A Brief Description of Contrastive Analysis

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 A Brief Description of Contrastive Analysis

In writing this thesis, the writer refers to some books which are relevan to the topic which give an adequate constribution in writing this thesis. Some of the theoritical statements are quoted from the books, such as Hartman and Stork 1972: 43 who say that Comparative and contrastive have similarities that is they compare two or more languages. It means, that the comparative and contrastive linguistics are the branch of linguistics that compare two or more languages. Then, Contrastive analysis Naibaho 2006: 2 is an activity in contrasting the first language structure with the second language structure in order to identify the correspondences and non-correspondences of the two languages. Contrastive analysis has some purposes, such as to contrast the first language structure and the second’s; to predict the difficulties and the error in learning language and to arrange and to prepare the method in conveying the material. In this thesis, the writer wants to concentrate in language structure between English and Muko-Muko language Question words. Further, Contrastive analysis Guntur 1972:43 has two aspects of analyzing, they are: 1. Psychological aspect Psychology aspect concerned with difficulties in learning, the way of arranging the teaching materials and how the way in giving the teaching materials. 2. Linguistics aspect Universitas Sumatera Utara Linguistics aspects concerned with the contrasted problems, what will be to be contrasted, and how to contrast them. Other than those above, Contrastive Analysis CA is also related to Comparative Linguistic. In Keraf 1990: 1, “Linguistik komparatif atau linguistik bandingan merupakan suatu cabang ilmu bahasa linguistik yang berusaha untuk meletakkan dasar- dasar pengertian tentang perkembangan dan kekerabatan antara bahasa- bahasa di dunia dan mencoba menemukan unsur-unsur pengaruh timbal balik antara bahasa-bahasa yang pernah mengadakan kontak dalam sejarah”. Comparative linguistics is a branch of the science of language linguistics, which seeks to lay the basics of an understanding about development and kinship among the languages in the world and try to find the elements of mutual influence between languages which ever contact in history.

2.2 A Brief Description of Question Words