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Therefore, her attractive even seductive character fails the striving for self- esteem. The unfavorable environment then leads her to fail the striving for self-
concept. Those failure lead her into the inferiority complex.
c. Striving for Security
Adler 1956 states that the self-esteem safeguarding tendency is the one originate the feeling of insecurity. A person with this feeling fears of
disparagement and disgrace p. 109. Morris 1990 also has the idea that the striving for security deals with the desire to live comfortably in the milieu p.
431. She had been a streetcar conductor for several years; what she liked about
the job was the uniform and the constant motion, the changing scenery and the wheels rolling under her feet. p. 39.
From her job as a streetcar conductor above Hanna Schmitz finds the
security she needs. Behind her uniform no one would know her illiteracy, and no one would scorn her of being illiterate. On the rolling wheels no one would talk to
her about her personal life. This security is her way to disguise and hide her inability. Moreover, with her uniform she wears she can be seen as superior. Here
when the promotion to be a foreman is offered, her striving for security is failed p. 96. Again, the illiteracy and the antisocial characters dominate the cause of
Hanna‘s inferiority complex that she fails to strive for security.
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d. Striving for Power
As has been discussed earlier that according Morris 1990, the need of power can be defined as the need to win recognition or to influence or control
other people or group p. 428.
I took all the blame. I admitted mistakes I hadn‘t made, intentions I‘d never had. Whenever she turned cold and hard, I begged her to be good to
me again, to forgive me and love me. p. 49-50 With Hanna thing felt good for weeks
—inspite of our fights, inspite of the fact that she pushed me away again and again, and again and again I
crawled to her....‖ p. 67
Here Hanna uses her domination and even shows her remorseless behavior toward Michael to control him, and she does not fail the as the quotation of
Michael‘s statement above shown. As well as her striving for security, this overpowering becomes her way to strive towards the superiority and power to
conceal the inferiority complex she has. Hanna‘s domineering and remorseless characters take part in this striving for power. Yet, when Hanna is to leave her job
as a streetcar conductor which means she has to leave Michael as her ―victim‖ chap. 17, p. 81-83, the striving for power faces failure, the inferiority complex
then occurs. It comes to the conclusion that the illiteracy which makes Hanna develop
unfavorable character traits, the condition that forces Hanna to withdraw from the society, and the social life limitation bring Hanna to the failures of the four
strivings. The failures of the four strivings as discussed above become the main causes
of Hanna
Schmitz‘s inferiority
complex.
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CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter consists of two parts. The first part contains the conclusion of the study in which the answers of the formulated problems are presented. The
second part is the suggestions which are for the next researchers and for the implementation of The Reader in teaching English.
A. Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the previous chapter, this study comes into conclusions which can be drawn as follows:
Dealing with the physical appearance, Michael Berg sees Hanna Schmitz as an attractive, even seductive woman. In the social environment background,
Hanna‘s past life and the works she has done build some of her personality traits her strong independence. Working in the army in her twenties and being a guard
at SS affect her in self-discipline, firm and strong manner. She also has a remorseless behavior which is developed at SS for choosing the prisoner and
sending them to death. Hanna Schmitz‘s social life condition closely concerns with her illiteracy.
Hanna is illiterate and the illiteracy is kept as a secret in almost of her life. Hanna sees her illiteracy as an intolerable defect. Her decision to accept the accusation
and her willingness to be imprisoned are also triggered by the illiteracy. Hanna is a picture of deformity living in the greatness of Nazi regime in Germany.
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