a Positive Interdependence
The students are able to learn from each other. They must also work together to ensure there is one product to their learning. They must check that everyone can
understand and answer the question. b
Individual accountability Students are responsible to share their ideas each other. The student may
also be required to share their partner’s ideas to another pair or whole group. Every student must be able to give the group response to the question.
c Equal participation
Each student within the group has an equal opportunity to share. It is possible that one student tries to dominate. The teacher can check this does not
happen. d
Simultaneous interaction All of the students were actively engaged in purposeful speaking and
listening. e
Multilevel This kind of learning can be used in any kinds of level, but of course it has
to be adjusted with the material given.
B. Relevant Studies
There were already two relevant studies regarding the application of NHT strategy. They are Rahma Deni 2014
“Improving Students’ Speaking Ability
toward Cooperative Learning type Numbered Head Together ” and Anggraini
2011 “Improving Students’ Speaking Skills using Numbered Heads Together”.
Rahma Deni 2014 did the research because when curriculum 2013 had been applied, the English teaching and learning process was still not maximal. The
application of curriculum 2013 requires the teacher to select strategy, method and teaching model to get the purpose of teaching skill. Without variation of teaching
model in teaching learning process, the students felt bored and less of enthusiastic. Monotonous teaching process, which focus on one teaching models or less of
teaching variation, was one of factors that influences students unable to achieve the teaching purpose. This influence gave
bad effect to students’ scores. After doing the research, Rahma Deni found that teaching speaking through
Numbered Heads Together gives good effect and advantages to the application of the curriculum 2013
. The research results show that the students’ speaking skills improved through the application of NHT strategy. The students made good
improvement in some aspects of speaking skill such as pronunciation, fluency, and interactive communication. They were more confident to speak English and they
had more chances to speak up. They also easily learnt the materials with a group and actively participated during the teaching and learning process. They were more
aware of the mistakes or errors which were made, as they always gave feedback to others’ performances. The various activities made the class atmosphere enjoyable.
The group work activities which were applied, improved the students’
understanding towards the materials.
Anggraini 2011 did research to grade VIII of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta. She found that by applying Numbered Heads Together in the teaching and learning
process, teachers could improve the students ’ speaking skills and the situation of
the speaking class. Through Numbered Heads Together strategy, the teacher could make the students become more active in speaking class. The students were more
serious when they work together with their friends to answer the questions. The students were more motivated when Numbered Heads Together strategy was
applied in teaching and learning process. The students focused on the explanation from the teacher. All of the students had opportunities to practice in speaking class.
In conclusion, Num bered Heads Together could improve the students’ speaking
skills.
C. Conceptual Framework
