Embriogenesis Somatik Dari Bunga Betina Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
40
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdullah R, Zainal A, Heng W.Y, Li L.C, Beng Y.C, Phing L.M, Sirajuddin S.A,
Ping W.Y, Joseph J.L, Jusoh S.A, Muad M.R, Huey Y.L . 2005. Immature
Embryo : A Useful Tool For Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Genetic
Transformation Studies. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN : 0717 –
3458
Ahloowalia B.S, Prakash & J. Savangikar. 2002. Low Cost Option for Tissue
Culture Technology in Developing Countries, Proceedings of a Technical
Meeting, FAO/IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 26 – 30 August 2002.
Badrun
M.
2010.
Lintasan
Sawit.ditjenbun.deptan.go.id
30
Tahun
Pengembangan
Kelapa
Bhaskaran, S. and Smith . 1990. Regeneration in Cereal Tissue Culture. Review.
Crop Sci. 30,1328-1336
Gati, E and Mariska. 1992. Pengaruh auksin dan sitokinin terhadap kalus Mentha
piperita Linn. Buletin Littri 3: 1-4.
Fatmawati A. 2008. Kajian konsentrasi BAP dan 2,4-D terhadap induksi kalus
tanaman Artemisia annua L. Secara in vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian
UNS.Surakarta
George E.T and Sherrington P.D. 1984. Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture.
England : Handbook and Directory of Commercial Laboratories. Exegetics
Limited. Eastern Press.
Guedes R.S, Silva T.L, Luis Z.G, Scherwinski – Pereira J.E. 2011. Initial
Requirements For Embryogenic Calusses Initiation In Thin Cell Layers
Explants From Immature Female Oil Palm Inflorecences. African Journal
Of Biotechnology Vol. 10 (52), pp.10774 – 10780
Fauzi Y, Yustina E.W, Imam S, Rudi H.P. 2012. Kelapa Sawit (Budi daya,
Pemanfaatan Hasil dan Limbah, Analisis Usaha dan pemasaran). Penerbit
Swadaya:Jakarta
Hariyadi P. 2010. Infosawit.http://phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id/about-purwiyatnohariyadi. Diakses tanggal 12 Desember 2012
Hartman H.T, D.E. Kester, dan F.T. Davis – Jr. 1990. Plant Propagation :
Principles and Practices. Englewood Clifts. New Jersey: Prentice – Hall
International, Inc.
40
41
Hartman H.T, D.E. Kester, dan F.T. Davis – Jr. 1997. Plant Propagation,
Principles and Practises. Sixth Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 130 – 134
40
Hutami S. 2009. Tinjauan Penggunaan Suspensi Sel Dalam Kultur In vitro. Jurnal
AgroBiogen 5(2):82 - 84
Inpuay K and Sompong T. 2012. Primary and Secondary Somatic Embryos As
Tool For The Propagation and Artificial Seed Production Of Oil Palm.
Journal of Agricultural Technology 2012 Vol. 8(2): 597-609
Jayanthi M., Mandal P.K. 2001. Plant Regeneration Through Somatic
Embriogenesis and RAPD Analysis Of Regenerated Plants In Tylophora
indica In Vitro Cell. Dev.Biol.Plant 37:576 – 580
Kanchanapoom K, Chourykaew B. 1998. Somatic Embriogenesis From Cell
Suspension Cultures of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). J.Sci.Soc.
Thailand. 241 – 250.
Kanchanapoom K, Domyoas P. 1999. The Origin and Development of Embryoids
in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Embryo.Cult.Sci.Asia,25: 195 -202
Kanchanapoom K, Songrat T. 2001. Histology Of Embryoid Development In Oil
Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cell Suspension Culture. Songklanakarin
J.sci.Technol., 2001,23(Suppl.):643 – 648
Lizawati. 2012. Induksi Kalus Embriogenik Dari Eksplan Tunas Apikal Tanaman
Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Dengan Penggunaan 2,4 – D dan TDZ.
Vol 1 No 2. Jurnal Agronomi Universitas Jambi
Lubis H. 2012. Prospek Global Pengembangan Kelapa Sawit Indonesia pada
Masa Depan. Habiblubis.wordpress.com
Maftuchah, Ardiana H.K, Joko B.S. 1998. Induksi Kalus Artemisia (Artemisia
vulgaris L) Melalui Kultur in vitro. Tropika 6 ( 2 ) : 135 – 141.
Mariani T.S, Miyake H and Takeoka Y. 1998. Changes In Surface Structure
During Direct Somatic Embriogenesis In Rice Scutellum Observed By
Scanning Electron Microscopy. Plant Production Science 1 (3):223 – 231
Martin A, Cuadrado Y, Guerra H, Gallego P, Hita O, Martin L, Dorado A,
Villalobos N. 2000.Differences in the contents of total sugars, reducing
sugars, starch and sucrose in embryogenic and non embryogenic calli from
Medicago arborea L. Plant sci. 154: 143 - 152
Pandiangan, D. 2011. Produksi Katarantin Melalui Kultur Jaringan.Penerbit
Lubuk Agung:Bandung
41
42
Perera P.P, Hocher P, Verdeil J.L, Doulbeau S, Yakandawala D.M.D, Weerakoom
L.K. 2007. Unfertilized ovary: a novel explant for coconut (Cocos nucifera
L.) somatic embryogenesis. Plant cell Rep. 26 : 21 - 28
Peterson G, R Smith. l991. Effect of abscicic acid and callus size on regeneration
of American and international rice varieties. Plant Cell Rep 10: 35-38
Purnamaningsih R. 2002. Regenerasi Tanaman Melalui Embriogenesis Somatik
Dan Beberapa Gen Yang Mengendalikannya. Buletin AgroBio 5(2):51 – 58
Rahayu, Dwi P, Mastuti R, Anna R. 2010. Kultur Kalus Sebagai Penghasil
BETALAIN Secara In Vitro. FMIPA. Universitas Brawijaya Malang.
Indonesia.
Rahayu B, Solichatun, Anggarwulan E. 2002. Pengaruh Asam 2,4 –
Diklorofenoksiasetat (2,4 – D) Terhadap Pembentukan dan Pertumbuhan
Kalus Serta Kandungan Flavonoid Kultur Kalus Acalypha indica L. FMIPA.
UNS. Surakarta. Indonesia.
Santoso D, Samanhudi, Chaidamsari.T. 2009. Kemungkinan Peningkatan
Produktivitas Kelapa Sawit Melalui Induksi Perkembangan Reproduktif:
Homologi Molekuler dari Tanaman Kakao. Menara Perkebunan, 77(2),125137.
Sharma S.D. 2005. Cryopreservation Of Somatic Embryos – An Overview. Indian
Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4, January 2005, pp 47 – 48
Sianipar N, Zulkarnain. 2007. Karakteristik secara morfologi abnormalitas embrio
somatik kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dari eksplan daun.Jurnal
Agrobigen 3(1) 32 - 39
Silveira V, Floh E, Handro W, Guerra M . 2004. Effect of plant growth regulators
on the cellular growth and levels of intracellular protein, starch and
polyamines in embryogenic suspension cultures of Pinus taeda. Plant Cell
Tissue Org. Cult. 76: 53-60.
Singh S,Tanweer B.S,Khan M. 2011. Callus induction and in vivo and in vitro
comparative study of primary metabolites of Withania somnifera. Advances
in Applied Science Research, 2011, 2 (3): 47-52
Slater A, Nigel Scott and Mark Fowler. 2002. Plant Biotechnology the Genetic
Manipulation Of Plants. Oxford University Press: New york
Stone L.J, M.C. Comb,and K. Seaton. 2002. Propagation of blue flowered
conospermum species. In A. Taji (Eds). The Importance of Plant Tissue
42
43
Culture and Biotechnology in Plant Sciences. Univ. of New England Unit,
Australia.
Sumaryono, Riyadi.I, Kasi.P.D, Ginting.G. 2008. Growth and Differentiation of
Embryogenic Callus and Somatic Embryos of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis
Jacq.) in Temporary Immersion System.Indonesian Journal of Agriculture :
109 – 114
Taji A., Prakash K., Prakash L. 2002. An Vitro Plant Breeding. Food Product
Press:New York
Thuzar. M, Vanavichit A, Tragoonrung S, Jantasuriyarat C. 2012. Recloning of
Regenerated From Elite Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cv. Tenera.
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11, pp. 14761 – 14770
Tonga I,Mulya E.B,Anna N. 2013. Respon Eksplan Biji Gaharu (Aquilaria
malaccensis Lamk.) Terhadap Pemberian 2,4-D Secara In Vitro.Jurnal USU
Utami E.S.W, Issirep S, Taryono, Endang S. 2007. Pengaruh α-Napthaleneacetic
Acid (NAA) Terhadap Embriogenesis Somatik Anggrek Bulan
Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) BI. Biodiversitas Volume 8, Nomor 4 halaman :
295 – 299
Zulkarnain.(2009). Kultur Jaringan Tanaman : Solusi Perbanyakan Tanaman Budi
Daya. Bumi Aksara. Jakarta
43
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdullah R, Zainal A, Heng W.Y, Li L.C, Beng Y.C, Phing L.M, Sirajuddin S.A,
Ping W.Y, Joseph J.L, Jusoh S.A, Muad M.R, Huey Y.L . 2005. Immature
Embryo : A Useful Tool For Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Genetic
Transformation Studies. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN : 0717 –
3458
Ahloowalia B.S, Prakash & J. Savangikar. 2002. Low Cost Option for Tissue
Culture Technology in Developing Countries, Proceedings of a Technical
Meeting, FAO/IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 26 – 30 August 2002.
Badrun
M.
2010.
Lintasan
Sawit.ditjenbun.deptan.go.id
30
Tahun
Pengembangan
Kelapa
Bhaskaran, S. and Smith . 1990. Regeneration in Cereal Tissue Culture. Review.
Crop Sci. 30,1328-1336
Gati, E and Mariska. 1992. Pengaruh auksin dan sitokinin terhadap kalus Mentha
piperita Linn. Buletin Littri 3: 1-4.
Fatmawati A. 2008. Kajian konsentrasi BAP dan 2,4-D terhadap induksi kalus
tanaman Artemisia annua L. Secara in vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian
UNS.Surakarta
George E.T and Sherrington P.D. 1984. Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture.
England : Handbook and Directory of Commercial Laboratories. Exegetics
Limited. Eastern Press.
Guedes R.S, Silva T.L, Luis Z.G, Scherwinski – Pereira J.E. 2011. Initial
Requirements For Embryogenic Calusses Initiation In Thin Cell Layers
Explants From Immature Female Oil Palm Inflorecences. African Journal
Of Biotechnology Vol. 10 (52), pp.10774 – 10780
Fauzi Y, Yustina E.W, Imam S, Rudi H.P. 2012. Kelapa Sawit (Budi daya,
Pemanfaatan Hasil dan Limbah, Analisis Usaha dan pemasaran). Penerbit
Swadaya:Jakarta
Hariyadi P. 2010. Infosawit.http://phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id/about-purwiyatnohariyadi. Diakses tanggal 12 Desember 2012
Hartman H.T, D.E. Kester, dan F.T. Davis – Jr. 1990. Plant Propagation :
Principles and Practices. Englewood Clifts. New Jersey: Prentice – Hall
International, Inc.
40
41
Hartman H.T, D.E. Kester, dan F.T. Davis – Jr. 1997. Plant Propagation,
Principles and Practises. Sixth Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 130 – 134
40
Hutami S. 2009. Tinjauan Penggunaan Suspensi Sel Dalam Kultur In vitro. Jurnal
AgroBiogen 5(2):82 - 84
Inpuay K and Sompong T. 2012. Primary and Secondary Somatic Embryos As
Tool For The Propagation and Artificial Seed Production Of Oil Palm.
Journal of Agricultural Technology 2012 Vol. 8(2): 597-609
Jayanthi M., Mandal P.K. 2001. Plant Regeneration Through Somatic
Embriogenesis and RAPD Analysis Of Regenerated Plants In Tylophora
indica In Vitro Cell. Dev.Biol.Plant 37:576 – 580
Kanchanapoom K, Chourykaew B. 1998. Somatic Embriogenesis From Cell
Suspension Cultures of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). J.Sci.Soc.
Thailand. 241 – 250.
Kanchanapoom K, Domyoas P. 1999. The Origin and Development of Embryoids
in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Embryo.Cult.Sci.Asia,25: 195 -202
Kanchanapoom K, Songrat T. 2001. Histology Of Embryoid Development In Oil
Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cell Suspension Culture. Songklanakarin
J.sci.Technol., 2001,23(Suppl.):643 – 648
Lizawati. 2012. Induksi Kalus Embriogenik Dari Eksplan Tunas Apikal Tanaman
Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Dengan Penggunaan 2,4 – D dan TDZ.
Vol 1 No 2. Jurnal Agronomi Universitas Jambi
Lubis H. 2012. Prospek Global Pengembangan Kelapa Sawit Indonesia pada
Masa Depan. Habiblubis.wordpress.com
Maftuchah, Ardiana H.K, Joko B.S. 1998. Induksi Kalus Artemisia (Artemisia
vulgaris L) Melalui Kultur in vitro. Tropika 6 ( 2 ) : 135 – 141.
Mariani T.S, Miyake H and Takeoka Y. 1998. Changes In Surface Structure
During Direct Somatic Embriogenesis In Rice Scutellum Observed By
Scanning Electron Microscopy. Plant Production Science 1 (3):223 – 231
Martin A, Cuadrado Y, Guerra H, Gallego P, Hita O, Martin L, Dorado A,
Villalobos N. 2000.Differences in the contents of total sugars, reducing
sugars, starch and sucrose in embryogenic and non embryogenic calli from
Medicago arborea L. Plant sci. 154: 143 - 152
Pandiangan, D. 2011. Produksi Katarantin Melalui Kultur Jaringan.Penerbit
Lubuk Agung:Bandung
41
42
Perera P.P, Hocher P, Verdeil J.L, Doulbeau S, Yakandawala D.M.D, Weerakoom
L.K. 2007. Unfertilized ovary: a novel explant for coconut (Cocos nucifera
L.) somatic embryogenesis. Plant cell Rep. 26 : 21 - 28
Peterson G, R Smith. l991. Effect of abscicic acid and callus size on regeneration
of American and international rice varieties. Plant Cell Rep 10: 35-38
Purnamaningsih R. 2002. Regenerasi Tanaman Melalui Embriogenesis Somatik
Dan Beberapa Gen Yang Mengendalikannya. Buletin AgroBio 5(2):51 – 58
Rahayu, Dwi P, Mastuti R, Anna R. 2010. Kultur Kalus Sebagai Penghasil
BETALAIN Secara In Vitro. FMIPA. Universitas Brawijaya Malang.
Indonesia.
Rahayu B, Solichatun, Anggarwulan E. 2002. Pengaruh Asam 2,4 –
Diklorofenoksiasetat (2,4 – D) Terhadap Pembentukan dan Pertumbuhan
Kalus Serta Kandungan Flavonoid Kultur Kalus Acalypha indica L. FMIPA.
UNS. Surakarta. Indonesia.
Santoso D, Samanhudi, Chaidamsari.T. 2009. Kemungkinan Peningkatan
Produktivitas Kelapa Sawit Melalui Induksi Perkembangan Reproduktif:
Homologi Molekuler dari Tanaman Kakao. Menara Perkebunan, 77(2),125137.
Sharma S.D. 2005. Cryopreservation Of Somatic Embryos – An Overview. Indian
Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4, January 2005, pp 47 – 48
Sianipar N, Zulkarnain. 2007. Karakteristik secara morfologi abnormalitas embrio
somatik kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dari eksplan daun.Jurnal
Agrobigen 3(1) 32 - 39
Silveira V, Floh E, Handro W, Guerra M . 2004. Effect of plant growth regulators
on the cellular growth and levels of intracellular protein, starch and
polyamines in embryogenic suspension cultures of Pinus taeda. Plant Cell
Tissue Org. Cult. 76: 53-60.
Singh S,Tanweer B.S,Khan M. 2011. Callus induction and in vivo and in vitro
comparative study of primary metabolites of Withania somnifera. Advances
in Applied Science Research, 2011, 2 (3): 47-52
Slater A, Nigel Scott and Mark Fowler. 2002. Plant Biotechnology the Genetic
Manipulation Of Plants. Oxford University Press: New york
Stone L.J, M.C. Comb,and K. Seaton. 2002. Propagation of blue flowered
conospermum species. In A. Taji (Eds). The Importance of Plant Tissue
42
43
Culture and Biotechnology in Plant Sciences. Univ. of New England Unit,
Australia.
Sumaryono, Riyadi.I, Kasi.P.D, Ginting.G. 2008. Growth and Differentiation of
Embryogenic Callus and Somatic Embryos of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis
Jacq.) in Temporary Immersion System.Indonesian Journal of Agriculture :
109 – 114
Taji A., Prakash K., Prakash L. 2002. An Vitro Plant Breeding. Food Product
Press:New York
Thuzar. M, Vanavichit A, Tragoonrung S, Jantasuriyarat C. 2012. Recloning of
Regenerated From Elite Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cv. Tenera.
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11, pp. 14761 – 14770
Tonga I,Mulya E.B,Anna N. 2013. Respon Eksplan Biji Gaharu (Aquilaria
malaccensis Lamk.) Terhadap Pemberian 2,4-D Secara In Vitro.Jurnal USU
Utami E.S.W, Issirep S, Taryono, Endang S. 2007. Pengaruh α-Napthaleneacetic
Acid (NAA) Terhadap Embriogenesis Somatik Anggrek Bulan
Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) BI. Biodiversitas Volume 8, Nomor 4 halaman :
295 – 299
Zulkarnain.(2009). Kultur Jaringan Tanaman : Solusi Perbanyakan Tanaman Budi
Daya. Bumi Aksara. Jakarta
43