English lecturers. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents directly and personally.
E. Data Analysis Technique
In this research, descriptive data analysis was chosen. The writer used the qualitative data analysis that was expressed in the words or descriptions. Parts of
the data were taken from the questionnaires that were used to verify the suggestive materials presented by the writer.
The questionnaires for the respondents would provide questions that would be assessed from their opinions on the usual materials and the design material for
reading class using games. Their answers were expressed in number of four statements of agreement.
5 = if they strongly agree with the statement 4 = if they agree with the statement
3 = if they uncertain with the statement 2 = if they disagree with the statement
1 = if they strongly disagree with the statement To compute the data, the writer used percentage formula. The percentage
showed the degree of agreement of each statement in the material evaluation. The formula is:
N X
=
x 100
Where: is the percentage of the scores Χ is the degree of agreement
N is the number of subjects The writer determined the range of percentage from the respondents’
degree. The total mean was used to show whether the designed materials were good and acceptable or not. The assessment of mean was classified as follows.
0 – 30 =
the designed materials are not good and not acceptable 31 – 60
= the designed materials needed revisions
61 – 100 =
the designed materials are good and acceptable.
F. Research Procedure
The data needed in this study were gathered using the following procedures.
1. Conducting learners’ analysis
The writer started to conduct learners’ analysis by asking for permission for distributing the questionnaire to the fifth grade students of Santa Maria
Elementary School . After that, the writer conducted the informal interview to the
fifth grade students to complete the data. Then, the writer used her self teaching experiences in teaching the fifth grade students in Santa Maria Elementary School
Magelang . The data obtained from learners’ analysis were used as the basis of
designing the reading materials.
2. Analyzing the result of the questionnaires.
After conducting the learners’ analysis, the writer analyzed the data gathered from the questionnaire and the experiences. These data were used to
decide the competence standards, basic competence, the learning indicators, learning materials, and the learning experiences.
3. Developing reading instructional materials using games.
The writer tried to design the materials using games adapted from selected sources and then developed by her own creativity. In designing the material, the
writer composed the materials using games appropriate with the fifth grader of elementary school based on the curriculum.
4. Distributing the questionnaires to the English lecturers.
After designing the materials, the writer conducted materials evaluation by distributing questionnaires to the lectures of the English Language Teaching
Study Program of Sanata Dharma University and the English teachers. They were asked to give comments, suggestions, and critics toward the designed materials.
5. Revise the materials and making the final designed materials.
After conducting the designed materials evaluation, the writer revised the materials based on the evaluation from the respondents. In this step, the writer
added, reduced, replaced, and even changed some parts suggested by the evaluation respondents.
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the results and discussion of the steps of designing a set of reading instructional materials using games for the fifth grade students of
Santa Maria Elementary School Magelang . This chapter answers two questions
elaborated in the problem formulation. The discussion is divided into two parts. The first part discusses the elaboration of the steps in designing a set of reading
instructional materials using games for the fifth grade students of Santa Maria Elementary School Magelang
. The second part presents the final version of the designed set of integrated materials.
A. Elaboration of the Steps in Designing a Set of Reading Instructional
Materials Using Games for the Fifth Grade Students of Santa Maria
Elementary School Magelang
This part discussed the elaboration steps which were used by the writer to obtain the information in designing the set of Reading Instructional Materials for
the Fifth Grade Students of Santa Maria Elementary School Using Games. The writer used some theories in designing the reading materials,
including the instructional models, games, and teaching reading. In process, the writer provided books and articles as the essential materials to answer the
questions of this study. In order to answer the first problem which was stated in the problem formulation, the writer presented a new design model that was
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