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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUE
This chapter presents the theories that the researcher used as a guideline in conducting the research. The purpose of this chapter is to provide information of
theories used in answering the questions of this research. In this chapter, there are two parts that will be discussed further. The first part is theoretical description and
the second part is theoretical framework.
A. Theoretical Description
In theoretical description, the researcher discusses the theories that are used in conducting the research. The theories are teaching English as a foreign
language, learning media, movies, pronunciation ability and classroom action research.
1. Teaching English as a Foreign Language
In learning English as a Foreign Language, there are two kinds of motivation. The first is learning English instrumentally and the second is learning
English for integrative purposes. Broughton et al. 2003 state learning English instrumentally means that the learners learn English in order to be able to use
English for supporting their works or studies, for example to be able to read books, to be able to pass the examination, to be able to communicate with
foreigners. However, learning English for integrative purpose as stated by
Broughton et al. 2003 mean, “the learners are trying to identify much more
closely with a speech community which uses that language variety .” In this
country, most of students learn English instrumentally. That is why the teachers have to be creative enough in designing both learning activities and learning
material in gaining students‟ interest. Broughton et al.
2003 define English as a foreign language as “language that is taught in schools, often widely, but it does not play an essential role in
nation or social life .” Broughton explains that English, when it is treated as a
foreign language, is not used in daily life because of people use their own mother language. The condition is different when English is treated as a second language
because English is also used in the daily life. Maxom 2006, p. 24-27, in her book, discusses the things that teachers
may consider in teaching EFL, such as 1. Teaching the easier words first
2. Focusing on the most useful words 3. Giving students room to talk
4. Keeping things relevant
She also states that before teaching the students, the teachers have to be able to recognize students‟ needs. It is needed to design appropriate materials and
learning activities, so that the students will enjoy the lesson, Maxom, 2006.
2. Learning Media
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