3.7 Trustworthiness
To keep the trustworthiness for this research, the data and the analysis should be trustworthy. The instruments as well as the finding should be valid and
reliable. In this research, the trustworthiness of the data was achieved by doing cross- checking. It is done by having multiple data instrumentation namely direct
observation and interview. According to Ary et al. 2010, if multiple data sources result in similar findings, the reliability of the research is improved. The data was
compared whether they supported each other. What was found during the observation was discussed and investigated further during the interview. This was
why the interviews were done right after the observation. It aimed to know the teachers’ consideration affecting their actions during TSs interaction at that time.
Besides aiming to achieve the trustworthiness of data, the interviews were also done to confirm the results of the analysis. After having enough data, the
analysis was presented and discussed with the teacher on the interview. As a result, the discussions in the chapter 4 were presented with the teachers’
confirmation. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
31
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the research results and the discussion. The results consist of two big lines namely types of interaction and pattern of interaction.
Then, the analysis of the results is presented in a discussion. It covers the teachers’ belief on three parts of interaction system namely goals of TSs
interaction, process of TSs interaction and the components of TSs interaction.
4.1 RESULTS
In this section, the results of collecting data are presented. Some samples of data obtained from the observation notes and transcripts and the interview
transcripts are provided. The coding above the data is the number of sample which is written in ‘ ’ and the coding below the sample is the locator for the source
presented in appendices.
4.1.1 Types of TSs Interaction
Although TSs interaction existed in English class, the language used was not in full English. In fact, it consisted of English the target language, Bahasa
Indonesia the students’ first language and Javanese language the students’ native language. The distribution use of those languages was varied for each
class. The teachers agree that Bahasa Indonesia was used more compared to English. Besides that, Javanese language was also used sometimes. Therefore, the
distribution of the medium instruction was approximately 60: 35:5 for PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Bahasa Indonesia, English, and Javanese language. In this case, the use of English depended on the students’ language proficiency and students’ motivation. The
correlation was positive. The higher the students’ language proficiency or and the higher the students’ motivation to use English was, the larger the English portion
would be. Commonly, English was used for simple interaction such as greeting and classroom instruction. When it came to discussion, teachers would guide and
explain in Bahasa Indonesia. At the other time, Javanese language was only used if the teachers wanted to warn or make jokes to the students. Here is the detail for
each type of interaction.
4.1.1.1 English- English TSs Interaction During the observation, English-English interaction was promoted more in
the first participant’s class. She expected that in English learning, the students were able to communicate using simple expressions. To achieve that goal, she
often initiated TSs interaction in English. Thus, the students would be accustomed to such expressions and be able to respond them in English. The teacher wanted
their students to practice communicating in English started in a classroom. Realizing that the students were still in a basic level, the teacher only applied
English interaction for simple communication such as greeting, discussing things using display questions, giving classroom instruction, and closing. For instance,
here was the dialogue for the greeting. 1
T : Attentions please, get set. Ss : Get set stand up.
T : Good afternoon, students. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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