Korelasi paparan benzene melalui pengukuran kadar trans-trans Muconic Acid (t,t-MA) dengan kadar enzim transaminase dan total protein pada pekerja SPBU Pertamina kota Medan
67
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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Disease: Role of Gluthatione Peroxidase and Glucose 6- Phosphate
degydrogenase. Jpn.J.Vet. Res.54(4): 163-173
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Bladder and Bile Duct: Biology of Disease. P.302. Taylor & Franics Group.
UK
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Sutomo, Surabaya.
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Human Service.
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Threshold limit values and biological indices. Cincinnati, USA
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effect of water contaminated with lead, phenol and benzene on liver,
kidney and colon of Albino rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 47, 885-7
Abbot, Liquid Reagents Of ALT, AST, Total Protein, Produktion Vertieb on
Chemistry technishen, United Stated, 2009
.
Avril M. (2009). Determination of urinary trans,trans-muconic acid reference
values in the general Tunisian population. Ann Biol Clin.67(2): 163-9
Bodell WJ, Pathak DN, Levay G, Ye Q, Pongracz K. 1996. Investigation of the
DNA adducts formed in B6C3F1 mice treated with benzene: Implications
for molecular dosimetry. Environ. Health Perspect. Suppl. 104:1189–
1193.
68
Bollati V, Baccarelli A, Hou L, 2007. Changes in DNA Methylation Patterns
in Subjects Exposed to low Dose Benzene. Cancer Res. 67: 876-880
Bratton SB, Lau SS, and Monks, TJ. 2000. The putative benzene metabolites
2,3,5 tri(glutathion-S-y)hydroquinone deplets glutathione, stimulates
sphingomyelin turnover, and induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Chem. Res.
In Toxicol. 13(7):550–556.
Chen M, Chan A. 1999, “China’s “Market Economics in command” Footwear
Workers Health in Jeopardy”, International Journal of Health Services,
Volume 29, Number 4, Pages 793–811,
Chilcott RP(2007). Toxicological overview. Health Protection Agency, 1-14
Creek MR, Mani V, Voget JS, and Turteltaub KW. 1997. Tissue distribution
and macromolecular binding of extremely low dose of [14C]-benzene in
B6C3F1 mice. Carcinogenesis 18(12):2421–2427.
Dere E, Ari F. 2009. Effect of benzene on liver functions in rats (rattus
norvegius), Environ Monit Asess 154: 23-27
Dere E, Gyborova S, Aydin H (2003). The effect of benzene on serum
hormones and the activity of some enzymes in different tissues of rats.
Acta Veterinaria(Beograd),53(2), 87-101.
Ducos P. Gaudin R, Bel J, Maire C, Francin JM, Robert A, Wild P. 1992.
trans,trans-Muconic acid, a Reliable Biological Indicator for the Detection of Individual
Benzene Exposure Down to the PPM Level. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ.
Health. 64(5):309-313.
Direktorat Pemasaran dan Niaga PERTAMINA. Material Safety Data Sheet.
Jakarta: PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO). 2007: 1-9
Egeghy PP, Tornero-Velez R, Rappaport SM 2000. Environmental and Biological
Monitoring of Benzene during Self-Service Automobile Refueling. Environ.
Health Perspect. 108(12):1195-1202.
Environmental Protection Agency. 1998, Carcinogenic effects of benzenes
(An Update). U.S.A Environmental Protection Agency
69
Fatonah YI, 2010, Analisis risiko pajanan benzene pada pekerja bengkel
sepatu X dikawasan perkampungan industri kecil (PIK) Pulogadung
Jakarta Timur FKM Program Pasca Sarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
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P450 in benzene metabolism and involvement of their metabolites and
reactive oxygen species in toxicity. Environ Health Persp;104(6):12111218.
Guyton A & Hall J. 2002. Buku Ajar Fisiologi Kedokteran, EGC, Jakarta,
1103-1107
Hamilton, R.J, Phillips,S.D, McCluskey, G.J. 2003, Occupational, Industrial,
and Environmental Toxicology, 2nd.ed., Mosby Inc, Pensylvania, U.S.A.
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Improvement Project. Jakarta. Bappenas.
Hedli CC, Hoffmann MJ, Ji S, Thomas PE, Snyder R. 1997, Benzene
metabolism in the isolated perfused muose liver. Toxicol.Appl. Pharmacol.
146(1): 60-68.
Hegazy, R. M., & Kamel, H. F. M. (2014). Oxidant Hepatic & / or Haem .
Injury on Fuel-Station Workers Exposed to Benzene Vapor , Possible
Protection of Antioxidants. American Journal of Medicine and Medical
Sciences, 4(2), 35–46. doi:10.5923/j.ajmms.20140402.01
Hetiny M, 2011, Karya Tulis Ilmiah Pengaruh Benzene dalam bensin,
file:///C:/Users/User /Desktop/ BENZENE/ hetinymuthia% KARYA
ILMIAH
PENGARUH
BENZENA%20DALAM%20BENSIN.htm.
diakses 13 Desember 2013.
Hoet P, De Smedt E, Ferrari M, et al (2009). Evaluation of urinary biomarkers
of exposure to benzene: correlation with blood benzene and influence of
confounding factors.Int Arch Occup Environ Hlth, 82,985-95
70
International Programme for Chemical Safety (IPCS). 2000. Principles for
Modelling Dose Response for the risk Asseeement of Chemical: Human
Exposure Assesment. World Health Organization.
Juan Z, LiHong Y, GeYu L, et al(2010). Detection of CYP2E1, a genetic
biomarker of susceptibility to benzene metabolism toxicity in immortal
human lymphocytes derived from the han chinese population. Biomed
Environ Sci, 24(3),300-309
Kim S, Lan Q, Waidyanatha S, et al(2007). Genetic polymorphisms and
benzene metabolism in humans exposed to a wide range of air
concentration. Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 17, 789-799
Klein S. Protein-energy malnutrition. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil
Medicine, 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 222.
Krewski, D.,Snyder, R.,Beatty, P.,Granville G.,Meek B.,Sonawane, B.
(2000)Assesing the Health Risk Of Benzena.: A Report On The Benzene
State-of The Science Workshop. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental
Health, Part A: Current Issues, 61(5-6), 307-338.doi:
Landry DW, Bazari H. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In;
Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24 th ed.Philadelphia, Pa:
Saunders Elsevier;2011:chap 116.
Lee E, Im H, Oh E, Jung WW, Kang HS, Sul D. 2005. DNA Damage in T and
B Lymphocytes, Bone Marrow, Spleens, and Livers of Rats Exposed to
Benzene Inhalation. Inhal Toxicol., 17(7-8):401–408.
Li, G, Wang C, Xin W, Yin S. 1996. Tissue distribution of DNA adducts and
their persistence in blood of mice exposed to benzene. Environ. Health.
Perspect. 104(6):1337–1338.
Liu J, Drane W, Liu X, and Wu T. 2009. Examination of the Relationships
between Environmental Exposures to Volatile Organic Compounds and
Biochemical Liver Tests: Apllication of Canonical Correlation Analysis.
Environ Res. 109(2):192-199
Liu L, Zhang Q, Feng J. 1996. Urine level of trans-Muconic Acid Used as an
Index of internal Dose of Exposure to Benzene. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi
Xue Za Zhi. 30(3):148-150.
71
Lindstrom AB, Yeowell-O’Connell K, Waidyanatha S, Mcdonald TA,
Rappaport SM. 1999. Investigation of benzene oxide in bone marrow and
other tissue of F344 rats following metabolism of benzene in vitro and
vivo. Chem. Biol. Interact. 122:41–58.
Lu CF, Toksikologi Dasar, Ed 2, UI Press, 1995: 206-220
Mahawati E, Suhartono, Nurjazuli. 2006. Hubungan antara kadar fenol dalam
urine dengan kadar Hb, Eritrosit, Trombosit dan Leukosit (Studi pada
tenaga kerja di industri Karoseri CV Laksana Semarang), J Kesehat.
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Maria K, 2012, Validasi metode LC-MS/MS untuk penentuan senyawa asam
trans,trans mukonat, asam hippurat, asam 2-metil hippurat, asam 3hippurat, asam 4-metil hippurat dalam urine sebagai biomarker paparan
benzene, toluena dan xilena: skripsi program studi kimia fakultas
matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam, Universitas Indonesia, Depok.
Mark AD & Reddy GK. 2013, Health consequences among subjects involves
in crude oil spill clean-up activities, The amer. Jour. Med. 126(11):966974.
Material Safety Data Sheet. 2007. Gasoline All Grades. HESS Company.
Melikian AA, Qu Q, Shore R, et al (2002). Personal exposure to different
levels of benzene and its relationship to the urinary metabolites Sphenylmercapturic acid and trans,trans-muconic acid. J Chromatogr B
Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,778,211-21
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Indonesia.
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UK
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effect of water contaminated with lead, phenol and benzene on liver,
kidney and colon of Albino rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 47, 885-7
Abbot, Liquid Reagents Of ALT, AST, Total Protein, Produktion Vertieb on
Chemistry technishen, United Stated, 2009
.
Avril M. (2009). Determination of urinary trans,trans-muconic acid reference
values in the general Tunisian population. Ann Biol Clin.67(2): 163-9
Bodell WJ, Pathak DN, Levay G, Ye Q, Pongracz K. 1996. Investigation of the
DNA adducts formed in B6C3F1 mice treated with benzene: Implications
for molecular dosimetry. Environ. Health Perspect. Suppl. 104:1189–
1193.
68
Bollati V, Baccarelli A, Hou L, 2007. Changes in DNA Methylation Patterns
in Subjects Exposed to low Dose Benzene. Cancer Res. 67: 876-880
Bratton SB, Lau SS, and Monks, TJ. 2000. The putative benzene metabolites
2,3,5 tri(glutathion-S-y)hydroquinone deplets glutathione, stimulates
sphingomyelin turnover, and induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Chem. Res.
In Toxicol. 13(7):550–556.
Chen M, Chan A. 1999, “China’s “Market Economics in command” Footwear
Workers Health in Jeopardy”, International Journal of Health Services,
Volume 29, Number 4, Pages 793–811,
Chilcott RP(2007). Toxicological overview. Health Protection Agency, 1-14
Creek MR, Mani V, Voget JS, and Turteltaub KW. 1997. Tissue distribution
and macromolecular binding of extremely low dose of [14C]-benzene in
B6C3F1 mice. Carcinogenesis 18(12):2421–2427.
Dere E, Ari F. 2009. Effect of benzene on liver functions in rats (rattus
norvegius), Environ Monit Asess 154: 23-27
Dere E, Gyborova S, Aydin H (2003). The effect of benzene on serum
hormones and the activity of some enzymes in different tissues of rats.
Acta Veterinaria(Beograd),53(2), 87-101.
Ducos P. Gaudin R, Bel J, Maire C, Francin JM, Robert A, Wild P. 1992.
trans,trans-Muconic acid, a Reliable Biological Indicator for the Detection of Individual
Benzene Exposure Down to the PPM Level. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ.
Health. 64(5):309-313.
Direktorat Pemasaran dan Niaga PERTAMINA. Material Safety Data Sheet.
Jakarta: PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO). 2007: 1-9
Egeghy PP, Tornero-Velez R, Rappaport SM 2000. Environmental and Biological
Monitoring of Benzene during Self-Service Automobile Refueling. Environ.
Health Perspect. 108(12):1195-1202.
Environmental Protection Agency. 1998, Carcinogenic effects of benzenes
(An Update). U.S.A Environmental Protection Agency
69
Fatonah YI, 2010, Analisis risiko pajanan benzene pada pekerja bengkel
sepatu X dikawasan perkampungan industri kecil (PIK) Pulogadung
Jakarta Timur FKM Program Pasca Sarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
UI.
Fessenden, R & Fessenden J. 1991. Kimia Organik. Edisi ketiga, Penerbit
Erlangga, Jakarta.
Gut I, Nedelcheva V, Soucek P, Stopka P., Tichavska B. 1996. Cytochromes
P450 in benzene metabolism and involvement of their metabolites and
reactive oxygen species in toxicity. Environ Health Persp;104(6):12111218.
Guyton A & Hall J. 2002. Buku Ajar Fisiologi Kedokteran, EGC, Jakarta,
1103-1107
Hamilton, R.J, Phillips,S.D, McCluskey, G.J. 2003, Occupational, Industrial,
and Environmental Toxicology, 2nd.ed., Mosby Inc, Pensylvania, U.S.A.
Haryanto B. 2005. Dampak Kesehatan Pencemaran Udara. Urbant Air Quality
Improvement Project. Jakarta. Bappenas.
Hedli CC, Hoffmann MJ, Ji S, Thomas PE, Snyder R. 1997, Benzene
metabolism in the isolated perfused muose liver. Toxicol.Appl. Pharmacol.
146(1): 60-68.
Hegazy, R. M., & Kamel, H. F. M. (2014). Oxidant Hepatic & / or Haem .
Injury on Fuel-Station Workers Exposed to Benzene Vapor , Possible
Protection of Antioxidants. American Journal of Medicine and Medical
Sciences, 4(2), 35–46. doi:10.5923/j.ajmms.20140402.01
Hetiny M, 2011, Karya Tulis Ilmiah Pengaruh Benzene dalam bensin,
file:///C:/Users/User /Desktop/ BENZENE/ hetinymuthia% KARYA
ILMIAH
PENGARUH
BENZENA%20DALAM%20BENSIN.htm.
diakses 13 Desember 2013.
Hoet P, De Smedt E, Ferrari M, et al (2009). Evaluation of urinary biomarkers
of exposure to benzene: correlation with blood benzene and influence of
confounding factors.Int Arch Occup Environ Hlth, 82,985-95
70
International Programme for Chemical Safety (IPCS). 2000. Principles for
Modelling Dose Response for the risk Asseeement of Chemical: Human
Exposure Assesment. World Health Organization.
Juan Z, LiHong Y, GeYu L, et al(2010). Detection of CYP2E1, a genetic
biomarker of susceptibility to benzene metabolism toxicity in immortal
human lymphocytes derived from the han chinese population. Biomed
Environ Sci, 24(3),300-309
Kim S, Lan Q, Waidyanatha S, et al(2007). Genetic polymorphisms and
benzene metabolism in humans exposed to a wide range of air
concentration. Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 17, 789-799
Klein S. Protein-energy malnutrition. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil
Medicine, 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 222.
Krewski, D.,Snyder, R.,Beatty, P.,Granville G.,Meek B.,Sonawane, B.
(2000)Assesing the Health Risk Of Benzena.: A Report On The Benzene
State-of The Science Workshop. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental
Health, Part A: Current Issues, 61(5-6), 307-338.doi:
Landry DW, Bazari H. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In;
Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24 th ed.Philadelphia, Pa:
Saunders Elsevier;2011:chap 116.
Lee E, Im H, Oh E, Jung WW, Kang HS, Sul D. 2005. DNA Damage in T and
B Lymphocytes, Bone Marrow, Spleens, and Livers of Rats Exposed to
Benzene Inhalation. Inhal Toxicol., 17(7-8):401–408.
Li, G, Wang C, Xin W, Yin S. 1996. Tissue distribution of DNA adducts and
their persistence in blood of mice exposed to benzene. Environ. Health.
Perspect. 104(6):1337–1338.
Liu J, Drane W, Liu X, and Wu T. 2009. Examination of the Relationships
between Environmental Exposures to Volatile Organic Compounds and
Biochemical Liver Tests: Apllication of Canonical Correlation Analysis.
Environ Res. 109(2):192-199
Liu L, Zhang Q, Feng J. 1996. Urine level of trans-Muconic Acid Used as an
Index of internal Dose of Exposure to Benzene. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi
Xue Za Zhi. 30(3):148-150.
71
Lindstrom AB, Yeowell-O’Connell K, Waidyanatha S, Mcdonald TA,
Rappaport SM. 1999. Investigation of benzene oxide in bone marrow and
other tissue of F344 rats following metabolism of benzene in vitro and
vivo. Chem. Biol. Interact. 122:41–58.
Lu CF, Toksikologi Dasar, Ed 2, UI Press, 1995: 206-220
Mahawati E, Suhartono, Nurjazuli. 2006. Hubungan antara kadar fenol dalam
urine dengan kadar Hb, Eritrosit, Trombosit dan Leukosit (Studi pada
tenaga kerja di industri Karoseri CV Laksana Semarang), J Kesehat.
Lingkung. Indones. 5(1).
Maria K, 2012, Validasi metode LC-MS/MS untuk penentuan senyawa asam
trans,trans mukonat, asam hippurat, asam 2-metil hippurat, asam 3hippurat, asam 4-metil hippurat dalam urine sebagai biomarker paparan
benzene, toluena dan xilena: skripsi program studi kimia fakultas
matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam, Universitas Indonesia, Depok.
Mark AD & Reddy GK. 2013, Health consequences among subjects involves
in crude oil spill clean-up activities, The amer. Jour. Med. 126(11):966974.
Material Safety Data Sheet. 2007. Gasoline All Grades. HESS Company.
Melikian AA, Qu Q, Shore R, et al (2002). Personal exposure to different
levels of benzene and its relationship to the urinary metabolites Sphenylmercapturic acid and trans,trans-muconic acid. J Chromatogr B
Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,778,211-21
Moran JL, Siegel D, Sum XM, Ross D. 1996. Induction of apoptosis by
benzene metabolites in HL60 and CD34+ human bone marrow progenitor
cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 50(3):610–615.
National Institure for Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH). 2005.
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Departement of Health and
Human Service. Centers for Diases Control and Prevention. National
Institure for Occupational Health and Safety. Cincinnati, USA.
Piccoli et al, 2010: In vivo CYP2E1 phenotyping as a new potential
biomarker of occupational and experimental exposure to benzene,
Toxicology Letters 192(1): 29-33
72
Price SA, Wilson LM, Patologi sel dalam : patofisiologi EGC, Jakarta 1995:
25 - 82
Pudyoko S, 2010 Hubungan Pajanan Benzene Dengan Kadar Fenol Dalam
Urine Dan Gangguan Sistem Hematopoitic Pada Pekerja Instalasi BBM,
Thesis Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro Semarang,
Indonesia.
Rappaport SM, Kim S, Lan Q, Li G, Vermeulen R, Waidyanatha S, et al.,
2010.
Human Benzene Metabolism Following Occupational and
Environmental Exposures. Chem Biol Interact. 184(1-2):189-195.
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