Data Collection Method of the Study

3 …As the bell sounded the hour, there came a knocking at the street door. p. 280  Final Position Those are some examples of adjunct of space in three different occurrences. When the adjunct appears in the initial position, it immediately points out the manner or situation before the action is described in the sentence. When the adjunct appears in the middle or final position, it may modify or be the complement of the verb. The narrator mentions now in the beginning to give the clear explanation of time before the reader confused with when the action takes place. In the second example, the narrator tells about where he went to, thus the adjunct works as complement because the verb needs complement, but not only that, it still gives the border of the setting. While still on the same page, adjuncts of time and adjuncts of manner are less often to be complements, but more likely to be modifiers. The third example shows that the adjunct of place modifies the noun. The adjunct explains where the knock came from. The occurrences are the same with the other adjuncts, such as adjunct of time, adjunct of manner, and adjunct of respect. Table 4. The Occurrence of Adjuncts in The Tell-Tale Heart Initial Position Middle Position Final Position Total 11 129 51 191 Table 4 shows the occurrence of adverbial phrases in the short story. Most of them appear in the middle of a sentence. It has many occurrences in number which are 129 data. Adverbs in middle position help to invite the reader’s attention to the more detailed information, such as how, where, or when the action takes PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI place. It is because the adverbs’ position occurs near the verbs, which are the core of every sentence. The adjuncts that occur in the final position are the next adverbial phrases that often appear in the story. There are 51 adjuncts in final position found in the short story. Some adjuncts are repeated in the middle of a sentence, but it is counted as one adjunct if the adjunct is same. The adjuncts that appear in the final position usually give the extra information to the sentence. However, they can also be the main focus of the sentence. Geoffrey Leech states that “The principle that last is most important means that the nuclear tones neutral position is at the end of the tone unit, specifically, on the last lexical item, or content word ” 1981: 212. In the other words, the reader would take the adjunct in the end of a sentence as something essential to the story. It is not only as a modifier of a sentence, but it may have special context to the story. The least adjunct occurrence in the story is the adjunct occurrence in the initial position. There are 11 data found in the short story. The difference is quite high compared to the other position. This is because the types of adverb that usually appear in initial position are conjunct, disjunct, and subjunct. Adjunct is less common to be in initial position, thus, the amount of adjunct in The Tell-Tale Heart is relatively little. Adverbs in the initial position draw the reader’s attention about the situation in a sentence first before the reader understand the action or the whole sentence. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI