for instructional purposes are within the experiential and intellectual range of your students.
b. Projected visuals
Projected visuals are defined here as media formats in which still image are enlarge and displayed on a screen. The examples of projected visuals are
document camera, overhead projection, slides, digital image, digital camera, still from videotape or videodisc, and digital image projection.
1 Document camera is a video camera mounted on a copy stand, pointed downward at documents, flat pictures, or graphics and small object.
2 Overhead projection, the typical overhead projector is a simple device. Basically it is a box with a large aperture or “stage” on the top surface. Light
from powerful lamp inside the box is condensed by a special type of lens, known as a fresnel lens, and passes through a transparency place on the stage.
3 Slides, the term slide refers to a small-format photographic transparency
individually mounted for one-at-a-time projection.
4 Digital image, it is possible to store images in a digital or analog form and
show them on a computer or television monitor or project them before a group. Available digital storage media include CD-ROM, photo CD, DVD-
ROM, and computer disks. 5 Digital camera, instead of storing the visuals on photographic film, digital
cameras connect directly to a computer to place the image onto the computer. Once the picture is taken, it is easy to connect the camera or use the disk or
smart card to put the image onto the computer. These image can also be incorporated into web pages. Because they are digital, the images are easy to
place into these type of files. 6 Still from videotape or videodisc, videodisc resemble silver, shiny
phonograph record. They are also referred to laser discs. Recorded images and sound are stored on these discs in analog format.
7 Digital image projection, digital images can be shown to individual using a computer monitor. For showing these image to a group, you can use a large
television monitor, an LCD panel on an overhead projector, or a data
projector.
3. The Benefit of Using Visual Media Morgan and Bowen in Ariningsih explained the benefits of using visual aids
in the language classroom as belows:
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a. they vary the pace of the lesson;
b. they encourage the learners to lift their eyes from their books, which
makes it easier and more natural for one to speak to another; c.
they allow the teacher to talk less, by diminishing the importance of the verbal stimuli provided by the
teacher’s voice, and allow the students to talk more. This visual rather than verbal approach results
in less teacher talking time and more student participation. d.
they enrich the classroom by bringing in topics from the outside world, which are made real and immediate by the pictures;
e. they spotlight issues, providing a new dimension of dramatic realism
and clarifying facts that might pass unnoticed or be quickly forgotten. Abstract ideas of sound, temperature, motion, speed, size, distance,
mass, depth, weight, colour, taste, feel, and time can be taught with visual aids;
f. a student with a creative imagination will often find the learning a new
language easily and enjoyably through the use of pictures while he finds it difficult to learn just from a textbook and dictionary;
g. they make a communicative approach to language learning easier and
more natural; h.
they help to teach listening, speaking, reading and writing and allow the teacher to integrate these skills constructively;
i. they inspire imaginativeness in both the teacher and students
comments, guesses, interpretations and arguments turn newly practical phrases into a lively give and take;
j. they provide variety at all levels of proficiency. A collection of visuals
in the various media enters for all ages of learners and all types of groups from beginners to the most advanced and mostly highly
specialized.
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Dwi Ariningsih, “The Effectiveness of Using Picture Series to Improve Students’ Writing Skill Viewed from Their Learning Motivation”, Thesis, Surakarta: Sebelas Maret
University, 2010, p.40 —41, unpublished.
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