Since the focus on this research was on verbal interaction, this research would use audio recorder to collect data. It aimed to support the data obtained
during the observation and the interview. It helped to make sure that all the data was obtained. It eased the process of analysis since it could be played many times
as needed. Audio recording was the ideal instrument to record the data during the observation. It would not disturb the teacher and the students so the observed one
was the natural one.
3.4 Source of Data
Since this research aimed at exploring the teachers’ belief in TSs interaction, the participants were those who could give clear insight about that
topic. Hence, this research used purposeful sampling as suggested by Creswell 2012. He stated that it was the way chosen by qualitative researchers to best
understand the phenomenon. According to Patton 1990, p. 169 in Creswell 2012; 206, the participants should be information rich. By having the right target
as the participants, the information gathered would be valid and complete. Graves 2000 implied that belief came from past experience and belief about learning
and teaching that grew out of and guide that experience. Thus, to get the belief in teacher-students interaction, the participants were those who had experienced
learning about interaction in young learner classroom in their research or educational training. Through having those experiences, they had some belief
related to the topic of this research. Since the focus of this research was the interaction in learning English in elementary school, the basic knowledge was
about teaching English to young learners. Besides, they should have experienced a lot in teaching so that they had evaluated their theories and had some judgments
to believe on. The more experience the teachers had, the more reliant on their “core” principles they had become Gallo et al, 2001.In this research, it was
decided to choose participants who had experienced teaching English in Elementary school for more than 10 years.
In this research, the chosen participants who were considered as rich informants were two Elementary School teachers of English who were
experienced and having background knowledge about teaching English to Young Learners. They were English teachers in Kanisius elementary schools. Both were
from two different Kanisius Elementary schools. In this research, the participants were one English teacher from SD Kanisius Wates and another one from SD
Kanisius Kotabaru. Both of them had learnt about English teaching in their English language Education study program. They also had taught for more than
10 years. Kanisius schools were chosen since compared to the other elementary
schools, these schools remain to have English as subject to learn for their students. Since their newest curriculum does not involve English as Elementary subject,
Kanisius Elementary schools decided to teach English using the guide of curriculum 2006 Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan in which English was
still considered as the course to teach. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
3.5 Data Collecting Techniques
As stated in the literature review above, teachers’ belief could be obtained from what the teachers did during the TSs interaction. Therefore, investigating
teachers’ belief was better done through a ‘direct observation’ as suggested by Pajares 1992. Besides, Watson-Gegeo in Sibley 1990,p.6 also agreed on the
use of observation to investigate classroom interaction. They stated that interaction could be investigated through observation but it must be ‘systematic,
intensive, and detailed’. In this research, the observation was done for many times as needed. The
first participant was observed for three times. It was on April 13, 2016, April 20, 2016, and May 25, 2016. While, the second participant was observed twice. It was
on April 11, 2016 and April 18, 2016. Direct observation was done to obtain how the interaction went through between the teacher and the students. It was done
more than once to make sure that the data obtained can give information to the real pattern of the interaction in that class.
The observation took places in English classes of fourth graders and fifth graders. Which classes to observe were decided by the teachers. During the
observation, taking notes and recording the audio were done to get the data. The recording was transcribed to ease the analysis. After those data were prepared and
analyzed, some important points that were considered as important themes were investigated more in the interview.
Investigating teachers’ belief through doing direct observation was not enough yet. Hence, after doing the direct observation, the interview was done. The
