Administrability REVIEW OF LITERATURE

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CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Research Design

In this thesis, two methods of research that consist of descriptive qualitative and quantitative is applied. Calderon and Gonzales 2007:61 states, “Descriptive research describes and interprets what is. It is concerned with conditions of relationships that exist; practices that prevail; beliefs; processes that are going on; effects that are being felt, or trends that are developing. The process of descriptive research goes beyond mere gathering and tabulation of data. It involves the elements or interpretation of the meaning or significance of what is described. Thus description is often combined with comparison and contrast involving measurements, classifications, interpretation and evaluation.” Douglas 2000:255 states, “There are numeruous statistical, quantitative techniques for analyzing the test performance of groups of test taker. Which ones are appropriate for any given test will be determined by whether it contains objectively scored tasks, such as multiple-choice, true-false, error-recognition, or subjectively scored tasks, as in writing and speaking tests. Typical techniques of quantitative analysis which might be employed include... a technique useful for matching the difficulty of multiple-choice items with varying ability levels among the test takers; standart distribution statistics, including the mean, standart deviation, and standars 33 error of measurement; ... for the purpose of determining what abilities are being measured.” Douglas 2000:256 also states, “Qualitative methods generally focus more on the individual than on groups, and on verbal rather than numerical data. Techniques such as observations, questionnaires, interviews, verbal report, and think- aloud studies can be used with the trial candidates to gain information about the quality of the test rubric, the instructions, time allotment, and the prompt, the appropriateness and level of the content, the process of responding to tasks, and general satisfaction with the format of the test.” Descriptive qualitative method is used to do evaluation about the students’ ability in using conditional sentences. The resesarcher do collecting the data by giving the test of multiple choice and completion test. Descriptive quantitative method is used to do measurement about the data of students’ ability in using conditional sentences. The researcher do analysing the data with some formulation to find the result of the test. Library research was done to find the data of theory and to help in analysing the research with reading some books related to the subject of analysis about conditional sentences and ability and field research was done when collecting the data from the school.

3.2 Location and Time

This research was held at SMA Cahaya Medan which is located on Jl. Hayam Wuruk no. 11, Medan, April 4th – May 4th, 2015.