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a. Striving for Perfection
It is said by Adler that the basic human motivation is to strive ―from a felt minus situation towards a plus situation, from a feeling of inferiority towards
superiority, perfection, totality‖ as stated in Cloninger, 2004, p. 106. The striving for perfection concerns with two main subjects; for physical growth and
for the intrinsic necessities of life. As the physical appearance of Hanna has been discussed earlier, it can be seen that there is no relation between the inferiority
complex and her physical growth or appearance. The striving for perfection endured by Hanna as the cause of her inferiority complex is related to the intrinsic
necessities of life itself. Striving for intrinsic necessities of life can be found further in the self-
actualization needs and the belonging and love needs. The self-actualization needs, according to Huffman, are about the inborn drives to develop someone‘s
talent and capacities. The reference of the needs is the finding of self-fulfillment p. 463. Here as it is known, Hanna does not have the capacity of being able to
read and write in almost her lifetime as it is said by Michael, ―I sent her tapes. Frau Schmitz was illiterate almost all her life; she only learned to read and write
in prison.‖ p. 213. Therefore, Hanna cannot develop her talent and capacities. Her capacity as being a streetcar conductor is to be ended as well for her
avoidance of the Siemens‘ promotion as a foreman p. 96, she is afraid that her illiteracy will be exposed when being trained. Her capacity as female guards at
Auschwitz to guide the woman prisoners then must be discontinued as the war
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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ends p. 97. Her behavior for not being truthful then sends her to the prison, makes her sentenced to life p. 161. Here from the rationale above, the self-
actualization needs are failed to fulfill. Related to Hanna‘s characters as an illiterate person, the striving for
perfection is failed. The failure then leads to Hanna‘s inferiority complex.
b. Striving for Self -Concept and Self-Esteem
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