Object of the Study Approach of the Study

27

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methodology that is employed in conducting this study. This chapter consists of three parts, namely object of the study, approach of the study, and method of the study. The first part, object of the study, discusses a brief description of the novel. The second part, approach of the study, presents the critical approach used in this study. The third part, method of the study, presents about the research procedure which discusses the steps done by the writer in conducting the study to answer three formulated problems.

A. Object of the Study

This study deals with the novel Maurice which is written by Edward Morgan Forster or known as E.M Forster, a homosexual. The novel is about the story of homosexual love in the early 20 th century in England. This novel was begun in writing in 1913 and finished in 1914. Actually E.M Forster resisted publishing the novel because of public and legal attitudes to homosexuality. He thought that its publication would destroy the public image that his other writing had created Hodges Hutter, 1974. This novel was first published in 1971 after Forster’s death. The novel analyzed in this study was published in 1973 by W.W. Norton Company. Inc., New York. After its publication, this novel raises some compliments from society and mass media. This novel contains of 234 pages that is divided into four parts. 28 The first part consists of 57 pages within chapters 1-11; the second part consists of 63 pages within chapters 12-25; the third part consists of 59 pages within chapters 26-36; and the fourth part consists of 55 pages within chapters 38-46. The first part tells about Maurice’s family background, his preparation entering college and his first meeting with Clive Durham. The second and third part tells about the relationship between Maurice and Clive as a homosexual couples. Then, conflicts arise between them, including Clive personal conflict. Clive thinks that their homosexual relation can affect his career in the future. Clive chooses to marry a girl which makes Maurice broken-hearted. Being disappointed, Maurice finds a therapist and a hypnotist to cure him. However, all the therapies failed. The last part tells about the new life of Maurice who finds a new love. He meets Alec Scudder, a game keeper. Alec says to Maurice that they cannot be parted no more.

B. Approach of the Study

Since this study focuses more on psychological aspects, therefore, the psychological approach is applied. According to Rohrberger and Woods 1971, psycholo gical approach is an approach to literature, which “involves the effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent patterns”, and which refers to a different body of knowledge, that is Psychology p. 13. It is applied when the attention is focused on psychological interpretation for enhancing the understanding and appreciation of literature. Further, Psychology is a study of man’s life together with his mind and behaviour. 29 This study analys es Maurice’s characteristic as the main character in E.M. Forster’s Maurice as a homosexual. The possible factors which make Maurice become a homosexual person is discussed as well. It means that this study deals with Maurice’s life together with his mind and behaviour in order to find his character development. Therefore, it is proper to apply psychological approach because a better understanding of human’s personality development can be achieved.

C. Method of the Study