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of the child affection, acceptance, and security are gratified through dynamic interaction with the parents. Other influences are largely modifying factors, but a
strong relationship with someone outside the family can substitute for either father or mother and in some cases for both.
Supporting the theory proposed by Pikunas, Husband in his book, General Psychology
, states the influences of family toward character development. Husband 1947 says that family is the basic social group which in it, the
biological, psychological and sociological forces meet in giving the individual his start in life p. 249. The earliest major determining influence is the mother. The
children absorb more of mother‟s personality characteristics, likes and dislikes, attitudes, modes of behaviour than the father‟s. The mother, through her own
behaviour and by deliberate teaching, can include desirable habits: self-reliance, conciliation with others, acceptance of responsibility, and neatness.
B. Theoretical Framework
This section summarizes the contribution of the theories mentioned in the analysis of this study. There are five theories which have been explained namely,
theory of critical approach, theory of character, theory of characterization, theory of homosexuality, and theory of character development. Those theories will
support and strengthen the analysis. Each theory will be used to answer the questions that have been formulated in the previous chapter.
As stated by Rohrberger and Woods, the theory of critical approach is classified into five approaches. In this study, the writer applies the psychological
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approach as the most suitable approach to analyse the characteristic and character development of Maurice as a homosexual. Theory on character and
characterization is also applied to describe Maurice‟s characteristics as the main character of the novel. Meanwhile, theory of homosexuality and theory of
character development is used to reveal the factors that make Maurice become a homosexual and to determine what type of homosexual he belongs to. In addition,
to analys e Maurice‟s character development, theory of character development is
also applied. After all related theories mentioned above are gained, the analysis of this study can be implemented because it already has supporting theories.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the methodology that is employed in conducting this study. This chapter consists of three parts, namely object of the study,
approach of the study, and method of the study. The first part, object of the study, discusses a brief description of the novel. The second part, approach of the study,
presents the critical approach used in this study. The third part, method of the study, presents about the research procedure which discusses the steps done by the
writer in conducting the study to answer three formulated problems.
A. Object of the Study
This study deals with the novel Maurice which is written by Edward Morgan Forster or known as E.M Forster, a homosexual. The novel is about the
story of homosexual love in the early 20
th
century in England. This novel was begun in writing in 1913 and finished in 1914. Actually E.M Forster resisted
publishing the novel because of public and legal attitudes to homosexuality. He
thought that its publication would destroy the public image that his other writing had created Hodges Hutter, 1974.
This novel was first published in 1971 after Forster’s death. The novel analyzed in this study was published in 1973 by W.W. Norton Company. Inc.,
New York. After its publication, this novel raises some compliments from society and mass media. This novel contains of 234 pages that is divided into four parts.
