Objective of the Problem

ruler for combining them make up a language.” 2 In line by Linse states that vocabulary is the collection of words that a person can know. 3 From those definitions, vocabulary is a set of words in language and vocabulary is a component of language which is needed everyone in mastering language especially to foreign language. To make the students easy in learning English, the words of vocabulary can be found in the dictionary because there have a lot of words and meanings. Therefore, the students understand English through the vocabulary easily. If the students have mastered of vocabulary, it will help the students to communicate with everyone, make the students understand all information from other country, and vocabulary also help the students to can speak and listen English clearly with native speaker, and then the students understand when they read the English words from newspaper, book, magazine, etc. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHHD as cited by FLaRE journal points out that, “Vocabulary is stored information about the meanings and pronunciations of words necessary for communication.” 4 In the other word, the vocabulary as one of facilities to provide and receive the oral or written information in English is needed. From the statements of all definition above, vocabulary is a central and part of language, because it cannot be separated from language; it is important part of language. Vocabulary is also the knowledge toward the number of words which is used by people to express their information or ideas as necessary to communicate, especially in using foreign language. Moreover, vocabulary should be taught since young students who learn English first. The other word that Vocabulary is a key which the students can understand all about English subject such as the learner can speak English fluently and can listen or writing or reading the English easily. For this 2 A.S. Hornby as cited by A.M. Zaenuri, Vocabulary I, Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press, 2003, p. 1. 3 Caroline. T. Linse, Practical English Language Teaching : Young Learners, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2005, p. 129 4 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHHD as cited by FlaRe Journal, Vocabulary, Journal of Teaching Academy, US: Florida Literacy and Reading Excellence Professional Paper, 2000, p. 1. reason, it is very important for students to build up the skill of English words, which is vocabulary.

1.2 Kinds of Vocabulary

To know English vocabulary not only tells about the definition, but there are several kinds of vocabulary. The students in learning vocabulary should know kinds of vocabulary in order to the students understand the content of vocabulary. The writer have found about it from some books and journals. The kinds of vocabulary have own meaning to describe the words. In Hiebert’s and Kamil’s book, they describe the kinds of vocabulary into some classes. What complicates the definition of vocabulary is the fact that words come in at least two forms: oral and print. Oral vocabulary is the set of words for which we know the meanings when we speak or read orally, and Print vocabulary consists of those words for which the meaning is known when we write and read silently. And then they continue, that knowledge of words also comes in at least two forms: receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary or recognition is set of words for which an individual can assign meanings when listening or reading. Productive vocabulary is the set of words that an individual can use when writing or speaking. 5 Based on the statement above, vocabulary is distinguished into some classes such as oral vocabulary, print vocabulary, receptive, and productive vocabulary. Oral vocabulary is focused in speaking or reading orally and print vocabulary is focused in writing or reading silently. Furthermore, receptive vocabulary can assign meanings when listening or reading, and productive vocabulary is used when writing and speaking. The writer think that the kinds of vocabulary above have the same meaning where it is related into English skill in learning such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. 5 Elfrieda H. Hiebert and Michael L. Kamil, Teaching and Learning Vocabulary, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 2005, p.3