.6. Louis Vuitton, Tokyo, Japan..............................................................

  43 2.6.7. Rabbani Rawamangun ....................................................................

  44 2.6.8. Salma-Rumah Kecantikan dan Kebugaran Muslimah .......................

  46 2.6.9. Moz5 Salon Muslimah ......................................................................

  47 2.6.10. Kesimpulan .....................................................................................

  47 BAB III ELABORASI TEMA ...............................................................................

  48 1.1. Pengertian .............................................................................................

  48 1.1.1. Pengertian Arsitektur ...................................................................

  48 1.1.2. Pengertian Metafora ....................................................................

  49 1.1.3. Pengertian Arsitektur Metafora .....................................................

  51 1.2. Interpretasi Tema Terhadap Proyek.......................................................

  54 1.3. Studi Banding Tema Sejenis ..................................................................

  54 1.3.1. Museum of Fruit, Yamanashi, Japan ..........................................

  54 1.3.2. Notre Dame du Haut-Le Corbusier .............................................

  57

  1.3.3. The Dancing House

• – Frank O. Gehry ........................................ 60 1.3.4. Kesimpulan .................................................................................

  62 4.1. Pengantar ...................................................................................................

  63 4.2. Analisa Fisik Tapak ....................................................................................

  63 4.2.1. Analisa Lokasi ..................................................................................

  63 4.2.1.1. Gambaran Umum Kota Medan ......................................................

  64 4.2.2. Kondisi Eksisting Lahan ....................................................................

  65 4.2.3. Lokasi Tapak Dalam Lingkungan Kawasan ......................................

  65 4.2.4. Tata Guna Lahan Kawasan dan Sekitarnya ......................................

  66 4.2.5. Batas-Batas Site ...............................................................................

  67 4.3. Analisa Potensi dan Kondisi Site ................................................................

  68 4.3.1. Analisa Sirkulasi ...............................................................................

  68 4.3.2. Analisa Pencapaian ..........................................................................

  70 iii

  iv 4.3.3. Analisa View .....................................................................................

  92 4.4.7. Analisa Utilitas ..................................................................................

  6.8. Denah Basement ....................................................................................... 116

  6.7. Denah Lantai 6-7 ....................................................................................... 115

  6.6. Denah Lantai 3-5 ....................................................................................... 114

  6.5. Denah Lantai 2 .......................................................................................... 113

  6.4. Potongan Tapak ........................................................................................ 112

  6.3. Tampak Tapak .......................................................................................... 111

  6.2. Ground Plan .............................................................................................. 110

  6.1. Site Plan .................................................................................................... 109

  BAB VI Hasil Perancangan ............................................................................... 109

  5.1.Konsep Perancangan Tapak ....................................................................... 105

  5.1.2.Konsep Ruang Luar ........................................................................... 101

  5.1.1.Konsep Sirkulasi Ruang Luar ............................................................ 101

  5.1.Konsep Perancangan Tapak ....................................................................... 101

  94 BAB V KONSEP ............................................................................................... 101

  90 4.4.6. Analisa Struktur ................................................................................

  71 4.3.3.1. View Keluar ...................................................................................

  89 4.4.5. Sirkulasi ............................................................................................

  89 4.4.4. Analisa Bentuk Massa Bangunan .....................................................

  84 b) Besaran Ruang Luar ....................................................................

  84 a) Besaran Ruang Dalam .................................................................

  82 4.4.3. Besaran Ruang ................................................................................

  77 4.4.2. Analisa Jumlah Pengunjung .............................................................

  77 4.4.1. Analisa Kegiatan ...............................................................................

  76 4.4. Analisa Non Fisik ........................................................................................

  75 4.3.8. Analisa Drainase ..............................................................................

  75 4.3.7. Analisa Utilitas ..................................................................................

  74 4.3.6. Analisa Kebisingan ..........................................................................

  73 4.3.5. Analisa Vegetasi ...............................................................................

  72 4.3.4. Analisa Iklim .....................................................................................

  71 4.3.3.2. View Kedalam ...............................................................................

  6.9. Tampak Massa A ...................................................................................... 117

  6.10. Tampak Massa B dan Mesjid .................................................................. 118

  6.11. Potongan ................................................................................................. 119

  6.12. Rencana Pondasi .................................................................................... 120

  6.13. Rencana Pembalokan Basement ............................................................ 121

  6.14. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 1 ................................................................ 122

  6.15. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 3-5 ............................................................. 123

  6.16. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 6 dan Rencana Atap ................................. 124

  6.17. Rencana Elektrikal Basement .................................................................. 125

  6.18. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 1-2 .................................................................. 126

  6.19. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 3-5 .................................................................. 127

  6.20. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 6-7 .................................................................. 128

  6.21. Rencana Plumbing Basement ................................................................. 129

  6.22. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 1-2 ................................................................. 130

  6.23. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 3-5 ................................................................. 131

  6.24. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 6-7 ................................................................. 132

  6.25. Rencana AC Basement ........................................................................... 133

  6.26. Rencana AC Lantai 1-2 ........................................................................... 134

  6.27. Rencana AC Lantai 3-5 ........................................................................... 135

  6.28. Rencana AC Lantai 6-7 ........................................................................... 136

  6.29. Rencana Fire Protection Basement ......................................................... 137

  6.30. Rencana Fire Protection Lantai 1-2 ......................................................... 138

  6.31. Rencana Fire Protection Lantai 3-5 ......................................................... 139

  6.33. Detail ....................................................................................................... 143

  6.34. Perspektif ................................................................................................ 146

  6.35. Maket ...................................................................................................... 147 Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................................. xii v

  vi

  36 Gambar 2.14. Konsep Desain LVMH Tower ......................................................

  45 Gambar 2.29. Denah .........................................................................................

  44 Gambar 2.28. Detail Fasad ...............................................................................

  44 Gambar 2.27. Interior Musholla .........................................................................

  44 Gambar 2.26. Rabbani Rawamangun ...............................................................

  43 Gambar 2.25. Fasad Rabbani Rawamangun .....................................................

  43 Gambar 2.24. Suasana Interior .........................................................................

  42 Gambar 2.23. Fasad Bangunan ........................................................................

  42 Gambar 2.22. Detail Fasad ...............................................................................

  41 Gambar 2.21. Transformasi Fasad ....................................................................

  40 Gambar 2.20. Tampilan 3D ...............................................................................

  38 Gambar 2.19. Proses Pengerjaan The Foundation Louis Vuitton ......................

  38 Gambar 2.17. The Foundation Louis Vuitton .....................................................

  38 Gambar 2.16. Fasad LVMH Tower ....................................................................

  37 Gambar 2.15. Logo Dior pada LVMH Tower......................................................

  35 Gambar 2.13. LVMH Tower ...............................................................................

  

DAFTAR GAMBAR

  34 Gambar 2.12. Detail Fasad ...............................................................................

  33 Gambar 2.11. Beberapa Transformasi Fasad Chanel .......................................

  33 Gambar 2.10. Entrance .....................................................................................

  33 Gambar 2.9. Fasad yang Dibentuk oleh Struktur ...............................................

  32 Gambar 2.8. Detail Fasad .................................................................................

  32 Gambar 2.7.Interior Prada Building ...................................................................

  32 Gambar 2.6. Fasad Prada Building pada Malam Hari ........................................

  24 Gambar 2.5. Fasad Prada Building pada Siang Hari .........................................

  23 Gambar 2.4. Alternatif Lokasi C.........................................................................

  22 Gambar 2.3. Alternatif Lokasi B .........................................................................

  21 Gambar 2.2. Alternatif Lokasi A .........................................................................

  10 Gambar 2.1. Kawasan Perencanaan Kota Medan .............................................

  4 Gambar 1.2. Kerangka Berpikir .........................................................................

Gambar 1.1. Pola Persebaran Perumahan, Mesjid, Butik, Salon dan Fitness Muslimah di Kota Medan ..................................................

  45

  vii Gambar 2.30. Fasad Rumah Kecantikan Salma ................................................

  60 Gambar 3.14. The Dancing House ....................................................................

  75 Gambar 4.13. Analisa Utilitas ............................................................................

  74 Gambar 4.12. Analisa Kebisingan .....................................................................

  74 Gambar 4.11. Vegetasi Eksisting di Jl.Gagak Hitam ..........................................

  73 Gambar 4.10. Analisa Vegetasi .........................................................................

  72 Gambar 4.9. Analisa Iklim .................................................................................

  71 Gambar 4.8. Analisa View Kedalam ..................................................................

  70 Gambar 4.7. Analisa View Keluar ......................................................................

  69 Gambar 4.6. Analisa Pencapaian ......................................................................

  68 Gambar 4.5. Analisa Sirkulasi Pejalan Kaki .......................................................

  67 Gambar 4.4. Analisa Sirkulasi Kendaraan .........................................................

  63 Gambar 4.3. Analisa Batas-Batas Tapak ...........................................................

  61 Gambar 4.1. (1) Peta Wilayah Indonesia (2) Peta Wilayah Sumatera (3) Peta Wilayah Medan (4) Peta Lokasi Site ................................

  61 Gambar 3.16. Denah Nationale-Nederland Building (The Dancing House) .......

  61 Gambar 3.15. Sketsa Ide...................................................................................

  59 Gambar 3.13. Interior Notre Dame du Haut .......................................................

  46 Gambar 2.31. Interior Salma .............................................................................

  59 Gambar 3.12. Denah Notre Dame du Haut .......................................................

  58 Gambar 3.11. Berbagai Macam Interpretasi Terhadap Notre Dame du Haut.....

  58 Gambar 3.10. Potongan Notre Dame du Haut ...................................................

  58 Gambar 3.9. Tampak Selatan ...........................................................................

  57 Gambar 3.8. Tampak Utara ...............................................................................

  57 Gambar 3.7. Notre Dame du Haut .....................................................................

  56 Gambar 3.6. Display Museum of Fruit ...............................................................

  55 Gambar 3.5. Fasad Fruit Plaza dan Interiornya .................................................

  55 Gambar 3.4. Combine Methapore pada Museum of Fruit ..................................

  54 Gambar 3.3.Sifat Buah dan Bibit Ditampilkan pada Museum Ini. ......................

  54 Gambar 3.2. Site Plan .......................................................................................

  47 Gambar 3.1. Bird View Museum of Fruit ............................................................

  47 Gambar 2.33. Moz5 Bogor ................................................................................

  46 Gambar 2.32. Moz5 Bintaro ..............................................................................

  75

Gambar 4.14. Analisa Drainase.........................................................................

  76 Gambar 4.15. Jalur Drainase di Jl.Gagak Hitam ................................................

  76 Gambar 4.16. Sistem Elektrikal........................................................................... 100

Gambar 5.1. Entrance Tapak ............................................................................ 101Gambar 5.2. Konsep Ruang Luar ...................................................................... 101Gambar 5.3. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 1 ...................................................... 102Gambar 5.4. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 2 ...................................................... 103Gambar 5.5. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 3 ...................................................... 103Gambar 5.6. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 4 ...................................................... 103Gambar 5.7. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 5 ...................................................... 104Gambar 5.8. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 6 ...................................................... 104Gambar 5.9. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai 7 ...................................................... 104Gambar 5.10. Zoning Ruang Dalam Lantai Basement ..................................... 105Gambar 5.11. Metafora Mutiara pada Desain..................................................... 106Gambar 5.12. Metafora 7 Tingkatan Jannah....................................................... 106Gambar 5.13. Penerapan Sungai pada Tapak..................................................... 107Gambar 5.14. Cluster Buah pada Tapak ............................................................. 107Gambar 5.15. Green Wall pada Bangunan ......................................................... 108Gambar 5.16. Gazebo pada Tapak .................................................................... 108Gambar 6.1. Site Plan ...................................................................................... 109Gambar 6.2. Ground Plan ................................................................................ 110Gambar 6.3. Tampak Tapak ............................................................................. 111Gambar 6.5. Denah Lantai 2 ............................................................................ 113Gambar 6.6. Denah Lantai 3-5 ......................................................................... 114Gambar 6.7. Denah Lantai 6-7 ......................................................................... 115Gambar 6.8. Denah Basement ......................................................................... 116Gambar 6.9. Tampak Massa A ......................................................................... 117Gambar 6.10. Tampak Massa B dan Mesjid ..................................................... 118Gambar 6.11. Potongan ................................................................................... 119Gambar 6.12. Rencana Pondasi ...................................................................... 120Gambar 6.13. Rencana Pembalokan Basement ............................................... 121Gambar 6.14. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 1 .................................................. 122Gambar 6.15. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 3-5 ............................................... 123 viiiGambar 6.16. Rencana Pembalokan Lantai 6 dan Rencana Atap .................... 124Gambar 6.17. Rencana Elektrikal Basement .................................................... 125Gambar 6.18. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 1-2 .................................................... 126Gambar 6.19. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 3-5 .................................................... 127Gambar 6.20. Rencana Elektrikal Lantai 6-7 .................................................... 128Gambar 6.21. Rencana Plumbing Basement .................................................... 129Gambar 6.22. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 1-2 .................................................... 130Gambar 6.23. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 3-5 .................................................... 131Gambar 6.24. Rencana Plumbing Lantai 6-7 .................................................... 132Gambar 6.25. Rencana AC Basement ............................................................. 133Gambar 6.26. Rencana AC Lantai 1-2 .............................................................. 134Gambar 6.27. Rencana AC Lantai 3-5 .............................................................. 135Gambar 6.28. Rencana AC Lantai 6-7 .............................................................. 136Gambar 6.29. Rencana Fire Protection Basement ........................................... 137Gambar 6.30. Rencana Fire Protection Lantai 1-2 ............................................ 138Gambar 6.31. Rencana Fire Protection Lantai 3-5 ............................................ 139Gambar 6.32. Rencana Fire Protection Lantai 6-7 ............................................ 140Gambar 6.33. Detail ......................................................................................... 143Gambar 6.34. Perspektif ................................................................................... 146Gambar 6.35. Maket ......................................................................................... 147

  ix

  x

  28 Tabel 4.1. Analisa Pengguna dan Kegiatan .......................................................

  97 Tabel 4.11. Tabel Pencegahan Pasif Kebakaran ...............................................

  95 Tabel 4.10. Tabel Pencegahan Aktif Kebakaran ................................................

  93 Tabel 4.9. Tinjauan Penggunaan Energi ...........................................................

  91 Tabel 4.7. Tabel Struktur Bangunan ..................................................................

  90 Tabel 4.6. Jenis Sirkulasi...................................................................................

  84 Tabel 4.5. Perbandingan Bentuk Dasar Bangunan ............................................

  82 Tabel 4.4. Kebutuhan dan Besaran Ruang Dalam ............................................

  82 Tabel 4.3. Data Penduduk Perempuan di Kota Medan Umur 10-60 Tahun .......

  77 Tabel 4.2. Data Jumlah Penduduk Kota Medan ...............................................

  27 Tabel 2.6. Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Ruang .......................................................

  DAFTAR TABEL

  24 Tabel 2.5. Deskripsi Perilaku .............................................................................

  20 Tabel 2.4. Penilaian Alternatif Lokasi ................................................................

  18 Tabel 2.3. RUTRK Kota Medan .........................................................................

  16 Tabel 2.2. Kriteria Lokasi ...................................................................................

  6 Tabel 2.1. Struktur Organisasi Rabbani .............................................................

  5 Tabel 1.5. Hasil Survei Responden ...................................................................

  5 Tabel 1.4. Tabel Penduduk Perempuan di Kota Medan Berdasarkan Umur Tahun 2010 ......................................................................................

  3 Tabel 1.3. Daftar Salon, Butik dan Fitness Muslimah di Kota Medan .................

  2 Tabel 1.2. Jumlah Penduduk Kota Medan Berdasarkan Agama Tahun 2010 ....

Tabel 1.1. Jumlah Penduduk Kota Medan Menurut Kecamatan dan Jenis Kelamin Tahun 2010 ........................................................................

  97

  Abstract In recent years, muslim women in Indonesia experience rapid growth from all aspect such as education, culture, character, fashion and others. This development bring forth a lifestyle for paying attention to their beauty, fashion, health and social activities in their environment. However, this requirement has not been fully accommodated by existing facilities especially in Medan. The construction of Rabbani Muslimah Center is expected to be a space that can accommodate all the requirements of muslim women in Medan. With emphasize on the spiritual value, Rabbani Muslimah Center is a design project that uses the metaphor of jannah or paradise, so that muslim women in this building are like angel of heaven who love each other.

  Keywords : Rabbani, Muslimah Center, Metaphor, Jannah, Paradise

  xi