The last step was reflection. After doing the action and the observation, the researcher reflected the result of the action implemented. In this step, the
researcher reflected whether the action worked well or not. From the result, the researcher could plan the next action. The researcher could also see whether the
use of movies in classroom to help the students improving their pronunciation was useful to overcome the problem.
B. Research Setting
This research was conducted in SMK Marsudi Luhur II Yogyakarta. It is one of vocational school in Yogyakarta, which is located on Jl. Bintaran Kidul
No. 6. The researcher decided to do classroom action research in this school because the researcher found that the students of class XI EL in that school faced
problems in pronouncing English words.
C. Research Participants
The participants of this research were the students of class XI EL of SMK Marsudi Luhur II Yogyakarta in the 20112012 academic year. The students of
class XI EL consisted of 15 students. There were 14 male students and there was only 1 female student in that class.
The researcher chose class XI EL because the students in that class had problem in pronunciation that affected in their speaking ability. The students were
talkative but using their mother language i.e. Indonesian and Javanese. They had hesitancy to speak in English because they were not confident with their
pronunciation. On the other hand, they had good understanding of English. They only showed their ability in English in the written communication, while the
curriculum required the students to participate actively both orally and written.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
In conducting this research, the researcher used some research instruments to collect the data. The instruments used in this research were observation, field
notes, questionnaire, interview, and pronunciation tests.
1. Observation
In conducting this research, observation was really needed. The observation was used to know the real condition in the classroom during the implementation
of the action. Besides, through observation the responses from the students toward the action implemented could be seen. During the implementation of the action,
the researcher positioned as observer as well. In observing the action, the researcher was helped by outside observers.
To collect the information related to the action and the responses of the students, the researcher used observation checklists. The researcher asked the
outside observers to fill the observation checklist.
2. Field Notes
In conducting this research, the researcher also used field notes. The researcher asked help to the outside observers to make field notes during the
implementation. Bogdan and Biklen 2003, p. 110 describe field notes as “the
written account of what the researcher hears, sees, experiences, and thinks in the
course of collecting and reflecting on the data in qualitative study .” The outside
observers recorded the situation in the classroom and the response of the students during the implementation of the action. In the field notes, the observers also
wrote the problem in the action that should be revised in the next cycle.
3. Questionnaire
Wallace 2010, p. 124 mentions that “in questionnaires, the questions are
usually set out in a very systematic way, and very often the questionnaire is answered by reading questions, and then ticking responses, or writing in short
answer .”
To know whether the use of movies in improving students‟ pronunciation was successful or not, the researcher distributed the questionnaire to the students.
In the questionnaire, the researcher used Likert Scale in which the response of the students toward the action based on the scale of agreement and disagreement.
Besides using Likert Scale, the researcher also used open-ended questions to give opportunity to the students in explaining their response or opinion about the action
implemented. The researcher gave the questionnaire to the students after the
implementation of the action. The students were asked to fill the questionnaire based on their opinion and experience during the action.
4. Interview
Wallace 2010, p. 151 mentions that interview are usually used to “investigate people‟s views, attitudes, experiences etc., in depth. The researcher
interviewed five students of class XI EL after the implementation of the action to
know the use of movies in classroom in depth. The considerations of selecting those students were based on the mistake they made before watching the movies,
their responses while the watching movies, and the mistakes they made after watching the movies. From the five students, they had different response while
they were watching the movies and it affected on the number of mistakes they made after watching the movies. The questions used in the interview were open
questions. However, the researcher made different questions spontaneously in order to follow the students‟ answer.
5. Pronunciation Tests
In gathering the data, the researcher conducted the pronunciation test in each cycle. The researcher did the pronunciation test before the students watched
the movie. It aimed to know students‟ ability in pronunciation. The researcher gave the students text and asked them to read it in front of the researcher. After
that, the researcher counted the mistakes made by the students in pronouncing the English words. The researcher told the students about their mistakes and asked
them to learn the pronunciation of the words while they were watching movie. After watching the movie, the researcher did the pronunciation test again for
each student. Here, the researcher counted the mistakes and compared it with the mistakes made before they watched movie to see the improvement. The indicator
whether the movies really helped the students was that the number of mistakes the students made before and after watching the movies. When the students could
decrease their mistakes, it could be concluded that the movies was really helped the students effectively.
E. Data Analysis Technique
In this research, the researcher analyzed the data gathered through triangulation. The researcher used data triangulation to ensure the reliability and
validity of the research. The data were gathered using observation checklist, field notes, questionnaire, interview, and the result of pronunciation tests. The data in
this research would be qualitative data. Before analyzing the data, the researcher made the indicators for the
students‟ achievement in improving their pronunciation. Kenworthy 1997 mentions the causes of unintelligible pronunciation related with the sounds i.e.
sound substitutions, sound deletions and sounds insertions. Since their problems in pronunciation were commonly sound substitution and sound deletions, the
researcher made indicator that when the students could fix those problems and there was an improvement in producing intelligible pronunciation, the researcher
could stop the cycle. Their improvement could be seen from the pronunciation tests. The cycle would stop when the results showed at least 50 of the students
made mistake less than five after the implementation of the action. The first technique in analyzing the data was that analyzed the result of the
pronunciation tests. The researcher examined the improvement made by the students after the action implemented. If the students made significant
improvement after the action implemented, it meant that the use of movies in the classroom helped the students to improve their pronunciation.
The researcher analyzed filed notes which were written by the outside observers based on the real situation in the classroom. The researcher also
analyzed the observation checklists in which it explained about the teacher‟s activities and the students‟ activities in the classroom during the implementation
of the action. After that, the researcher sum up the result from the field notes and observation checklist. If the result showed that the action was implemented
properly and the students gave positive response toward the action, it meant that the use of movies to help the students improving their pronunciation was done
effectively. The next technique was analyzing the data from the questionnaire. The
researcher analyzed the data from the questionnaire using Likert Scale. Moreover, the researcher presented the data in the form of percentage and description. The
data would be about students‟ perception toward the use of movies in improving their pronunciation.
The researcher also conducted interview for five students of class XI EL. The aim of conducting interview was to know detail information from the students
about the use of movies in improving their pronunciation. It was also used to check students‟ opinion in the questionnaire. The researcher combined and
contrasted the data gathered from the interview with other data.
F. Research Procedure
