3.5 Data Collecting Techniques
As stated in the literature review above, teachers’ belief could be obtained from what the teachers did during the TSs interaction. Therefore, investigating
teachers’ belief was better done through a ‘direct observation’ as suggested by Pajares 1992. Besides, Watson-Gegeo in Sibley 1990,p.6 also agreed on the
use of observation to investigate classroom interaction. They stated that interaction could be investigated through observation but it must be ‘systematic,
intensive, and detailed’. In this research, the observation was done for many times as needed. The
first participant was observed for three times. It was on April 13, 2016, April 20, 2016, and May 25, 2016. While, the second participant was observed twice. It was
on April 11, 2016 and April 18, 2016. Direct observation was done to obtain how the interaction went through between the teacher and the students. It was done
more than once to make sure that the data obtained can give information to the real pattern of the interaction in that class.
The observation took places in English classes of fourth graders and fifth graders. Which classes to observe were decided by the teachers. During the
observation, taking notes and recording the audio were done to get the data. The recording was transcribed to ease the analysis. After those data were prepared and
analyzed, some important points that were considered as important themes were investigated more in the interview.
Investigating teachers’ belief through doing direct observation was not enough yet. Hence, after doing the direct observation, the interview was done. The
interviews with the first participants were done on April 13, 2016, April 20, 2016, May 11, 2016, and June 6, 2016. While, the interview with the second participants
were done on April 11, 2016, April 18, 2016, May 23, 2016, and June 17, 2016. By having interview as the data collection technique, useful information that
could not be directly observed could be gained. Besides, the interviewer also had better control over the types of information received, because the interviewer
could ask specific questions to elicit this information Ary, et al, 2010. Both participants would be interviewed to clarify things and ask for clearer explanation
for what had happen during the TSs interaction in class. As the last technique, the teachers were interviewed again to cross- check the result of data analysis.
3.6 Data Analysis
In this research, the process of analyzing data was adopted from Creswell 2012. It consists of collecting data, preparing data for analysis, reading through
data, coding the data, and coding the text for themes and description to be used in the research report. After the observation notes and interview transcript have been
ready to a, the process of reading, coding, and describing will be done. Table 3.1 Procedures of Data Analysis
Process Results
collecting data observation
notes, audio files of observation and interview
preparing data for analysis observation
notes, transcripts
of classroom observation and interview
reading through data notes of important understanding
coding data coded data
coding the text for description to be used in the research report
description coding the text for themes to be used
in the research report themes
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