Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

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F. Definition of Terms

1. Model According to Harmer 1991: 65, the sources of models of language are from textbooks, reading materials of all sorts, and from audio and videotapes. The model of language learning in this research is audio recording. The audio recording in this research is the recording of people’ speech related to a certain topic that is used as a model in teaching speaking. Model in the research is for the students to model the speaking format, style, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. 2. Modelling In this research, the researcher also used the term ‘modelling’. Different from, the term ‘model’, the term ‘modelling’ refers to the use of the model as a teaching technique. 3. Speaking According to Thornbury, cited in Harmer 2003: iv, speaking is interactive and requires the ability to co-operate in the management of speaking turns. In addition, Brown and Yule 1983, as cited in Nunan 1989: 26 states that ‘speaking consists of short, often fragmentary utterances, in a range of pronunciations.’ In this research, speaking refers to producing oral language for communication. 4. Perception According to Siagian 2004: 100, perception is the process of which someone organizes and interprets sensory impressions in giving a certain meaning to the environment. In this research, perception refers to students’ opinion towards the teaching technique. 6 5. Speaking V According to “Panduan Akademik 2002”, Speaking V is one of compulsory courses in the fifth semester of the English Language Education Study Program at Sanata Dharma University. Therefore, it is usually taken by the students in the fifth semester. The goals of the Speaking class are to assist the students in achieving oral fluency and self-confidence, and skills in expressing ideas, influencing other people, interpreting messagesideas in given situations and to equip the students with the necessary knowledge, skills, and manner when speaking to argue, inform, and persuade; presenting ideas, and interpreting messages. In this research, the definition of Speaking V will be focus on A and B classes of Speaking V classes at the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University of the 20052006 academic year. 7

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW