Observations Questionnaire Instruments and Data Gathering Technique

38

1. Observations

Observation is data collection in which the situation of interest is watched and the relevant facts, actions and behaviors are checked Rusell, 2008. The researcher used observation sheets to gather data of the beginning of the study to find students’ problems and needs. The researcher used observation to see the students’ activities until the end of the study to prove the improvement of the students’ pronunciation in the classroom. Through the observations stage, the researcher had the data about the class situations and the observations were conducted directly in the learning process. There were two kinds of observation checklists in the learning process. The first was observation checklist for teacher’s activities and the second was observation checklist for the students’ activities. Those observation checklists were filled by three observers who helped the researcher to conduct the research. The observation checklist for teacher focused on the activities of the researcher in the teaching learning process. The observation checklist for students focused on the students’ responses to the activities.

2. Questionnaire

Kirakowski 2000 states that questionnaire is one of ways or methods for the elicitation and collection of written information needed in a research. There were three questionnaires in the study. The first and second questionnaires were distributed to the students at the beginning of the research to know the students’ difficulties in learning English. In the first and the second questionnaires, the researcher mixed the types of this questionnaire; they were close-ended and open- 39 ended questions. In the close ended questions, the researcher would like to see the students’ difficulties in learning English. The researcher presented open-ended questions to see the students’ opinions about the difficulties. The third questionnaire was distributed to know the students’ opinions after they experienced drilling technique in the classroom after finishing the action stage in Cycle 2. The form of the third questionnaire was close-ended question. It made it easier for the researcher to check the result.

3. Interview