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19 Authoring software is the term for the programs that are used to develop
multimedia and web applications. We live in a complex environment of sights and sounds. Increasingly computer applications can reflect the complexity and
richness of the real world by incorporating multimedia. Multimedia involves the use of a variety of media formats text, visual, audio, video in a single
presentation or product. Authoring software allows teachers or students to develop multimedia applications.
B. Theoretical Framework
This research focused on students’ perception on the use of computer
software to develop listening media in Language Teaching Media class. There were some objectives that were going to be reached through this research. The
first one was how the listening media was produced by the students and the second one was to investigate
students’ perception on the use of computer software to develop listening media in Language Teaching Media class. In order
to gain the answer of research questions, this research employed four major theories. Those theories are the perception, the listening media, the instructional
design, and the electronic learning. First, the researcher elaborated the theories of listening and instructional
design in order to explain how the real practice of developing listening media and it would be compared to the theory of listening itself. The researcher wanted to
look whether or not the students developed the listening media by considering
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20 factors that influenced listening skill. It was important because listening was the
way of effective communication, just like Brownell 1996 states that effective communication begins with listening, not speaking. So that later, the target
listeners could gather much information clearly and precisely based on the listening media that had been made by their teachers.
The researcher also wanted to investigate whether or not the students set a plan in making their listening media. For teachers, there were three basic elements
that they must pay attention to Kemp, 1980: 6. The first one was the objectives. The objectives contained the goals that had to be reached by the students, what
students must learn from a study. If the teacher did not set a goal for the students, the teacher could not know the direction of where they were going to. They could
not know what the purpose of learning was. The goal of learning was important to gain studen
ts’ motivation in learning English. The second element of instructional design was the teaching and learning
strategies in which teachers must set a plan to conduct a process of learning. The procedures and the resources were required to accomplish the learning. After
teachers set their goals of learning, the second thing the teachers must do was drawing the way how they went to reach the aims. The way the teachers were
going to make included the tools that helped them to reach the aim of learning. Here the theory of learning media was also needed. By using the theory of
learning media, the researcher could see whether students in Language Teaching Media class using appropriate media because media are not only used as
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21 supplementary to, or in support of, instruction, but are the instructional input itself
as stated by Kemp 1980: 7. The last element of instructional design was the evaluation. Evaluation had
an important role in seeing the first step of this element, which was objectives, whether it had been reached or not. For teachers, evaluation was important
because they could reflect on the process that had happened in their class. The teachers could decide whether their students got new knowledge and understood
the media or they got nothing from the learning process, especially in listening class.
To answer the second research question, the researcher elaborated three theories. Those theories were the perception, the learning media and the electronic
learning E-learning. In order to explain the definition and the factors influencing perception, the researcher used theory proposed by Altman et al. 1985. There
were four factors influencing perception and those were the selection of stimuli, the organization of stimuli, the situation, and the self-concept. Theory of learning
media combined along with the theory of perception was aimed to gain the data whether it was suitable in developing listening media. The researcher combined
the perception theory with the electronic learning E-learning theory in order to gain deeper information on the use of software in Language Teaching Media
class.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents a rationale for the research method and analysis. The researcher describes the methods of the research analysis, outlines the procedure
in gathering and analyzing the data, and reveals the boundaries of the research. This part is divided into six parts, namely, the research method, the research
setting, the research participants, the instrument and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure
A. Research Method
The researcher used mixed method in this study. Mixed method was the combination between a quantitative and a qualitative method. As stated by Gall,
Gall and Borg 2006, mixed method is a technique that combines both qualitative and quantitative methods in the design of a single study p. 32. In 2006, Lodico,
Spaulding, and Voegtle conclude that a mixed method combines the strength of both qualitative and quantitative research. It provides both an in-depth look at
context, processes, and interactions and a precise measurement of attitudes and outcomes p. 282. It was also supported by Creswell 2009 when the quantitative
and qualitative data are used together in the research; a mixed method approach will give a better understanding of the research questions than either type by itself.
