32 maintaining the content or message of the SL where it can only be translated as ‘saya
menciumnya’.
3. Idiomatic Translation
Larson in Choliludin 2006:23 states that idiomatictranslationusingnaturalforminthe
TLT, according to
itsgrammaticalconstructionsandlexicalchoice. A translation that is truly idiomatic does not seem like a product of translation. It seems like it is directly written by the original
speaker. Therefore, a good translator will translate a text idiomatically. Newmark 1988:47 adds that idiomatic translation reproduces the message conveyed in the SL by
using the more natural and familiar words of TL. A brief example of this method can be seen below.
SL :
I’ll shout you beer. TL
: Mari minum bir sama-sama, saya yang bayar.
The idiom ‘I’ll shout you beer’ is translated as ‘Mari minum bir sama-sama, saya yang bayar’ which sounds more natural according to daily conversation in the TL
instead of translating it as ‘saya meneriakkanmu sebuah bir.’
4. Communicative Translation
According toNewmark1988:47, communicativetranslationattempts totranslate thecontextualmeaning oftheSLT, bothaspects of languageandaspects ofcontents, in order
to be acceptedandunderstoodbythe reader. Machali2000:55 addsthatthismethod highly pays attention to the principlesof communication
which is the readersandtranslationpurposes.
33 In additionNababan2003:41
explainsthat thecommunicativetranslationbasicallyemphasizesthe transfer ofmessages. This method
isvery concerned aboutthe readerorlistenerof TLwhodo not expect anydifficultiesandambiguitiesin the translation text. This methodis alsoconcerned
aboutthe effectiveness of translationlanguage. For instance, the statement ’Awas Anjing Galak’ can be translated as “Beware of the dog” instead of “Beware of the vicious
dog” becausethe statement “Beware of the dog” has beckoned that ‘the dog’ is vicious galak.
2.6 Shifts
Eachlanguagehasits ownrules. The rulesappliedin a certain language are not necessarily appliedinother languages. This applies toallelements ofthe language;
grammar, phonology, andsemantics. It canalsobe saidthattoexpress the meaning, languagehasits ownwayin usingthe linguistic devices. For example, in expressing a
plural form of a noun, English uses morpheme –s in the end of the word whereas in Indonesian Language, it is sometimes by repeating the pertinent noun or by using
another words that express the concept of more than one or many, such as dua, beberapa, atau banyak, without changing or repeating the form of the related noun.
Based on that fact, it is natural to using shifts in the process of translation. The translatorsmight face a plethora of linguistic, stylistic and even cultural
problems inthey attempt to transfer meaning from SL to TL by means of the universally known practice of translation. In this regard, Popovic 1970:79 confirms that this
transfer is not performed directly and is not without its difficulties. This means that the
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