How to Assess Vocabulary

materials. To teach vocabulary can be showed in many different ways. There are various ways through the teaching techniques in presenting the vocabulary; one of them is by using demonstration technique. It is belong into the categories of controlled technique in taxonomy of techniques. Demonstration technique is also called role-play in processing, because the students are emphasized to play an illustration to be showed to other people. Crookes and Chaudron as cited by Brown states, “Role-play demonstration is selected students or teacher illustrates the procedure s to be applied in the lesson segment to follow. It includes brief illustration of language or other content to be incorporated.” 14 It means that the activity of demonstration technique is through role-play and it can be used to identify or to illustrate the words in many situations based on the materials. According to Petty that a demonstration is showing something ‘how’ by example and the teacher also can using in any subjects. 15 In other words, demonstration technique belong an action concept by showing something. Here, the students doing how to do something and it can be applied in all subjects. Harmer points out, “It is often impossible explain the meaning of words and grammar either through use of realia or in pictures. Actions, in particular, are probably better explained by mime.” 16 Therefore, the writer thinks that learning vocabulary can be presented through the action concept to explain the meaning or to introduce the new vocabulary by using mime with the object. It means will make easy for students understand the meaning of words that they remember when using the action or mime in presenting. In teaching English, the teacher can perform the material of vocabulary by using demonstration that is each student showing the gesture or action to introduce the vocabulary. McNeill says, “Gesture in initial, Action, part highlights the other approach, which of gesture as part of the social interaction in which the person 14 H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagody, New York: Pearson Education Inc, 2007, p. 185 15 Geoffrey Petty, Teaching Today, United Kingdom: Nelson Thornes Ltd, 2004, p. 173 16 Jeremy Harmer, op. cit., p. 161 participates. Part of the story of gesture is the role that it performs in interaction: gesture as something engaged in our social lives.” 17 It means that gesture or action is part of approaches the social interaction and the students can perform to show or to introduce the vocabulary. Therefore, each student can be corporate and active in teaching and learning process in the class. From all statements above, demonstration technique is called an action, a mime and gesture to show or to introduce the vocabulary, which is how to do something. It will become new experience for students in learning English vocabulary and it will help the students remember the English words through hand or body movement. It is also teach the students to have social interaction and corporate to other students or other people. By teacher is it will help the teacher to present the vocabulary clearly for students, where it is focused the students are active during learning process. Therefore, demonstration technique is one of good ways can be used to make easy in teaching and learning vocabulary.

2.2 Advantages of Demonstration Technique in Teaching

Many times an effective demonstration is an excellent way to introduce new moves. In order the students feel enjoy and active when learning vocabulary, the teacher can apply by using demonstration as one of techniques in teaching and learning process. There are advantages or strength of demonstration technique in teaching vocabulary. Wehrli and Nyquist said that the advantages of demonstration technique follow, “Helps people who learn well by modeling others, promotes self- confidence, provides opportunity for targeted questions and answers, allows attention to be focused on specific details rather than general theories.” 18 It means that demonstration is a tool that can help the English teacher in teaching vocabulary, and 17 David McNeill, Language and Gesture, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2000, p. 11 18 Wehrli G and Nyquist J.G., Teaching StrategiesMethodologies: Advantages, DisadvantagesCautions, Keys to Success, Journal of Teacher and Educational Development. 2003, p. 2 then help the students get self confidence and focus on specific details to the material especially material of vocabulary. In other opinion according to Newby, et al as cited by Journal of Purdue University Cooperative Extension points out that advantages of demonstrations include the students can see, hear, have experiences an actual event directly, get good stimulus, they can present ideas and concepts clearly, and also demonstration technique can reinforce learning for students. 19 It means that demonstration technique gives good impact toward students’ response in teaching and learning vocabulary which is students become interested. The students present their ideas clearly and provide direct experiences. Therefore, it will make the students are interested and active when they learn vocabulary in the class. Cohen and Manion point out that the motivational advantages of demonstration through simulation in learning process include: 20 a. A heightened interest and excitement in learning. b. A sustained level of freshness and novelty arising out of the dynamic nature of simulation tasks. c. A transformation in the traditional pupil-teacher subordinate-superordinate relationship. d. The fact that simulation is a universal behavioral mode. The writer think that advantages of demonstration in learning process provide a lot of changes for the students to be better such as the students are interest and excitement, and then make students have fresh atmosphere and have super ordinate relationship in learning process. From statements above that demonstration technique give good effects for students especially, which is the students are interest and enjoy in learning vocabulary and it bring out new atmosphere in the class. Therefore, it will help the teacher in 19 Newby, et al. as cited by Journal of Training Curriculum, Giving a Demonstration, Journal of Purdue University Cooperative Extension. 2001. p. 1 20 Louis Cohen and Lawrence Manion, Research Methods in Education, London and New York: Routledge, 1994, p. 265.