Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain) Terhadap Mencit Jantan

Lampiran 1. Hasil persetujuan etik

50

Lampiran 2. Hasil identifikasi tumbuhan

51

Lampiran 3. Hasil potongan daun lidah mertua segar

Daun segar

Daun setelah dipotong

52

Lampiran 4. Gambar serbuk simplisia dan simplisia daun lidah mertua

Serbuk simplisia

Simplisia daun lidah mertua


53

Lampiran 5. Hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik simplisia daun lidah mertua
Perbesaran 10x40

1

2
3
4
5
6

Keterangan: 1 = stomata tipe parasitik
2 = fragmen epidermis bentuk poligonal
3 = berkas pengangkut dengan penebalan spiral
4 = serabut sklerenkim
5 = kutikula
6 = kristal bentuk jarum


54

Lampiran 6. Bagan kerja penelitian
Daun lidah mertua
Dicuci, ditiriskan, dipotong menjadi
bagian kecil dan ditimbang sebagai
berat basah
Dikeringkan dalam lemari pengering

Simplisia
Ditimbang berat kering
Dihaluskan
Serbuk simplisia

Karakterisasi simplisia
− Makroskopik
− Mikroskopik
− Penetapan kadar air
− Penetapan kadar sari

yang larut dalam air
− Penetapan kadar sari
yang larut dalam etanol
− Penetapan kadar abu
total
− Penetapan kadar abu
yang tidak larut dalam
asam

Skrining Fitokimia
Pemeriksaan:
-Alkaloid
-Flavonoid
-Glikosida
-Saponin
-Tanin
-Steroid/triterpenoid

Ekstraksi
Diperkolasi dengan

etanol 96%
Perkolat
Diuapkan dengan
rotary evaporator
Ekstrak kental
Diuji toksisitas akut

Hasil

55

Lampiran 7. Contoh Perhitungan Dosis
Berat badan mencit 25 g dengan dosis EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb
Dosis pemberian = 4000 mg/kg bb
= 4000 mg/1000 g x 25 g
= 100 mg
Jumlah yang diberikan pada mencit = 1% x BB
= 1% x 25 g
= 0,25 ml


56

Lampiran 8. Perhitungan pemeriksaan karakteristik serbuk simplisia
1. Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Air
Kadar air simplisia =

x 100%

No

Berat sampel (g)

Volume awal (ml)

Volume akhir (ml)

1

5,010


1,4

1,7

2

5,014

1,7

1,95

3

5,008

1,95

2,20


a. Berat sampel = 5,018 g
Volume air

= 0,3 ml

Kadar air

= 0,3 x 100% = 5,99%
5,010

b. Berat sampel = 5,014
Volume air

= 0,25 ml

Kadar air

= 0,25 x 100% = 4,99%
5,014


c. Berat sampel = 5,008
Volume air

= 0,25 ml

Kadar air

= 0,25 x 100% = 4,99%
5,008

Kadar air rata-rata

= (5,99 + 4,99 + 4,99) % = 5,32%
3

57

Lampiran 8 (Lanjutan)
2. Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air
Kadar sari =


x

100%

No

Berat sampel (g)

Berat cawan kosong (g)

Berat cawan sari (g)

1

5,012

43,092

43,281


2

5,008

47,496

47,625

3

5,011

46,204

46,375

a. Berat sampel = 5,012 g
Berat sari


= 0,189 g

Kadar sari

=

0,189 100
×
× 100% = 18,85%
5,012 20

b. Berat sampel = 5,008 g
Berat sari

= 0,129 g

Kadar sari

=

0,129 100
×
× 100% = 12,88%
5,008 20

c. Berat sampel = 5,011 g
Berat sari

= 0,171

Kadar sari

=

0,171 100
×
× 100% = 17,06%
5,011 20

Kadar sari rata-rata

= (18,85 + 12,88 + 17,06) % = 16,26%
3

58

Lampiran 8 (Lanjutan)
3. Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol
Kadar sari =

x

100%

No

Berat sampel (g)

Berat cawan kosong (g)

Berat cawan sari (g)

1

5,010

43,156

43,257

2

5,004

47,578

47,668

3

5,009

46,082

46,178

a. Berat sampel = 5,010 g
Berat sari

= 0,101 g

Kadar sari

=

0,101 100
×
× 100% = 10,08%
5,010 20

b. Berat sampel = 5,004 g
Berat sari

= 0,090 g

Kadar sari

=

0,090 100
×
× 100% = 8,99%
5,004 20

c. Berat sampel = 5,009 g
Berat sari

= 0,096 g

Kadar sari

=

0,096 100
×
× 100% = 9,58%
5,009 20

Kadar sari rata-rata

= (10,08 + 8,99 + 9,58) % = 9,55%
3

59

Lampiran 8 (Lanjutan)
4. Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu Total
Kadar abu total =

x 100%

No

Berat sampel (g)

Berat abu (g)

1

2,003

0,252

2

2,006

0,261

3

2,003

0,246

a. Berat sampel = 2,003 g
Berat abu

= 0,252 g

Kadar abu

= 0,252 x 100% = 12,58%
2,003

b. Berat sampel = 2,006g
Berat abu

= 0,261 g

Kadar abu

= 0,261 x 100% = 13,01%
2,006

c. Berat sampel = 2,003 g
Berat abu

= 0,246 g

Kadar abu

= 0,246 x 100% = 12,28%
2,003

Kadar abu total rata-rata = (12,58 + 13,01 + 12,28) % = 12,62%
3

60

Lampiran 8 (Lanjutan)
5. Perhitungan Penetapan Kadar Abu Tidak Larut Asam
Kadar abu tidak larut asam =

x 100%

No

Berat sampel (g)

Berat abu (g)

1

2,002

0,016

2

2,005

0,019

3

2,002

0,012

a. Berat sampel = 2,002 g
Berat abu

= 0,016 g

Kadar abu

= 0,016 x 100% = 0,8%
2,002

b. Berat sampel = 2,005 g
Berat abu

= 0,019 g

Kadar abu

= 0,019 x 100% = 0,95%
2,005

c. Berat sampel = 2,002 g
Berat abu

= 0,012 g

Kadar abu

= 0,012 x 100% = 0,6%
2,002

Kadar abu total rata-rata = (0,8 + 0,95 + 0,6) % = 0,78%
3

61

Lampiran 9. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan

Rotary Evaporator

Spuit dan Oral Sonde

Peralatan Bedah

62

Mikroskop

Kamera Mikroskop

Mencit

63

Lampiran 10. Uji toksisitas akut

Uji Panggung

Berjalan dengan perut

64

Lampiran 11. Hasil makroskopik organ
1. Makroskopik organ hati

CMC Na 0.5%

EEDLM 250 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 500 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 1000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 2000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb

65

Lampiran 11 (Lanjutan)
2. Makroskopik organ paru-paru

CMC Na 0.5%

EEDLM 250 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 500 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 1000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 2000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb

66

Lampiran 11 (Lanjutan)
3. Makroskopik organ jantung

CMC Na 0.5%

EEDLM 250 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 500 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 1000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 2000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb

67

Lampiran 11 (Lanjutan)
4. Makroskopik organ ginjal

CMC Na 0.5%

EEDLM 250 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 500 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 1000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 2000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb

68

Lampiran 11 (Lanjutan)
5. Makroskopik organ testis

CMC Na 0.5%

EEDLM 250 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 500 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 1000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 2000 mg/kg bb

EEDLM 4000 mg/kg bb

69

Lampiran 12. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar Serum Glutamat Piruvat Transminase
(SGPT)

70

Lampiran 13. Hasil analisis data SPSS
Berat Badan pada Minggu I
Descriptives
Minggu1
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 35.0300

1.63268

.73016

33.0028

37.0572

33.77

37.67

EEDLM 250

5 33.6700

3.20599

1.43376

29.6892

37.6508

29.73

37.62

5 34.3980

3.47938

1.55603

30.0778

38.7182

31.25

39.82

5 33.5740

2.42128

1.08283

30.5676

36.5804

30.83

36.42

5 36.4706

2.62110

1.17219

33.2161

39.7251

33.77

40.75

5 35.4140

1.18614

.53046

33.9412

36.8868

34.27

37.02

30 34.7594

2.54288

.46427

33.8099

35.7090

29.73

40.75

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Minggu1
Sum of Squares
Between Groups

df

Mean Square

30.763

5

6.153

Within Groups

156.759

24

6.532

Total

187.522

29

71

F

Sig.
.942

.472

Berat Badan pada Minggu II
Descriptives
Minggu2
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 33.3580

1.17468

.52533

31.8994

34.8166

32.07

34.85

EEDLM 250

5 34.0720

3.26291

1.45922

30.0206

38.1234

28.95

37.45

5 35.6080

3.24961

1.45327

31.5731

39.6429

32.48

40.33

5 34.2840

2.96638

1.32661

30.6007

37.9673

31.67

38.72

5 37.4260

2.55662

1.14336

34.2515

40.6005

34.65

41.48

5 34.7100

2.18309

.97631

31.9993

37.4207

31.68

37.22

30 34.9097

2.77025

.50578

33.8752

35.9441

28.95

41.48

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Minggu2
Sum of Squares
Between Groups

df

Mean Square

51.801

5

10.360

Within Groups

170.752

24

7.115

Total

222.554

29

72

F
1.456

Sig.
.241

Berat Organ Hati
Descriptives
Berat hati
95% Confidence
Interval for Mean

N
CMC Na

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum

Maximum

5

5.01260

.670469

.299843

4.18010

5.84510

4.337

5.890

5

5.83820

.626795

.280311

5.05993

6.61647

5.131

6.821

5

5.67820

.888080

.397162

4.57550

6.78090

5.108

7.255

5

5.18500

.484622

.216730

4.58326

5.78674

4.637

5.957

5

4.55768

.663150

.296570

3.73427

5.38109

3.426

5.062

5

5.38900

.434447

.194291

4.84956

5.92844

5.068

6.136

30

5.27678

.728699

.133042

5.00468

5.54888

3.426

7.255

0.5%
EEDLM 250
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM
1000 mg/kg
BB
EEDLM
2000 mg/kg
BB
EEDLM
4000 mg/kg
BB
Total

ANOVA
Berat hati
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

5.421

5

1.084

Within Groups

9.978

24

.416

15.399

29

Total

73

F
2.608

Sig.
.051

Berat Organ Paru-paru
Descriptives
Berat paru-paru
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 .55340

.123896

.055408

.39956

.70724

.450

.755

EEDLM 250

5 .56240

.063850

.028555

.48312

.64168

.469

.638

5 .54780

.037050

.016569

.50180

.59380

.519

.603

5 .62620

.054815

.024514

.55814

.69426

.589

.722

5 .52740

.058449

.026139

.45483

.59997

.466

.594

5 .64180

.065686

.029376

.56024

.72336

.546

.725

30 .57650

.078707

.014370

.54711

.60589

.450

.755

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Berat paru-paru
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

.054

5

.011

Within Groups

.126

24

.005

Total

.180

29

74

F
2.036

Sig.
.110

Berat Organ Jantung
Descriptives
Berat jantung
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 .47080

.034456

.015409

.42802

.51358

.429

.511

EEDLM 250

5 .47600

.048182

.021548

.41617

.53583

.432

.534

5 .50020

.060952

.027259

.42452

.57588

.424

.575

5 .52420

.029575

.013226

.48748

.56092

.497

.563

5 .53540

.039342

.017594

.48655

.58425

.485

.574

5 .46880

.012853

.005748

.45284

.48476

.454

.485

30 .49590

.045466

.008301

.47892

.51288

.424

.575

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Berat jantung
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

.021

5

.004

Within Groups

.039

24

.002

Total

.060

29

75

F
2.532

Sig.
.056

Berat Organ Ginjal
Descriptives
Berat ginjal
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 1.31020

.118957

.053199

1.16250

1.45790

1.133

1.420

EEDLM 250

5 1.28280

.138299

.061849

1.11108

1.45452

1.093

1.482

5 1.33840

.217340

.097198

1.06854

1.60826

1.207

1.721

5 1.18940

.065733

.029397

1.10778

1.27102

1.144

1.305

5 1.23380

.130766

.058480

1.07143

1.39617

1.041

1.368

5 1.42460

.143608

.064224

1.24629

1.60291

1.282

1.635

30 1.29653

.150853

.027542

1.24020

1.35286

1.041

1.721

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Berat ginjal
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

.170

5

.034

Within Groups

.490

24

.020

Total

.660

29

76

F
1.662

Sig.
.182

Berat Organ Testis
Descriptives
Berat testis
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean

N

Mean

Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

5 .49580

.054057

.024175

.42868

.56292

.440

.578

EEDLM 250

5 .51340

.062348

.027883

.43598

.59082

.438

.601

5 .52800

.065426

.029259

.44676

.60924

.457

.611

5 .56680

.149939

.067055

.38063

.75297

.397

.760

5 .57280

.119723

.053542

.42414

.72146

.429

.720

5 .55600

.089931

.040218

.44434

.66766

.424

.653

30 .53880

.092514

.016891

.50425

.57335

.397

.760

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

ANOVA
Berat testis
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

.024

5

.005

Within Groups

.224

24

.009

Total

.248

29

77

F

Sig.
.519

.759

Hasil Pengukuran Kadar ALT
Descriptives
Kadar ALT
95% Confidence Interval
for Mean
Std.

Std.

Lower

Upper

Deviation

Error

Bound

Bound

N

Mean

Minimum Maximum

CMC Na 0.5%

3

52.67

20.841

12.032

.90

104.44

30

71

EEDLM 250

3

59.00

16.523

9.539

17.96

100.04

42

75

3

50.00

9.000

5.196

27.64

72.36

41

59

3

54.67

8.505

4.910

33.54

75.79

45

61

3

87.33

10.504

6.064

61.24

113.43

77

98

3 112.00

17.521

10.116

68.47

155.53

95

130

26.468

6.239

56.12

82.44

30

130

mg/kg BB
EEDLM 500
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
Total

18

69.28

ANOVA
Kadar ALT
Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

Between Groups

9353.611

5

1870.722

Within Groups

2556.000

12

213.000

11909.611

17

Total

78

F
8.783

Sig.
.001

Multiple Comparisons
Kadar ALT
Tukey HSD
(I) Kelompok

(J) Kelompok

Perlakuan

Perlakuan

CMC Na 0.5%

95% Confidence
Interval
Mean Difference

Std.

(I-J)

Error

Sig.

11.916

.994

-46.36

33.69

2.667

11.916 1.000

-37.36

42.69

-2.000

11.916 1.000

-42.03

38.03

-34.667

11.916

.105

-74.69

5.36

-59.333*

11.916

.003

-99.36

-19.31

EEDLM 250 mg/kg

-6.333

Lower

Upper

Bound

Bound

BB
EEDLM 500 mg/kg
BB
EEDLM 1000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 2000
mg/kg BB
EEDLM 4000
mg/kg BB
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

79