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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter consists of five parts, namely background of the study, aim of the study, problem formulation, and benefits of the study and definition of terms.
The background of the study explains the topic of this study. The aim of the study deals with the objectives of the thesis. The problem formulation consists of two
questions which in general describe the problems that will be analyzed in this thesis. Benefits of the study explain the advantages of conducting this thesis.
Definition of Terms gives the explanation about some terms that are related to the study to avoid misunderstanding about them.
1.1 Background of the Study
God creates human variously. Therefore, everybody is unique. Human have different point of view about life. It depends on how they see their life.
Therefore, each of them also has hisher own goals of life. These goals will be achieved if they have willingness to stimulate themselves to make it real. In other
words, they must have motivation. Motivation is one of the important things for somebody. This motivation can lead someone’s desire to become stronger to
achieve her goal of life. Beck states that motivation is broadly concerned with the contemporary determinants of choice direction, persistence, and vigor of goal-
directed behavior 24. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
There are various motivations in or to achieve goals. According to Maslow, there are five motivations in human needs. He called these motivations a
hierarchy of needs. They are physiological needs, safety needs, love or belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization. In self-actualization,
Maslow states that self-actualized persons were interested in the goals toward which they were working, but in many instances, the way in which the goals were
pursued was a goal itself. They took satisfaction in both doing and the product of that doing 309. Hence, if a person wants to get success to achieve the goals, one
of way to make it real is through working. In this study, I will discuss the main characters who work as prostitutes.
Prostitution is the oldest profession in the world. During the middle ages, prostitution was not prohibited. The attitude of worldly and religious authorities
towards prostitution was pragmatic. Many countries tolerated prostitution to protect chaste female citizens from rape and defilement. There were, however, a
number of conditions imposed on prostitutes and their clients. Prostitutes were not allowed to be married http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiMiddle_Age_Prostitution.
So, we can see here that in the past, prostitution is legal although there are some rules for the prostitutes. Many countries were not prohibited female citizens to be
prostitutes because they wanted to protect them from rape and defilement. Hence, prostitution was legal.
On the contrary, some countries prohibited prostitution. For example in Dutch society. In Dutch, prostitution was considered a dishonorable profession.
Prostitutes were not expected to conform to sexual rules, but prostitutes were not PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
protected by the law. The concept of honor was very important in early modern Dutch society. Honor had social significance, but it also had legal ramifications.
Honorable people had more rights. Until the late sixteenth century honor, aside from citizenship, was the most important criterion for the stratification of society
http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiMiddle_Age_Prostitution.htm. In other words, we can say that Dutch society prohibit prostitution because they regard that
prostitution is dishonorable. It is just unworthy profession. Holden Caulfield claims that the word prostitute is sometimes generalized
to mean the selling of one’s services for a cause thought to be unworthy, in the sense of prostituting oneself or whoring oneself
http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiThe_Cather_in_the_Rhy. Currently, women working as prostitutes are perceived as bad girls and contravening social norms.
Society stigma still believes that there is no positive side of being prostitutes. Working as prostitutes are worst, even if it is their choice of life. In fact, they are
working to survive in society. They just want to make money for their life. Ironically, prostitution is considered as an unworthy profession since the
prostitutes sells their service using her beauty of their body to attract men in exchange for money.
As I have explained above, both of main characters work as prostitutes. They decide to be prostitutes as their choice of life. There are many motivations
why they choose prostitutes as their profession. Therefore, in this study, I am interested in knowing their motivation beyond their decisions in becoming
prostitutes. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
1.2 Problem Formulation
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