CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
This research used a quantitative study which was intended to see the significant influence of using audio visual media towards students‟ pronunciation ability.
Moreover, experimental research is the best of the quantitative designs to use establish probable cause and effect.
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In this research, the researcher used quasi experimental design. Quasi experimental design is lack randomization but employs
other strategies to provide some control over extraneous variables. It is used, for instance, when intact classrooms are used as the experimental and control groups.
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That is, it is a scientific investigation in which the researcher manipulates one or more independent variables, controls any other relevant variables, and observes the effect
of the manipulations on the dependent variables.
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In the case of this research, there were two classes which were applied two different independent variables; one as
experimental class and another one as control class. For the experimental class, the writer used audio visual media video in teaching learning pronunciation.
Meanwhile, the writer used visual media for the control class.
93
Jhon W. Creswell,
Educational Research, Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative
,
Fourth Edition
Boston: Pearson, 2012, p.294-295
94
Ibid,
p. 302.
95
Donald Ary, et al.,
Introduction to Research in Education
8
th
ed Wadsworth, Belmont, 2010, p. 265.
The research design is presented as follows:
Which : G1
: Group one experimental class G2
: Group two control class T1
: Pre-test T2
: Post-test X
: Treatments by audio visual media O
: Treatments by viaual media
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B. The Variable of the Research
According to Nunan, a great deal of research is carried out in order to explore the strength of relationships between variables. A variable is a construct or a
characteristic that can take on different values or scores. Researchers study variables and the relationships that exist among variables.
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It means that variable is a variation object of the study. It is the object of research or something that becomes the concern
of research. There were two variables in this research; dependent and independent variables. The
variables in this research were:
96
Ibid,
p. 316
97
Ibid,
p. 37
G1 random T1 X T2 G2 random T1 O T2
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