and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society.
2.2 Bilingualism
Someone called bilingual if heshe can use the first language as well as the second language. Bloomfield 1993:56 Bilingualism is the ability of a speaker in
using two languages, in case the using of the first language as good as the second language.
Mackey in Aslinda, 2007:24 state that bilingualism is the alternative use of two or more languages by the same individual.
Nababan 1993:27 mastery of language by an individual who is more than one language is called bilingualism.
The person who can use two languages called bilingual and the ability of using two languages called bilinguality. Besides bilingualism, there is a term of
multilingualism that is the situation in which the speaker uses more than two languages in communicating with other people alternately.
Singh 2001:43 states that bilingual ability at the level of predominance that is how far a bilingual is able to use two languages, would affect one another
in using languages. In fact, two languages possibly affect one another. It can occur when a bilingual uses second language continually in long period. When the first
language is used again, both languages will be mixed automatically. This behavior creates new issues in linguistics for instance code switching and code mixing.
Bilingualism is also discussion about the phenomenon of code switching and code mixing. Speakers may take every effort to code mix by including a
single utterance from one language although speakers do not actually uses that language very much. The situational context will when a speaker does switching
from one language to another language.
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2.3 Code
A code is a system that used by people to communicate, when people want to talk each other they have to choose a particular code to express their feeling.
Wardaugh 1986:22 states that the ‘natural’ term ‘code’ can be used to refer to any kind of system that two or more people employ for communication.
According to Marjohan 1988:48, “code is a term which refers to a variety”. Thus a code maybe an idiolect, a dialect, a sociolect, a register or a
language. A speaker has a linguistic repertoire which consists of various codes. Thus he usually has a set of codes, each code having certain functions or maybe
some of them have similar functions. In a monolingual situation, the use of different codes depends on the variability of the language. In a multilingual
situation, the use of different codes depends on the variability of the languages and the specification of their uses as agreed upon by the people.
Suwito 1985:67-69 is to mention one of the variants in the hierarchy of language, such as regional variants, social class, sports, style, usability, and so on.
From another angle, often referred to as a dialect variant that can be divided geographically into local dialects and regional dialects.
People are usually required to select a particular code whenever they choose to speak, and they may also decide to switch from one code to another or
to mix codes even within sometimes very short utterances and thereby create a new code. The phenomenon in switch or mix the code called code switching and
code mixing.
2.4 Code Switching
