28 Thistranslation methodhas something in common witha word-for-
wordtranslationand free translation thatthe equivalency of wordsis alwaysout of context. In the process of translation, the translatorseeksto find thegrammaticalconstruction
ofSLintothe grammaticalconstructions of TL. In applying this method, the translator seems to apply word-for-word translation, but then theyadjust the grammatical structure
according to the grammatical structure of TL as showninthe examplebelow: a. SL :
It’s raining cats and dogs. TL :
Hujan kucing dan anjing. b. SL :
His heart in the right place. TL :
Hatinya berada di tempat yang benar. c. SL :
The sooner or the later the weather will change. TL :
Lebih cepat atau lebih lambat cuaca akan berubah. Based on translation product, some of the words that are translated literally still
sounded awkward, for instance, the sentence a is better to be translated as ‘hujan deras’ instead of ‘hujan kucing dan anjing’. Sentence b is supposed to be translated as ‘hatinya
tenteram’ instead of ‘hatinya berada di tempat yang benar’ because those are what the real meanings are. Likewise, sentence c is better to be translated as ‘cepat atau lambat
cuacanya akan berubah.’
3. Faithful translation
This kind of translation method seeks to be as faithful as possible in producing the contextual meaning of the SLT though violates the grammatical structure of the TL.
29 This method is freer than literal translation, but it still feels rigid because it is very
faithful to the intent and purpose of SL as shown in the example below.
SL :
Ben is too well aware that he’s naughty. TL
: Ben menyadari terlalu baik bahwa ia nakal.
Even though the meaning in the TL is very close faithful with the meaning in the SL, it still sounds rigid. It will be more natural and appropriate if it gets polished one
more time in the stage of harmonization and then adjust it according to the grammatical structure of TL into ‘Ben sangat sadar bahwa ia nakal.’
4. Semantic Translation
Thiskindoftranslationmethod isfocusedon finding the equivalence of words whichremainsbound to theculture ofthe SLandtrying to change thecontextualmeaning
ofthe SLthat isas close as possibleto thesyntacticandsemanticstructure ofthe TL. For example, if a command sentence in English is translated into Indonesian Language, then
the translation must be also in a form of command or directive. The words that construct the command sentence in English must have component of meaning which is exactly the
same with the ones in its translation. The example of this type of translation can be seen
shown in example below.
Situation A. Mrs. Max
: You must close the door right now.
Micky :
Yes, mom.
Situation B.
Mrs. Max :
You must close the door right now.
30 Micky
: Yes, madam.
From the examples above, it can be seen that the words ‘mom’ and ‘madam’ refer to the same referent which is Mrs. Max Micky’s mother. What distinguishes these
two words is the component of meaning. The components of meaning of word ‘mom’ are 1 informal and 2 intimate, while in word ‘madam’ are 1 formal and 2 not
intimate. In translating these two words based on semantic translation, it is expected to find the component of meaning that is exactly the same with the in SL which in this case
is English Language. Therefore, if the word ‘mom’ is translated into Indonesian Language, it will be ‘ma’ for they share the same components of meaning.
The same thing also happens with word ‘madam’. If it is translated into Indonesian Language, it will be’bu’ for they also belong to the same components of
meaning which are formal and not intimate.
2.5.2 TL Emphasis Method
