ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PADA MATERI OPERASI ALJABAR KELAS VIII-A MTs NEGERI NGANTRU TAHUN AJARAN 2016/2017 - Institutional Repository of IAIN Tulungagung
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Sampul Luar........................................................................................... i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ....................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan............................................................................................. iii
Halaman Pengesahan ............................................................................................ iv
Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan.................................................................. v
Halaman Motto...................................................................................................... vi
Halaman Persembahan ........................................................................................ vii
Prakata ................................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................... xi
Daftar Gambar ..................................................................................................... xii
Daftar Lampiran .................................................................................................. xiii
Abstrak ................................................................................................................ xiv
Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................xvii
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1
B. Fokus Penelitian ................................................................................. 8
C. Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................ 8
D. Kegunaan Penelitian ........................................................................... 9
E. Definisi Istilah .................................................................................... 10
F. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi ............................................................ 12
BAB II : KAJIAN PUSTAKA
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A. Hakikat Matematika ......................................................................... 14
B. Pembelajaran Matematika ................................................................ 16
C. Kesulitan Belajar Matematika .......................................................... 20
D. Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Kesulitan Belajar ...................................... 32
E. Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar ................................................. 40
F. Materi Operasi Aljabar ..................................................................... 41
G. Analisis Kesulitan pada Materi Operasi Aljabar .............................. 49
H. Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................... 53
I. Paradigma Penelitian ........................................................................ 58
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN
A. Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian....................................................... 59
B. Kehadiran Peneliti ............................................................................ 61
C. Lokasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 61
D. Data dan Sumber Data...................................................................... 62
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................... 64
F. Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 67
G. Pengecekan Keabsahan Data ............................................................ 68
H. Tahap-Tahap Penelitian.................................................................... 70
BAB IV : HASIL PENELITIAN
A. Deskripsi Data .................................................................................. 72
B. Analisis Data .................................................................................... 76
C. Temuan Penelitian ............................................................................ 106
BAB V : PEMBAHASAN
xviii
A. Tingkat Kesulitan Siswa................................................................... 110
B. Faktor-Faktor yang Menyebabkan Kesulitan Siswa ........................ 113
C. Upaya yang Dilakukan Untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan ........................ 115
BAB VI : PENUTUP
A. Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 119
B. Saran ................................................................................................ 120
DAFTAR RUJUKAN ....................................................................................... 122
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... 126
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Halaman Sampul Luar........................................................................................... i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ....................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan............................................................................................. iii
Halaman Pengesahan ............................................................................................ iv
Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan.................................................................. v
Halaman Motto...................................................................................................... vi
Halaman Persembahan ........................................................................................ vii
Prakata ................................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................... xi
Daftar Gambar ..................................................................................................... xii
Daftar Lampiran .................................................................................................. xiii
Abstrak ................................................................................................................ xiv
Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................xvii
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1
B. Fokus Penelitian ................................................................................. 8
C. Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................ 8
D. Kegunaan Penelitian ........................................................................... 9
E. Definisi Istilah .................................................................................... 10
F. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi ............................................................ 12
BAB II : KAJIAN PUSTAKA
xvii
A. Hakikat Matematika ......................................................................... 14
B. Pembelajaran Matematika ................................................................ 16
C. Kesulitan Belajar Matematika .......................................................... 20
D. Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Kesulitan Belajar ...................................... 32
E. Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar ................................................. 40
F. Materi Operasi Aljabar ..................................................................... 41
G. Analisis Kesulitan pada Materi Operasi Aljabar .............................. 49
H. Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................... 53
I. Paradigma Penelitian ........................................................................ 58
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN
A. Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian....................................................... 59
B. Kehadiran Peneliti ............................................................................ 61
C. Lokasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 61
D. Data dan Sumber Data...................................................................... 62
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................... 64
F. Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 67
G. Pengecekan Keabsahan Data ............................................................ 68
H. Tahap-Tahap Penelitian.................................................................... 70
BAB IV : HASIL PENELITIAN
A. Deskripsi Data .................................................................................. 72
B. Analisis Data .................................................................................... 76
C. Temuan Penelitian ............................................................................ 106
BAB V : PEMBAHASAN
xviii
A. Tingkat Kesulitan Siswa................................................................... 110
B. Faktor-Faktor yang Menyebabkan Kesulitan Siswa ........................ 113
C. Upaya yang Dilakukan Untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan ........................ 115
BAB VI : PENUTUP
A. Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 119
B. Saran ................................................................................................ 120
DAFTAR RUJUKAN ....................................................................................... 122
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... 126
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