S PRS 1201764 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN
KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................................i
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ...................................................................................................ii
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................................vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ .....................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................................................xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ......................................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................................1
1.2
Identifikasi dan Batasan Masalah ......................................................................4
1.2.1 Identifikasi Masalah ..........................................................................................4
1.2.2 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................................4
1.3
Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................................4
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ...............................................................................................5
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................................5
1.6
Asumsi ...............................................................................................................6
BAB II METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM
PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS
........................................................................................7
2.1 Metode Pembelajaran ............................................................................................7
2.1.1 Definisi Metode Pembelajaran ...........................................................................7
2.1.2 Peranan Metode Pembelajaran ...........................................................................7
2.1.3 Jenis-jenis Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Asing ................................................8
2.2 Metode Total Physical Response (TPR) ...............................................................9
2.2.1 Definisi Metode TPR .........................................................................................9
2.2.2 Jenis-jenis Metode TPR ..................................................................................10
2.2.3 Prinsip-prinsip dalam penerapan Metode TPR ................................................10
2.2.4 Peranan Pembelajar, Pengajar dan Bahan Ajar dalam Penerapan
Metode TPR. ....................................................................................................11
2.2.5 Langkah-langkah Penerapan Metode TPR .......................................................12
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.2.6 Keunggulan dan Kelemahan Metode TPR ............................... .......................13
2.3 Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus ...............................................................................13
2.3.1 Definisi Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus ..............................................................13
2.3.2 Jenis-jenis Kebutuhan Khusus .........................................................................15
2.3.3 Totaly Blind dan Low Vision ............................................................................15
2.4 Keterampilan Berbicara .........................................................................17
2.4.1 Definisi Keterampilan Berbicara ..........................................................17
2.4.2 Berbicara Sebagai Salah Satu Cara Berkomunikasi ................................18
2.4.3 Tujuan Keterampilan Berbicara ............................................................19
2.4.4 Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kemampuan
Berbicara ..........................................................................................20
2.4.5 Kriteria Penilaian Keterampilan Berbicara ......................................................21
2.5 Pembelajaran Bahasa Kedua (Bahasa Asing) .....................................................22
2.6 Pembelajaran Bahasa Perancis sebagai Bahasa Asing
(Français Langue Etrangère/FLE)........................................................22
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .............................................................................25
3.1 Metode dan Desain Penelitian ....................................................................25
3.1.1 Metode Penelitian .............................................................................................25
3.1.2 Desain Penelitian ..............................................................................................25
3.2 Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ..........................................................................26
3.2.1 Populasi Penelitian
.........................................................................26
3.2.2 Sampel Penelitian ............................................................................................26
3.3 Lokasi Penelitian .................................................................................................26
3.4 Variabel Penelitian .............................................................................................26
3.5 Definisi Operasional ............................................................................................27
3.5.1 Metode Pembelajaran .................................................................................... 27
3.5.2 Metode Total Physical Response(TPR) ...........................................................27
3.5.3 Keterampilan Berbicara ...................................................................................28
3.6 Instrumen Penelitian ......................................................................................... .29
3.6.1 Lembar Observasi ............................................................................................29
3.6.2 Tes ...................................................................................................................32
3.6.3 Pedoman Wawancara ......................................................................................35
3.7 Validitas dan Reliabilitas ....................................................................................36
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.8 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................................37
3.8.1 Studi Pustaka ..................................................................................................37
3.8.2 Tes ....................................................................................................................37
3.8.3 Wawancara .......................................................................................................38
3.9 Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................................................39
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN PENELITIAN ..................................................41
4.1 Hasil Penelitian .................................................................................................41
4.1.1 Pelaksanaan Perlakuan ..................................................................................41
4.1.2 Pelaksanaan Tes .............................................................................................47
4.2 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ..........................................................................49
4.2.1 Pembahasan Hasil Kegiatan Observasi ..........................................................49
4.2.2 Pembahasan Hasil Tes ...................................................................................54
4.2.3 Pembahasan Hasil Kegiatan Wawancara
..........................................58
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................................................64
5.1 Simpulan ...........................................................................................................64
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................................65
5.2.1 Bagi Siswa .....................................................................................................65
5.2.2 Bagi Pengajar .................................................................................................65
5.2.3 Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya ...............................................................................66
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................67
LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................................................
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1
: Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Peneliti ................................. ..........................29
Tabel 3.2
: Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ..............................................................32
Tabel 3.3
: Skala Penilaian Kemampuan Berbicara Bahasa Perancis
Tingkat A1 Junior DELF ...............................................................................33
Tabel 3.4
: Deskripsi Kriteria Penilaian Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................33
Tabel 3.5
: Pedoman Wawancara ....................................................................................35
Tabel 3.6
: Perhitungan Presentase Skala Sepuluh ..........................................................38
Tabel 4.1
: Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Peneliti ................................................................49
Tabel 4.2
: Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ...................................................................53
Tabel 4.3
: Nilai Hasil Tes Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Kelas X SLBN A
Kota Bandung ................................................................................................54
Tabel 4.4
: Data Perolehan Nilai Siswa ..........................................................................55
Tabel 4.5
: Tabel distribusi frekwensi .............................................................................56
Tabel 4.6
: Perhitungan Presentase Skala Sepuluh ..........................................................57
Tabel 4.7
: Tanggapan Siswa mengenai Bahasa Perancis dan Pembelajaran
Bahasa Perancis .............................................................................................58
Tabel 4.8
: Tanggapan siswa mengenai berbicara bahasa Perancis ................................59
Tabel 4.9
: Kesulitan yang dihadapi Siswa dalam Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................59
Tabel 4.10
: Penerapan TPR dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................60
Tabel 4.11
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Penerapan TPR Tipe With Body dan
Object dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa Perancis ...............................60
Tabel 4.12
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Materi yang Diajarkan Melalui
Penerapan TPR dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................61
Tabel 4.13
: Kesulitan yang Dihadapi Siswa Selama Mengikuti Pembelajaran
Berbicara Bahasa Perancis dengan Menggunakan
Metode TPR .................................................................................................61
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.14
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Berbicara Bahasa Perancis dan Minat
Merekaterhadap Bahasa Perancis setelah Mengikuti Pembelajaran dengan
Menggunakan Metode TPR .............................................................................62
Tabel 4.15
: Minat Siswa terhadap Bahasa Perancis setelah Mengikuti Pembelajaran
dengan Menggunakan Metode TPR ................................................................62
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1
: Desain Penelitian One Shot Case Study.........................................................26
Gambar 4.1
: Dokumentasi Kegiatan Pada Saat Melaksanakan Perlakuan
Pertama ..........................................................................................................44
Gambar 4.2
: Dokumentasi Kegiatan Pada Saat Melaksanakan Perlakuan
Kedua ............................................................................................................46
Gambar 4.3
: Dokumentasi Pelaksanaan Tes Berbicara Bahasa Perancis
Setelah Diberikan Perlakuan .........................................................................49
Gambar 4.4
: Grafik lingkaran ............................................................................................56
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1: Artikel de recherche
Lampiran 2: Surat permohonan izin penelitian dari dekan FPBS
Lampiran 3: SK
Lampiran 4: Surat Permohonan Kesediaan Memberikan “Expert Judgement”
Lampiran 5: Surat Pernyataan Kesediaan Tenaga Ahli
Lampiran 6: Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran(RPP)
Lampiran 7: Soal Tes
Lampiran 8: Lembar Observasi Kegiatan Peneliti
Lampiran 9: Lembar Observasi Kegiatan Siswa
Lampiran 10: Pedoman Wawancara
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN
KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................................i
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ...................................................................................................ii
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................................vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ .....................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................................................xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ......................................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................................1
1.2
Identifikasi dan Batasan Masalah ......................................................................4
1.2.1 Identifikasi Masalah ..........................................................................................4
1.2.2 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................................4
1.3
Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................................4
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ...............................................................................................5
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................................5
1.6
Asumsi ...............................................................................................................6
BAB II METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM
PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS
........................................................................................7
2.1 Metode Pembelajaran ............................................................................................7
2.1.1 Definisi Metode Pembelajaran ...........................................................................7
2.1.2 Peranan Metode Pembelajaran ...........................................................................7
2.1.3 Jenis-jenis Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Asing ................................................8
2.2 Metode Total Physical Response (TPR) ...............................................................9
2.2.1 Definisi Metode TPR .........................................................................................9
2.2.2 Jenis-jenis Metode TPR ..................................................................................10
2.2.3 Prinsip-prinsip dalam penerapan Metode TPR ................................................10
2.2.4 Peranan Pembelajar, Pengajar dan Bahan Ajar dalam Penerapan
Metode TPR. ....................................................................................................11
2.2.5 Langkah-langkah Penerapan Metode TPR .......................................................12
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.2.6 Keunggulan dan Kelemahan Metode TPR ............................... .......................13
2.3 Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus ...............................................................................13
2.3.1 Definisi Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus ..............................................................13
2.3.2 Jenis-jenis Kebutuhan Khusus .........................................................................15
2.3.3 Totaly Blind dan Low Vision ............................................................................15
2.4 Keterampilan Berbicara .........................................................................17
2.4.1 Definisi Keterampilan Berbicara ..........................................................17
2.4.2 Berbicara Sebagai Salah Satu Cara Berkomunikasi ................................18
2.4.3 Tujuan Keterampilan Berbicara ............................................................19
2.4.4 Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kemampuan
Berbicara ..........................................................................................20
2.4.5 Kriteria Penilaian Keterampilan Berbicara ......................................................21
2.5 Pembelajaran Bahasa Kedua (Bahasa Asing) .....................................................22
2.6 Pembelajaran Bahasa Perancis sebagai Bahasa Asing
(Français Langue Etrangère/FLE)........................................................22
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .............................................................................25
3.1 Metode dan Desain Penelitian ....................................................................25
3.1.1 Metode Penelitian .............................................................................................25
3.1.2 Desain Penelitian ..............................................................................................25
3.2 Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ..........................................................................26
3.2.1 Populasi Penelitian
.........................................................................26
3.2.2 Sampel Penelitian ............................................................................................26
3.3 Lokasi Penelitian .................................................................................................26
3.4 Variabel Penelitian .............................................................................................26
3.5 Definisi Operasional ............................................................................................27
3.5.1 Metode Pembelajaran .................................................................................... 27
3.5.2 Metode Total Physical Response(TPR) ...........................................................27
3.5.3 Keterampilan Berbicara ...................................................................................28
3.6 Instrumen Penelitian ......................................................................................... .29
3.6.1 Lembar Observasi ............................................................................................29
3.6.2 Tes ...................................................................................................................32
3.6.3 Pedoman Wawancara ......................................................................................35
3.7 Validitas dan Reliabilitas ....................................................................................36
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.8 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................................37
3.8.1 Studi Pustaka ..................................................................................................37
3.8.2 Tes ....................................................................................................................37
3.8.3 Wawancara .......................................................................................................38
3.9 Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................................................39
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN PENELITIAN ..................................................41
4.1 Hasil Penelitian .................................................................................................41
4.1.1 Pelaksanaan Perlakuan ..................................................................................41
4.1.2 Pelaksanaan Tes .............................................................................................47
4.2 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ..........................................................................49
4.2.1 Pembahasan Hasil Kegiatan Observasi ..........................................................49
4.2.2 Pembahasan Hasil Tes ...................................................................................54
4.2.3 Pembahasan Hasil Kegiatan Wawancara
..........................................58
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................................................64
5.1 Simpulan ...........................................................................................................64
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................................65
5.2.1 Bagi Siswa .....................................................................................................65
5.2.2 Bagi Pengajar .................................................................................................65
5.2.3 Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya ...............................................................................66
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................67
LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................................................
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1
: Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Peneliti ................................. ..........................29
Tabel 3.2
: Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ..............................................................32
Tabel 3.3
: Skala Penilaian Kemampuan Berbicara Bahasa Perancis
Tingkat A1 Junior DELF ...............................................................................33
Tabel 3.4
: Deskripsi Kriteria Penilaian Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................33
Tabel 3.5
: Pedoman Wawancara ....................................................................................35
Tabel 3.6
: Perhitungan Presentase Skala Sepuluh ..........................................................38
Tabel 4.1
: Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Peneliti ................................................................49
Tabel 4.2
: Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ...................................................................53
Tabel 4.3
: Nilai Hasil Tes Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Kelas X SLBN A
Kota Bandung ................................................................................................54
Tabel 4.4
: Data Perolehan Nilai Siswa ..........................................................................55
Tabel 4.5
: Tabel distribusi frekwensi .............................................................................56
Tabel 4.6
: Perhitungan Presentase Skala Sepuluh ..........................................................57
Tabel 4.7
: Tanggapan Siswa mengenai Bahasa Perancis dan Pembelajaran
Bahasa Perancis .............................................................................................58
Tabel 4.8
: Tanggapan siswa mengenai berbicara bahasa Perancis ................................59
Tabel 4.9
: Kesulitan yang dihadapi Siswa dalam Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................59
Tabel 4.10
: Penerapan TPR dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................60
Tabel 4.11
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Penerapan TPR Tipe With Body dan
Object dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa Perancis ...............................60
Tabel 4.12
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Materi yang Diajarkan Melalui
Penerapan TPR dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa
Perancis .........................................................................................................61
Tabel 4.13
: Kesulitan yang Dihadapi Siswa Selama Mengikuti Pembelajaran
Berbicara Bahasa Perancis dengan Menggunakan
Metode TPR .................................................................................................61
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.14
: Tanggapan Siswa Mengenai Berbicara Bahasa Perancis dan Minat
Merekaterhadap Bahasa Perancis setelah Mengikuti Pembelajaran dengan
Menggunakan Metode TPR .............................................................................62
Tabel 4.15
: Minat Siswa terhadap Bahasa Perancis setelah Mengikuti Pembelajaran
dengan Menggunakan Metode TPR ................................................................62
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1
: Desain Penelitian One Shot Case Study.........................................................26
Gambar 4.1
: Dokumentasi Kegiatan Pada Saat Melaksanakan Perlakuan
Pertama ..........................................................................................................44
Gambar 4.2
: Dokumentasi Kegiatan Pada Saat Melaksanakan Perlakuan
Kedua ............................................................................................................46
Gambar 4.3
: Dokumentasi Pelaksanaan Tes Berbicara Bahasa Perancis
Setelah Diberikan Perlakuan .........................................................................49
Gambar 4.4
: Grafik lingkaran ............................................................................................56
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1: Artikel de recherche
Lampiran 2: Surat permohonan izin penelitian dari dekan FPBS
Lampiran 3: SK
Lampiran 4: Surat Permohonan Kesediaan Memberikan “Expert Judgement”
Lampiran 5: Surat Pernyataan Kesediaan Tenaga Ahli
Lampiran 6: Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran(RPP)
Lampiran 7: Soal Tes
Lampiran 8: Lembar Observasi Kegiatan Peneliti
Lampiran 9: Lembar Observasi Kegiatan Siswa
Lampiran 10: Pedoman Wawancara
Dheny Marsyelina, 2016
PENERAPAN METODE TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
BAHASA PERANCIS TINGKAT PEMULA DI SLB NEGERI A KOTA BANDUNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu