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Improving Knowledge Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients On Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents
health clinic. In health clinic, patients were limited to those who live nearby the clinic and those who on regular follow up.
Malay and Chinese showed significant difference in choosing between hospital and health clinic. More Malay came to health clinic rather than
hospital, whereas more Chinese came to hospital rather than health clinic.
Clinical profile of patients also showed significant difference between hospital and health clinic. Duration of the illness was categorized into 3
group; less than 5 years, 6-10 years and more than 11 years. For less than 5 years group and more than 11 years group, there was significant difference
in choosing between hospital and health clinic. More patients came to health clinic in the less than 5 years group whereas in the more than 11 years
group more patients came to hospital. Patients who came to hospital have more morbidity rather than who came to health clinic, only have diabetes
mellitus.
Therefore, these two centers will be further commented separately.
5.1.2 Socio-demographic data and clinical profile of patients in hospital
population A total 150 patients involved in baseline data collection, 106 in post-
intervention 1P1 and 151 in post-intervention 2 P2. Statistically there were no significant different between baseline and both two post-intervention in
term of gender, education level and number of co-morbidities. There was a significant difference in mean age in P2 compared to baseline patients. In
term of ethnicity, Indian patients made a significant increase in P2. Patients who suffered from diabetes mellitus for less than 5 years made a significant
increase in both P1 and P2. Patients on single OHA were found statistically significant drop during P2 sampling. As a summary we can see gender,
educational level and number of co-morbidities have not affected the knowledge of the patients in Hospital Teluk Intan.
5.1.3 Socio-demographic data and clinical profile of patients in health
clinics population A total 152 patients involved in baseline data collection, 70 in post-
intervention 1P1 and 93 in post-intervention 2 P2. Statistically there were no significant difference between baseline and both two post-
intervention in term of mean age, gender, education level and number of OHA consumed. In term of ethnicity, similarly with hospital, Indians patients
showed significant drop in P2 samples. However, there was significant
18 1
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Table 3. Socio-demographic Characteristics of All Samples of Studied Population in Hilir Perak
Centre Hospital
Health clinics p-value
Baseline hospital
vs health
Month Baseline
November 2006
Post-intervention 1
May 2007
Post-intervention 2 August 2007
Baseline
November 2006
Post-intervention 1
May 2007
Post-intervention 2
August 2007
n=150 n=106
p-value n=151
p-value n=152
n=70 p-value
n=93 p-value
Mean age in years SD
59.639.68 57.8211.52 0.174
56.429.97 0.005
57.2310.37 57.6310.01 0.787
57.1210.51 0.936
0.030 Gender, n
• Male
6342.0 5047.2
0.488 6341.7
0.945 6039.5
2332.9 0.425
2628.0 0.090
0.741 •
Female 8758.0
5652.8 8858.3
9260.5 4767.1
6772.0 Ethnic, n
• Malay
7046.7 5148.1
0.919 6241.1
0.387 10971.7
4868.6 0.750
7277.4 0.402
0.001 •
Chinese 4530.0
2321.7 0.181
3120.5 0.079
95.9 710.0
0.416 1516.1
0.017 0.001
• Indian
3523.3 3230.2
0.278 5838.4
0.007 3422.4
1521.4 0.986
66.5 0.002
0.950 Educational level, n
• Primary
and none 9563.3
5652.8 0.120
10066.2 0.686
10871.1 4767.1
0.665 7176.3
0.449 0.191
• Secondary and higher
5536.7 5047.2
5133.8 4428.9
2332.9 2223.7
Duration of illness, n • ≤5 years
6442.7 6763.2
0.002 8355.0
0.043 10065.8
4767.1 0.964
5357.0 0.213
0.001 • 6-10 years
5033.3 2422.6
0.086 3724.5
0.118 3523.0
1622.9 0.886
2628.0 0.475
0.062 • ≥11 years
3624.0 1514.2
0.074 3120.5
0.558 1711.2
710.0 0.975
1415.0 0.493
0.005 No. of comorbidities, n
• No comorbid
2718.0 2119.8
0.839 159.9
0.064 5133.6
4260.0 0.001
3638.7 0.496
0.003 • Has
comorbids 12382.0
8080.2 13690.1
10166.4 2840.0
5761.3 No. of OHA, n
• 1 OHA 5134.0
2725.5 0.186
3019.9 0.008
6844.7 3245.7
0.993 4043.0
0.895 0.073
• 1 OHA 9966.0
7974.5 12180.1
8455.3 3854.3
5357.0 All calculations of P values were using Z test Epicalc 2000 comparing two proportions
