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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
In this chapter, the writer tries to give a description of theoretical framework, which is covering of The General Concept of the Grammar and Passive Voice, the
Contextual Teaching and Learning.
A. The General Concept of the Grammar and Passive voice
1. The Definition of Grammar
Grammar is use to understand the meaning of the conversation means and to know the rule of the grammar in the practice. Grammar is important, but
most of the time, in most parts of the world, people, especially students probably teach too much of it.
Grammar is the system of relationships between elements of the sentence that links the „sounds‟ to the „meanings‟. Grammar is the structural foundation
of our ability to express ourselves. The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monitor the meaning and effectiveness of the way others and
we use language. According to Richard Nordquist, grammar divided into two types;
Descriptive grammar refers to the structure of a language, as it is actually use by speakers and writers. Perspective grammar refers to the structure of a
language as certain people think it should be used. Both kinds of grammar are concerned with rules, but in different ways. Specialist in descriptive grammar
linguist studies the rules or patterns that underlie our use of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences. On the other hand, perspectives grammarians most
editors and teachers layout rules about what they believe to be the „correct‟ or „incorrect‟ use of language.
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From the text above, we can conclude that grammar has any different function for each user with their rules and different ways.
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Grammar.about.comodbasicsentensegrammaragrammarintro.htm
In our Glossary of Grammatical and Rhetorical Terms, there are two definitions of grammar:
1. The systematic of study and description of a language.
2. A set of rules and examples dealing with the syntax and word
structures of a language, usually intended as an aid to the learning of that language.
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Actually, every language has a grammatical system. The grammatical system of English makes possible the expression of meaning. Grammar easier
the speaker and listener to understand what they are talking about. The study of grammar as process is the study of grammar as it is deployed
in communication, and communication is concerned in part with the exchange and sharing of knowledge through language. Grammar is important in this
process, but it does not stand-alone. Rather, grammar is a resource that we elaborate more or less, as the occasion requires.
Grammar of a language as the knowledge that every speaker of the language has, or the explicit description made by a linguist, or both, the
grammar must contain three parts. Part one, of course as semantics, the knowledge from the point of view of the individual who speaks and hears
other speaking, or the description from a linguist‟s point of view, of meaningful units like words and meaningful combinations of words like
sentences.
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2. The Definition of Tense
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