35 might give their views, opinion, belief, or other information. The interviewee was
one of the English teachers of eleventh grade SMA N 1 Depok. 2. Instruments of Preliminary Field Testing
In the Preliminary Field Testing, the researcher employed post-design questionnaires. The questionnaires were both open and closed questionnaires
which were used to gain feedbacks, comments, and suggestions for the designed materials. The feedbacks, comments, and suggestions would be used to evaluate
and then revise the designed material. The participants of the preliminary field testing were two English teachers of SMA N 1 Depok and three lecturers of
English Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University.
D. Data Gathering Technique
In order to design English writing instructional material using genre-based approach for the eleventh grade students of SMA N 1 Depok appropriately, the
researcher conducted the data gathering twice. The first is Data Gathering of Research and Information Collecting and the second one is Data Gathering of
Preliminary Field Testing. The explanation of each data gathering technique is as follows:
1. Data Gathering of Research and Information Collecting This data gathering had done before the researcher designed the material.
The researcher conducted an interview with one of the English teachers of eleventh grade SMA N 1 Depok. The interview was conducted on the fifth of May
2010.
36 After that, the researcher distributed questionnaires to one hundred and
five students of eleventh grade SMA N 1 Depok. The students were from three science classes. The purpose of distributing questionnaires to eleventh grade
students was to gain as many information as possible concerning with students’ interest, abilities and difficulties regarding to implement of writing skill in
classroom. The distribution of research and information collecting questionnaires was done on
the fifth until the seventh of May 2010. 2. Data Gathering of Preliminary Field Testing
The preliminary field testing was done after the researcher had finished the designed material. The researcher distributed questionnaires to the users and
experts of the designed materials. The users were two English teachers of SMA N 1 Depok, while the experts were three lecturers of English Education Study
Program Sanata Dharma University. The distribution of questionnaires and designed materials were used to obtain feedbacks, suggestions, and comments on
the designed materials. The distribution of both questionnaires and designed materials were done on sixth until the twenty ninth of November 2010.
E. Data Analysis Technique
This section discussed the technique in analyzing the obtained data. There were two important points would be discussed in the data analysis technique. The
analysis was conducted in order to know the participants’ needs and evaluation on the designed materials.
37 1. Data Analysis Technique of Research and Information Collecting
The participants’ needs were gained from the interview of English teachers of SMA N 1 Depok and the research and information collecting questionnaires of
the students of eleventh grade of SMA N 1 Depok. The researcher analyzed the interview that was conducted with the one of
eleventh grade English teachers of SMA N 1 Depok. The interview was interpreted descriptively. The researcher concluded each answer to gain the information.
The data gathered from one hundred and five students of eleventh grade of SMA N 1 Depok was analyzed using Likert Scale. The respondents were supposed
to gives their views, judgments, or opinion in four agreements: 1
: strongly disagree with the statement 2
: disagree with the statement 3
: agree with the statement 4
: strongly agree with the statement In concluding the data gathered, the researcher described the result in
terms of percentages. Percentages are easier for many people to understand .
The table is presented as follows:
No Participants’ Opinion on
Statements 1
2 3
4
Table 3.1 The Blueprint of Participants’ Opinion on the Genre – Based Approach
The researcher would conclude the final result by adding the percentages of number one and two for disagree statement and percentages of number three
and four for agree statement.
38 2.
Data Analysis Technique of Preliminary Field Testing The researcher analyzed the descriptive statistic data gathered through the
questionnaires that were distributed to two English teachers of SMA N 1 Depok and three lecturers of English Education Study Program Sanata Dharma
University. The data gathered was used as the base of revising and improving the designed materials.
The researcher analyzed two kinds of data. The first was the descriptive data about the participants’ statements. This concerned with closed questionnaires.
In this type of questionnaires, the judgment of the participants’ statements also used Likert Scale. The respondents were supposed to gives their views,
judgments, or opinion in four agreements.
1 : strongly disagree with the statement 2 : disagree with the statement
3 : agree with the statement 4 : strongly agree with the statement
In concluding the data gathered, the researcher described the result in terms of percentages. The table is presented as follows:
No Participants’ Opinion on
Statements 1
2 3
4
Table 3.2 The Blueprint of Participants’ Opinion on the Designed Materials
The researcher concluded the final result by adding the percentages of number one and two for disagree statement and percentages of number three and
four for agree statement. The second one was the data gathered from the open
39 questionnaires. The researcher compiled the feedbacks, suggestions, and
comments on the designed materials. The researcher then revised the designed materials using the feedbacks, suggestions, and comments.
F. Research Procedure
