27 understand about text types in English. The researcher included all of the basic
knowledge about text types in English such as type of text, the purpose of the text, the generic structure, and the example of the text. The instructional goals were
specified into how to use the learning media.
4. Sequencing the Content
After identifying the instructional goals, the researcher sequenced the content of the designed learning media. From the needs analysis, the researcher
found several problems of the students when they learnt about text types in English. The first problem was the students often answered incorrect when
mentioning the text types according the purposes of the text. Second, students were not able to mention the generic structure of the texts. Third, students
sometimes mentioned the example of the text types in English falsely. From that kind of problems, the researcher planned to make the simplest learning media that
cover all of the contents related to the problems. The content included four columns which was type of text, the purpose of the text, the generic structure, and
the example of the text.
5. Developing Instructional Materials
This section also aims to answer the first question in the research question: How is set of Text Type Board learning media for junior high school designed?
The researcher developed the instructional materials by using the reference from Aini 2013 who states that instructional media aim to investigate 1 the use of
instructional media to young learners; 2 the problems that they encounter in PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
28 using instructional media; also 3 problem solving of the media utilization
problems. The researcher considered those three purposes when developing the
instructional media. Here the elaboration of the three purposes helped the researcher test the reliability of the learning media called Text Types Board:
a. The Use of Instructional Media to Young Learners
This learning media was designed for young learners. According to Wilson and Horch 2002, developmental characteristics of young adolescents
have been grouped into four categories: physical, intellectual, social, and emotional. All four areas are important because they directly impact what happen
in the classroom. No area should take priority over the others and all areas must be addressed. This learning media also considered those four kind of
developmental characteristics. Text Types Board indirectly asks the learners to do the physical
movements by shifting the board and seeking information about text that learners needed. This part represents fulfillment of the need for physical activity.
Text Types board as a source of information also supports the need for young adolescence learners especially on the intellectual side. This learning media
gives valid and simple contents of text types information. Hence, it can quickly improve intellectual ability of young adolescence learners.
The next point of developmental characteristics for young adolescence learners is social aspect. In the future, this learning media can be used in a class
activity such as focus group discussion. The example of the actual activity is a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
29 focus group discussion to identify several texts’ elements such as the text type, the
purpose of the text, and general classification through the use of Text Types Board.
The emotional aspect becomes the fourth point of developmental characteristics. The researcher deliberately chose the use of color to give an
interesting impression while developed this learning media. Childrens emotions are directly related to their mood, attraction, and interest. Therefore, the
development of Text Types Board also paid attention to interesting color combinations to be seen.
The process of making the learning media start from considering the component of the learning media. The researcher chose carton paper because the
component is strong enough. Then, the researcher cut the carton by following the blueprint on the next page.
30
Figure 4.1 The Blueprint of Text Types Board
TEXT TYPES BOARD
22 cm
30 cm 2 cm
3 cm 4,5 cm
12 cm
5 cm PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
