The Method of the Research and Research Design

B. The Method of the Research and Research Design

1. The Method of the Research

A research method is a systematic way to solve problem in a research through collecting data, analyzing data, and at last taking conclusions. Method is a particular way of doing something (Hornby, 2000: 803). Tuckman (1978: 1) says “research is a systematic attempt to provide answers to questions”. Meanwhile, according to Hatch and Farhady (in Larsen, 1991:10) “research is a systematic approach to finding answers to questions”. Ary (1985: 26) says “research method refers to the general strategy followed in gathering and analyzing the data necessary for A research method is a systematic way to solve problem in a research through collecting data, analyzing data, and at last taking conclusions. Method is a particular way of doing something (Hornby, 2000: 803). Tuckman (1978: 1) says “research is a systematic attempt to provide answers to questions”. Meanwhile, according to Hatch and Farhady (in Larsen, 1991:10) “research is a systematic approach to finding answers to questions”. Ary (1985: 26) says “research method refers to the general strategy followed in gathering and analyzing the data necessary for

According to Ary (1985:26), experimental study is “a scientific investigation in which an investigator manipulates and

controls one or more independent variables and observes the dependent variable or variables for variation concomitant to the manipulation of the independent variables”.

Larsen (1991: 21) says that experimental has two criteria. They are ;

1) At least two groups included in the study; a controlled group and an experimental group.

2) The subjects are randomly assigned to one of those groups

Based on the previous explanation, an important point to note about the goal of experimental study is that it is functioned to analyze whether there is any cause-effect or not, and how far the cause-effect of a technique or method by giving certain condition to experimental group and controlled group for making comparison.

2. The Design of the Research The design used in the research is factorial design (2x2). Generally, this research is aimed at knowing the effect of group-discussion using 2. The Design of the Research The design used in the research is factorial design (2x2). Generally, this research is aimed at knowing the effect of group-discussion using

Methods of Expository Group-discussion Teaching (A)

Teaching Model

(A 1 )

Interest (B) (A 2 ) High (B 1 )

A 1 B 1 A 2 B 1 Low (B 2 )

A 1 B 2 A 2 B 2 Table 4. Research Design

There are three variables in the research, namely two independent variables and a dependent variable. The independent variables are: (1) teaching methods that consist of group-discussion and expository teaching model; (2) students’ interest which can be differentiated into high and low. Whereas, the dependent variable is students’ reading achievement. Those above variables can be explained further as follows:

a. Group-discussion is a teaching method involving high students’ participation to solve problem in comprehending reading text. Through group-discussion, students with low skills of reading can get advantages by sharing knowledge with group members. To increase students’ curiosity, a display was used in the classroom.

b. Students’ interest is persistent attention giving in class. The interest will influence students’ reading achievement.

c. Students’ reading achievement is the result of learning which can be shown in students’ reading marks in understanding text. The texts of c. Students’ reading achievement is the result of learning which can be shown in students’ reading marks in understanding text. The texts of