Background of the Study

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

In the era of globalization translation is very important because in this world have many different country and different language. Language has many important functions for human life as a communication tool. For those reasons, people in the world create language for interacting and communicating with others. Therefore, people need translation to communication between people with different language. Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message andor statement in one language by the same message andor statement in another language. 1 Translation does not just transfer words in source language SL into target language TL, but a good translator must skillful for translating the source language into target language without reducing the purpose and message in source language, then the meaning and message can be implied into target language, so the reader can understand the source language. According to J.C. Catford, in his book A Linguistict Theory Of Translation, 1965. Translation as the replacement of textual material in one 1 Peter Newmark, Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981, p. 7 language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL. 2 The comparison of texts in different languages inevitably involves a theory of equivalence. Translation equivalence could be in the rank of word for word, phrase for phrase, sentence for sentence, and so on. The important of translation from the source language into the target language is not only for scientific, but also for non scientific for example in literature such as novel, poetry, prose, drama, and short story. Literature is the art of languages; it uses languages as a mean to communicate the author‟s understanding of lives. Definition a short story is a work of fiction that is usually written in prose , often in narrative format. This format tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas in the 20th and 21st century sense and novels . Short story definitions based upon length differ somewhat even among professional writers, somewhat in part because of the fragmentation of the medium into genres . 3 In recent years, for the purpose of science, technology, and knowledge transfers, many texts and books are translated. Many Indonesian texts and books are translated into English versions, including literary works, such as short story. It‟s very useful to make people understand who want to study foreign language. In translation, we always find addition, transposition, modulation, and adaptation of word in the text. When the source language in the short story is 2 J.C. Catford. A Linguistict Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press, 1965, p.20 3 Magill, Frank, ed. Short Story Writers. Salem Press, Pasadena, California 1997. Accessed on may 25, 2011. http:en.wikipedia.orgwikishortstory translated into target language, not all of the words can be transformed. To find what the procedure of translation used in short story, a comparison analysis of the Indonesian version and English version can be done. A famous short story in Indonesian is “karena tidak mengakui orang tua” by Ali Muakhir and translated by Noviana Abdu “denying parent” or very popular short story the title “malin kundang” this story from north Sumatra or Padang. Malin kundang is a folklore story. It is a good story for all of us. It tells us about moral and the story teaches us many things for us, especially for respect to our mother. The story is about on the north coast of Sumatra lived a poor woman and his son. The boy was called Malin Kundang. He always helps his mother to earn some money. Some day Malin Kundang asks to his mother to sail overseas. He wants to be a successful person. His mother wiped her tears, she can‟t stop his son to go. She could only pray to God for him to gain success in life. And malin Kundang promise to come home. Many years latter, Malin Kundang came to his country have to be successful person but he ignore her mother. Malin kundang‟s mother prays to God to punish him if he is her son. Then God punish Malin Kundang be come stone. Based on information mentioned above, the writer wants to know how the translation procedures are used in the short story, whether using transposition, modulation, adaptation or any kind of translation procedure. For example in SL page 4, line 5 “Malin tumbuh menjadi pemuda yang cakap” was translated in TL “Malin grew up as a skillful young man”. In this translation the translator used transposition procedure. The phrases “pemuda yang cakap” is noun + adjective form in SL of Indonesian. Then in English becomes “a skillful young man” are adj + noun form. The phrases of TL replace the phrase of SL without changing the meaning of the message. For further analysis, the writer wants to do a research in the form of thesis entitled “The Translation Procedures from Bahasa Indonesia Into English “Karena Tidak Mengakui Kedua Orang Tua” by Ali Muakhir, Translated Into “Denying Parents” by Noviana Abdu

B. Focus of the Study