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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Theoretical Description
In this chapter, the writer will discuss the theoretical description. The first is about vocabulary; there are definition of vocabulary, kinds of vocabulary, constructs
of vocabulary mastery, and how to assess vocabulary. The second is Demonstration technique with definition of demonstration technique, the advantages of
demonstration technique in teaching, and teaching vocabulary by using demonstration technique.
1. Vocabulary
1.1 Definition of Vocabulary
In learning a new language, first thing is the students have to master of vocabulary. It is caused vocabulary as one of the language aspects is supposed to be
learned to be master of new language, beside other language element such as grammar and pronunciation. The students are going to speak fluently and accurately,
write easily or understand what heshe reads, if heshe has vocabulary mastery. It is obvious that the vocabulary is very important basic skill in learning English. Richards
states, “Vocabulary is one of the most obvious components of language and one of the first things applied linguists turned their attention to.”
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It means that vocabulary will make the students to overcome in learning language. If the students have a good
vocabulary mastery, they can speak or listen English clearly and then write or read the sentences in English.
According to Hornby as cited by Zaenuri says, “If we look up the meaning of vocabulary in the dictionary, it can be defined as the total number of words that with
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Jack C.Richards, Curriculum Development in Language Teaching, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 4.
ruler for combining them make up a language.”
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In line by Linse states that vocabulary is the collection of words that a person can know.
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From those definitions, vocabulary is a set of words in language and vocabulary is a component of language
which is needed everyone in mastering language especially to foreign language. To make the students easy in learning English, the words of vocabulary can be found in
the dictionary because there have a lot of words and meanings. Therefore, the students understand English through the vocabulary easily.
If the students have mastered of vocabulary, it will help the students to communicate with everyone, make the students understand all information from other
country, and vocabulary also help the students to can speak and listen English clearly with native speaker, and then the students understand when they read the English
words from newspaper, book, magazine, etc. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHHD as cited by FLaRE journal points out that,
“Vocabulary is stored information about the meanings and pronunciations of words necessary for communication.”
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In the other word, the vocabulary as one of facilities to provide and receive the oral or written information in English is needed.
From the statements of all definition above, vocabulary is a central and part of language, because it cannot be separated from language; it is important part of
language. Vocabulary is also the knowledge toward the number of words which is used by people to express their information or ideas as necessary to communicate,
especially in using foreign language. Moreover, vocabulary should be taught since young students who learn English first. The other word that Vocabulary is a key
which the students can understand all about English subject such as the learner can speak English fluently and can listen or writing or reading the English easily. For this
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A.S. Hornby as cited by A.M. Zaenuri, Vocabulary I, Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press, 2003, p. 1.
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Caroline. T. Linse, Practical English Language Teaching : Young Learners, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2005, p. 129
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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHHD as cited by FlaRe Journal, Vocabulary, Journal of Teaching Academy, US: Florida Literacy and Reading Excellence
Professional Paper, 2000, p. 1.
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