Isolasi dan Enkapsulasi Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) Asal Ayam Kampung (Gallus Domesticus) sebagai Pengendali E.Coli

  LAMPIRAN

  Lampiran 1 : Skema Isolasi Bakteri Escherichia coli Ditimbang EMB 3,6 gr

  Ditambahkan Aquades 100 ml Dimasukkan ke dalam erlenmeyer

  Disiapkan NaCl fisiologis 0,9 % sebanyak 10 ml Dimasukkan kedalam tabung reaksi

  Diautoklaf erlenmeyer berisi media dan tabung reaksi berisi NaCl fisiologis selama 15 menit dengan suhu 121 C Dituang media kedalam cawan petri

  Disiapkan sampel (feses ayam segar) Dimasukkan feses kedalam tabung reaksi berisi NaCl fisiologis

  Dihomogenkan Diambil 1 tetes feses yang sudah dihomogenkan dengan NaCl fisiologis

  Dimasukkan kedalam cawan petri yang telah berisi media EMB Diinkubasi selama 24-48 jam

  Diamati

  Lampiran 2 : Skema Pewarnaan Gram Stock Bakteri

  • Sebanyak satu ose (ose bulat) isolat diambil dari stok
  • Dibuat ulasan pada gelas objek
  • Difiksasi diatas api bu
  • Sebanyak 2-3 tetes kristal violet diteteskan di atas permukaan preparat selama 1 menit

  Preparat

  • Dibilas dengan aquades
  • Sebanyak 2 tetes dengan iodene
  • Ditunggu selama 1 menit
  • Dibilas dengan aquades
  • Preparat dicuci dengan alkohol asam
  • Ditetesi dengan zat warna safranin - Ditunggu 30 detik.
  • Dikeringkan Diperiksa dibawah mikroskop dengan penngamatan menggunakan minyak imersi.
Lampiran 3 : Hasil Isolasi Bakteri Uji Escerichia Coli Dilihat Dari Mikroskop Isolasi Identifikasi BAL Berdasarkan Pewarnaan Gram Dilihat Dari Mikroskop

  Kultur Murni Isolat BAL Lampiran 4 : Pertumbuhan Isolat pada Medium MRSB + Ox bile 5% Sebelum Inkubasi

  Endapan Isolat pada Dasar Tabung Setelah inkubasi 1 X 24 Jam Daya Hambat BAL Terhadap Eschericia Coli (E.coli) Lampiran 5 : Luas Zona Bening Pada Saluran Pencernaan Ayam Kampung Perlakuan Ulangan

  Zona Bening

  0.5

  0.7

  2

  4

  2

  0.5

  0.2

  1

  2 A3

  0.5

  0.2

  3

  0.63

  4

  0.4

  3

  2

  4.67

  8

  0.5

  0.8

  1

  7 Yeyenum

  0.5

  0.7

  3

  0.63

  7

  0.5

  0.5 7 -

  0.3

  2

  2 Ileum

  0.5

  2.1

  3

  0.72

  7

  0.5

  0.7

  2

  14.33

  15

  0.5

  1.5

  1

  0.5

  0.5

  0.2

  3

  0.54

  8

  0.5

  0.8

  2

  4.33

  3

  0.5

  0.3

  1

  3 Cecum

  0.7

  5.33

  DM Indeks Zona

  0.2

  3

  0.63

  8

  0.5

  0.8

  2

  10.33

  8

  0.5

  0.8

  1

  2 Proventriculus

  0.5

  3

  0.5

  0.5 7 -

  0.7

  2

  4

  3

  0.5

  0.3

  1

  (%) A1

  Total asam Tertitrasi

  Bening (mm)

  Rataan Zona

  Bening (mm)

  1.5

  15 Ventriculus

  2

  0.7

  0.5

  0.2

  1

  2 Duodenum

  0.5

  0.2

  3

  0.5 2 -

  0.2

  2

  3.67

  7

  0.5

  1

  1

  2 A2

  0.5

  0.2

  3

  0.54

  8

  0.5

  0.8

  2

  8.33

  15

  0.5

  1.5

  21 Lampiran 6: Konsentrasi Berbagai Alginat Alginat 2% Alginat 3% Alginat 4% Alginat 5%

  • 2% A2

  18.72

  4.15 Rata-rata

  90.37

  18.11

  20.04

  3

  4.25

  91.62

  18.36

  20.04

  2

  4.2

  93.32

  20.06

  18.40

  1

  3.22 5% A5

  76.94 B

  15.41

  20.02

  3.3 Rata-rata

  76.59

  15.34

  20.03

  3

  3.25

  78.01

  20.05

  91.77 AA

  20.01

  86.58

  5.06 galat 12 113.77 9.48 -

  92.99

  0.01 Alginat 5 4407.95 881.59

  0.05

  F. Hit F tabel

  DB JK KT

  Sumber Keragaman

  2.77 Lampiran 8: Tabel Anova Penentuan Biopolimer Konsentrasi Alginat Sebagai Bahan Pengkapsul

  87.83 A

  17.59

  20.03

  2.8 Rata-rata

  17.36

  4.2 6% A6

  20.05

  3

  2.7

  90.80

  18.17

  20.01

  2

  2.8

  86.11

  17.24

  20.02

  1

  15.61

  2

  Total 17 4521.72 -

  47.73 E

  20.05

  3

  2.5

  57.20

  11.48

  20.07

  2

  2.1

  58.98

  11.82

  20.04

  1

  9.56

  56.11

  20.04

  10.44 52.04 - Rata-rata

  20.06

  3

  10.02 50.02 -

  20.03

  2

  8.23 41.11 -

  20.02

  1

  Alginat Perlakuan Suspensi (g) beads (g) (%) Beads (mm) 1% A1

  Lampiran 7 : Penentuan Biopolimer Konsentrasi Alginat Sebagai Bahan Pengkapsul Konsentrasi Kode Ulangan Massa Massa Rendemen Ukuran

  11.25

  2.2 Rata-rata

  3.1

  3

  76.24

  15.27

  20.03

  1

  2.33 4% A4

  70.66 C

  14.16

  20.03

  2.2 Rata-rata

  73.70

  14.77

  20.04

  2.3

  20.05

  71.22

  14.28

  20.05

  2

  2.5

  67.07

  13.42

  20.01

  1

  2.27 3% A3

  57.43 D

  11.52

  • 3.11
Lampiran 9 : Uji Lanjut Duncan Dalam Penentuan Biopolimer Alginat The SAS System 12:41 Thursday, October 10, 2014 4

  The GLM Procedure Duncan's Multiple Range Test for TOKOL NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate. Alpha

  0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom

  12 Error Mean Square 9.4808 Number of Means 2 3 4 5 6 Critical Range 5.478 5.734 5.889 5.991 6.062 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

  Duncan Grouping Mean N PERLAKUAN A 91.770 3 A5 A A 87.830 3 A6 B 76.947 3 A4 C 70.663 3 A3 D 57.430 3 A2 E 47.723 3 A1

  Lampiran 10 : Pengaruh Perbandingan Alginat- Filler Terhadap Rendemen Beads yang Dihasilkan

  20.04

  1

  2

  20.05

  14.3

  71.32

  0.9

  3

  15.1

  14.1

  75.35

  1.2 Rataan

  20.04

  14.5

  72.36 CC

  1.03 2:1

  3.34

  70.39

  20.03

  1

  16.6

  2

  20.04

  15.8

  78.84

  2.9

  3

  20.01

  82.96

  1

  3 Rataan

  20.03

  16.2

  80.87 B

  2.97 Maltodekstrin 1:1

  2.5

  2.5 B4

  1.67 B5

  20.04

  80.80

  2.5

  16.2

  80.80

  2.60

  2

  20.01

  16.9

  84.46

  3

  1

  20.06

  17.3

  86.24

  2.55 Rataan

  20.04

  16.8

  83.83 BB

  20.05

  1.25 B6

  18.4

  3

  91.82

  1.9

  2

  20.06

  18.8

  93.72

  2

  20.01

  3.75

  19.3

  96.45

  1.7 Rataan

  20.04

  18.8

  94.00 AA

  1.87 3:1

  3

  16.2

  Bahan Pengisi

  20.03

  66.83

  1

  3

  20.02

  12.6

  62.94

  0.5 Rataan

  12.7

  20.05

  63.41 D

  0.67 Susu Skim

  1:1

  2.5

  2.5 B1

  1

  20.03

  13.4

  2

  68.90

  Beads (mm)

  A : BP

  Total Padatan 5%

  Kode Perlakuan

  Ulangan Massa Suspensi

  (g) Massa Beads

  (g) Rendemen

  (%) Ukuran

  Alginat (g)

  0.5 Bahan Pengisi

  BP (g)

  Tanpa 1:0

  5 B0

  1

  20.01

  12.1

  60.47

  13.8

  1.3

  20.05

  92.36

  20.01

  18.2

  90.95

  1.6

  3

  20.03

  18.5

  1.65 Rataan

  2

  20.04

  18.4

  91.80 A

  1.75 3:1

  3.75

  1.25 B3

  1

  2

  92.09

  2

  72.28

  20.05

  14.7

  73.32

  1.25

  3

  20.06

  14.5

  1.2 Rataan

  18.5

  20.05

  14.3

  71.50 C

  1.25 2:1

  3.34

  1.67 B2

  1

  20.09

  2.55 Ket : A= Alginat BP = Bahan Pengisi Lampiran 11 : Tabel Anova Pengaruh Perbandingan Alginat- Filler Terhadap Rendemen

  Beads yang Dihasilkan

  SK DB JK KT

  F. Hit F.Tabel

  0.05

  0.01

  • Perlakuan

  6 136404.63 22734

  64.82

  2.85

  4.46 14 134.37 9.60 - galat 20 136539.01

  • Total Lampiran 12 : Uji Lanjut Duncan Dalam Perbandingan Alginat - Filler Terhadap Rendemen Beads yang Dihasilkan The SAS System 13:31 Thursday, November 20, 2014 4 The GLM Procedure NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.

  Alpha

  0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom

  14 Error Mean Square 5.784095 Number of Means 2 3 4 5 6 7 Critical Range 4.212 4.413 4.538 4.622 4.681 4.724 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

  Duncan Grouping Mean N PERLAKUAN A 93.997 3 B5 A A 91.800 3 B2 B 83.833 3 B6 B B 80.867 3 B3 C 72.353 3 B4 C C 71.500 3 B1

  Lampiran 13 : Pengaruh Perbandingan Alginat- Filler Terhadap Efisiensi dan Viabilitas Enkapsulasi

  1

  20.06

  2

  90.91 C2

  92.73

  9.09

  9

  18.4

  20.04

  90.21

  8.94

  93.42

  9.03

  8.87

  15.6

  20.04

  91.24 Rataan

  93.50

  9.02

  8.91

  18.8

  9.08

  20.03

  8.98

  6

  10.92 Galat

  5.14

  0.01 Perlakuan 2 1697.28 848.64 133.63

  0.05

  SK DB JK KT F HIT F tabel

  92.75 Lampiran 14 : Tabel Anova Pengaruh Perbandingan Alginat- Filler Terhadap Efisiensi Enkapsulasi

  95.26

  9.10

  18.8

  95.19

  20.04

  95.08 Rataan

  97.85

  9.12

  8.99

  19.3

  20.01

  3

  92.27

  15.2

  3

  Perlakuan Ulangan Massa Massa Populasi BAL Populasi BAL Efiisiensi Viabilitas suspensi (g)

  2

  20.02

  3

  68.97

  64.77

  8.77

  9.05

  13.4

  20.05

  61.70 C0

  9.05

  59.27

  8.88

  9.06

  12.1

  20.01

  1

  Setelah Enkapsulasi (%) (%)

  Sebelum Enkapsulasi

  Beads (g)

  12.6

  8.75

  88.14

  8.94

  93.86

  9.05

  8.77

  15.5

  20.01

  2

  91.27 C1

  92.91

  9.02

  16.1

  60.85

  20.09

  1

  65.25

  61.63

  8.80

  9.05

  12.7

  20.03

  65.09 Rataan

  38.10 6.35 - Total 8 1735.39 - Lampiran 15 : Uji Lanjut Duncan Perbandingan Alginat- Filler Terhadap Efisiensi Enkapsulasi

  The SAS System 19:24 Thursday, November 28, 2014 The GLM Procedure Duncan's Multiple Range Test for TOKOL NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.

  Alpha

  0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom

  6 Error Mean Square 6.350722 Number of Means 2 3 Critical Range 5.035 5.218 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

  Duncan Grouping Mean N PERLAKUAN A 95.257 3 C2 B 93.42 3 C1 C 61.630 3 C0

  Lampiran 16 : Tabel Anova Pengaruh Perbandingan Alginat-Filter terhadap Viabilitas Enkapsulasi

  F tabel SK DB JK KT F HIT

  0.05

  0.01 Perlakuan 2 1147.08 573.54

  70.89

  5.14

  10.92 Galat

  6

  48.54

  8.09 Total 8 1195.62 Lampiran 17 : Uji Lanjut Duncan Perbandingan Alginat- Filter terhadap Viabilitas

  Enkapsulasi The SAS System 10:01 Thursday, December 8, 2014 4

  The GLM Procedure Duncan's Multiple Range Test for TOKOL NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.

  Alpha

  0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 8.0901 Number of Means 2 3 Critical Range 5.683 5.890 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

  Duncan Grouping Mean N PERLAKUAN A 92.753 3 C B 76.483 3 B C 65.253 3 A

  Lampiran 18 : Pembuatan Beads Basah BAL Terenkapsulasi Dalam Bentuk Kering Pengukuran Massa Beads Selama Pengering

  Massa Massa Beads Saat Pengeringan Jam Ke-

  Perlakuan Ulangan Massa Beads

  Beads Kering

  1

  2

  3

  4

  5

  6

  7

  8 (g)

  (gr)

  1 5.03 5.03 4.44 4.08 3.6 2.38 0.78 0.76 0.75 0.7

  0.6 Alginat

  2 5.1 5.1 4.28 4.28 3.96 2.68 1.6 1.33 1.3

  1.1

  0.84 5%

  3 5.01 5.01 4.37 4.07 3.26 2.19 2 1.4 1.23 0.92

  0.8 Rataan

  0.75

  1 5.01 5.01 4.82 4.36 3.92 3.26 1.7 1.69 1.64 1.2

  1.10 Alginat : Malto

  2 5.07 5.07 4.33 3.97 3.35 2.94 2.39 1.25 1.21 0.8

  0.70 (2:1)

  3 5.03 5.03 4.72 4.04 3.27 2.85 2.1 1.35 1.19

  1

  0.85 Rataan

  0.8

  0.88 Perubahan Kadar Air Beads Pada Saat Pengeringan Perlakuan Ulangan Perubahan Kadar Air Beads Pada Jam Ke- (%)

  1

  2

  3

  4

  5

  6

  7

  8 1 88.07 86.49 85.29 83.33 74.79 23.08 21.05 20.00 14.29 Alginat 5% 2 83.53 80.37 80.37 78.79 68.66 47.50 36.84 35.38 23.64 3 84.03 81.69 80.34 75.46 63.47 60.00 42.86 34.96 13.04

  Rataan 85.21 82.85 82.00 79.19 68.97 43.53 33.58 30.11 16.99 1 78.04 77.18 74.77 71.94 66.26 35.29 34.91 32.93 8.33 Alginat : 2 86.19 83.83 82.37 79.10 76.19 70.71 44.00 42.15 12.50

  Maltodekstrin 3 83.10 81.99 78.96 74.01 70.18 59.52 37.04 28.57 15.00 (2:1)

  Rataan 82.45 81.00 78.70 75.02 70.87 55.18 38.65 34.55 11.94 Lampiran 19 : Viabilitas BAL Tanpa Enkapsulasi selama Penyimpanan Perlakuan

  Pengenceran JumlahPopulasi

  9.10

  68

  47

  9.83

  9.67 A2B1

  10

  5

  272 217

  8.43

  8.34

  9.02

  9.06

  10

  10

  6

  129 145

  9.11

  9.16

  10

  7

  33

  64

  9.52

  9.81 A2B2

  7

  9.20

  5

  2 (log cfu/g)

  Jumlah Populasi BAL

  Jumlah populasi BAL

  (log cfu/g) Rataan

  Ulangan

  1 Rataan Ulangan

  2 Rataan Koloni

  BAL (log cfu/g)

  Ulangan

  1 Ulangan

  2 Ulangan

  1 Ulangan

  (log cfu/g) A2B0

  9.22

  10

  5

  274 244

  8.44

  8.39

  9.16

  9.09

  9.13

  10

  6

  167 160

  10

  218 208

  9.32

  8.82

  9.02

  10

  7

  23

  29

  9.36

  9.46 A2B4

  10

  8.22

  9.06

  8.94

  144 104

  10

  6

  86

  73

  8.93

  8.86

  10

  7

  15

  23

  9.18

  9.16

  6

  8.34

  7

  8.32

  8.92

  9.00

  8.96

  10

  6

  109

  88

  9.04

  8.94

  10

  24

  10

  54

  9.38

  9.73 A2B3

  10

  5

  248 203

  8.39

  8.31

  8.97

  8.93

  8.95

  9.20 Lampiran 20 : Viabilitas BAL Dengan Enkapsulasi selama Penyimpanan Perlakuan Pengenceran

  16

  BAL Jumlah populasi

  8.91

  23

  9.49

  9.36 A1B1

  10

  5

  209 178

  8.32

  8.25

  8.91

  8.91

  10

  7

  6

  97

  88

  8.99

  8.94

  10

  7

  27

  34

  9.43

  9.53 A1B2

  31

  10

  5

  2 A1B0

  BAL (log cfu/g) Rataan

  Ulangan

  1 (log cfu/g)

  Rataan Ulangan

  2 (log cfu/g)

  Rataan Koloni

  BAL (log cfu/g)

  Ulangan

  1 Ulangan

  2 Ulangan

  1 Ulangan

  10

  9.09

  5

  203 197

  8.31

  8.29

  8.97

  8.92

  8.94

  10

  6

  130 124

  9.11

  10

  190 160

  21

  8.11

  8.93

  8.87

  10

  7

  35

  21

  9.54

  9.32 A1B4

  10

  5

  128 130

  8.11

  86

  8.72

  8.65

  8.69

  10

  6

  53

  44

  8.72

  8.64

  10

  7

  74

  6

  8.28

  7

  8.20

  8.93

  8.85

  8.89

  10

  6

  84

  66

  8.92

  8.82

  10

  38

  10

  33

  9.58

  9.52 A1B3

  10

  5

  164 150

  8.21

  8.18

  8.90

  8.79

  8.84

  9.36 Lampiran 21 : Kestabilan BAL Selama Penyimpanan Perlakuan

  Jumlah Populasi BAL (log cfu/g)

  1

  3.64

  3

  3.8

  2

  4.37

  2

  3.8

  4

  1

  4.24 A2B2

  4

  4.2 A1B2

  3.6 A1B3

  3

  4.2

  3

  4.3

  2

  4.3

  2

  4.33

  4.5

  1

  4.33 A2B1

  3

  1

  1

  3.8

  3

  3.5

  3

  3.4

  2

  3.6

  2

  3.36

  3.2

  1

  3.63 A2B4

  1

  3.8

  3.6 A1B4

  3

  3.6

  3

  3.3

  2

  4

  2

  3.46

  3.5

  1

  3.80 A2B3

  4.5

  6.54 A1B1

  Rataan Jumlah Populasi BAL (log cfu/g)

  8.9

  A2B1

  9.13 100

  9.09

  9.16

  97.09 A2B0

  8.69

  8.65

  8.72

  98.88 A1B4

  8.85

  8.79

  99.39 A1B3

  9.1

  8.89

  8.85

  8.93

  99.61 A1B2

  8.91

  8.91

  8.91

  8.92 8.95 100 A1B1

  8.97

  Ulangan 1 Ulangan 2 A1B0

  Kestabilan jumlah BAL (%)

  9.05

  9.08

  3

  1

  6.54

  3

  6.45

  2

  5.3

  2

  6.46

  6.39

  1

  6.08 A2B0

  6.39

  Ulangan pH Rata-rata Perlakuan Ulangan pH Rata-rata A1B0

  99.45 A2B2

  97.97 Lampiran 22: Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan terhadap pH pH BAL Tanpa Enkapsulasi pH BAL Setelah Enkapsulasi Perlakuan

  8.94

  8.82

  9.06

  98.08 A2B4

  8.95

  8.93

  8.97

  98.52 A2B3

  8.99

  9

  8.98

  3.5 Lampiran 23: Kestabilan BAL dalam Menghambat E.coli Perlakuan

  Luas diameter zona bening (mm

  18

  7

  9

  46.55 A2B0

  20

  22

  21 21 100 A2B1

  18

  18.4

  20

  18.80

  89.52 A2B2

  17.6

  12

  16

  17

  81.90 A2B3

  16.6

  15

  14

  15.20

  72.38 A2B4

  14.8

  12

  13

  13

  8

  67.24 A1B4

  2

  20 19.33 100 A1B1

  ) Rataan Daya

  Hambat (mm

  2

  ) Kestabilan BAL

  Menghambat E.coli (%)

  Ulangan

  1 Ulangan

  2 Ulangan

  3 A1B0

  22

  16

  14

  13

  16

  19

  16.33

  84.48 A1B2

  18

  14

  12

  14.67

  75.86 A1B3

  19

  8

  12

  63.17