2.2 Theoretical Framework
The analysis explains some theories to answer the problem formulation proposed in the problem formulation. They are theory of critical approach to
literature, theory of character and characterization, theory of comparative study, theory of psychology and theory of motivation.
First, the writer uses theory of critical approach to literature and theory of character to answer the first problem formulation that is about the characterization
of Firdaus and Maria as the main character. The theory of critical approach contains the psychological approach proposed by Rohrbrger and Woods. This
approach used in order to help the writer in analyzing the main character so that the writer is able to answer the first problem formulation. Then, the writer applies
theory of character and characterization proposed by Murphy. This theory presents nine ways in knowing the characters in a story. Therefore, it is very
useful to get deeper understanding on their characters. Next, the writer uses theory of comparative literature, theory of
psychology and theory of motivation in order to answer the second problem formulation about the motivation of Firdaus and Maria in becoming a prostitute.
The writer presents theory of comparative literature proposed by Holman and Harmon also Remak. Using this theory, the writer is able to compare the idea
about the differences and similarity of the Firdaus’s and Maria’s motivation in becoming a prostitute. Furthermore, the writer employs theory of psychology
stated by Freud. This theory explains the psychoanalytic concepts which has relation with someone’s motivation. Therefore, it becomes important points in
analyzing the motivation of Firdaus and Maria in becoming a prostitute. In addition, the writer applies theory of motivation defined by Murphy. He explains
the basic needs to understand human motivation in his theory. They are physiological needs, safety need, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-
actualization. Thus, this theory is crucial in order to analyze the motivation of Firdaus and Maria in becoming a prostitute.
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CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
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