35
Table 3.1 Distribution of Research Population No.
Class Number of Students
1. XI IPA 3
30 2.
XI IPS 1 30
TOTAL 60
3.4 Data Collection Procedure
According to Wikipedia, “Data is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables; restated, pieces of data are individual pieces of information. Data is
measured, collected and reported, and analyzed, where upon it can be visualized using graphs or images.” It means that the data is instrument for researcher to
measure, reported and analyzed the problems to be information to solve the problems. Based on the explanation, it is needed some baseline data that represent
student’s ability with giving them a test about conditional sentences. It was done by the grade XI students of SMA Cahaya Medan by giving them 15 items of multiple
choice and 15 items of completion test. In scoring the test, it was given one point for one item. So, there are 30 items which was conducted in 60 minutes. It is enough
because Lado 1961:20 says, “We must test in one hour what has been learned in a month or a year or five years”.
Then, the researcher arranged the instrument of research as follows : 1. Test on the use of Future Conditional, number 1,2,3,4,5 in multiple choice and
completion test.
36 2. Test on the use of Present Conditional, number 6,7,8,9,10 in multiple choice and
completion test.
3. Test on the use of Past Conditional, number 11,12,13,14,15 in multiple choice and completion test.
In this research, the test was given to them which should be filled by sixty students who are selected at random. After doing the test, the answer-sheets were
collected.
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis
After collecting the baseline data, it was used several steps to analyze the data
as follows :
1. First, scoring the test with use the formula of Nurkancana and Sumartana 1986
as follows: X = R x 100
N
In which: X = the individual score
R = the number of correct answers N = the number of questions
2. Then, the list of the score is reconstituted from the highest to the smallest score.
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