a. Bald on-Record
Bald on-record strategy does not attempt to minimize the threat to the hearer’s face. Brown and Levinson states that the speaker mostly uses bald on-
record strategy when he wants to do FTA Face Threatening Acts with maximum efficiency toward the hearer’s face Brown and Levinson, 1987:95. By using bald
on-record, the speaker utters something directly, without any minimization to the imposition, in a direct, clear, unambiguous and concise way.
Someone may employ this strategy in emergency situation, unequal power relationship and task oriented activities such as in military order or surgery. In this
strategy, the speaker tends to use explicit expression so that the message can be delivered quickly, for example give me a pen Yule, 1996:63. This example
means that the speaker directly ask the hearer to lend him a pen.
b. Positive Politeness
Positive politeness provides an attempt to minimize the damage to the hearer’s face Brown and Levinson, 1987:101. This strategy makes the hearer
feels good about himself and his possessions. It is intended to avoid the conflict and also to minimize the social distance between the speaker and the hearer by
expressing friendliness. Furthermore, Yule also states that positive politeness is an appeal to
solidarity with another 1996:132. This kind of politeness shows the speaker’s expression in which he believes that the hearer will give a respect to the speaker.
Example: How about letting me use your pen? Yule, 1996:64
c. Negative Politeness
Negative politeness attempt to a person negative face’s need, which appeals to the hearer’s desire not to be impeded or put upon and to be left free to
act as they want Brown and Levinson, 1987:129. It expresses respect and consideration. Yule also states that negative politeness means an attempt to
demonstrate awareness of another’s rights not to be imposed on Yule, 1996:132. This is the common strategy which is applied in question, for example could you
lend me a pen? Here the speaker tends to express his uncertainty of his request.
d. Off Record
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