3. The Advantages of Using Instructional Media
Ruis et al. said that there are some advantages of using instructional media in a classroom teaching, namely:
21
a. Instructional media is increased the learners’ experiences.
b. Instructional media is reached everything out of the class, such as:
markets, stations, harbors, bacteria, virus, etc. c.
Instructional media is created the possible direct interaction between d.
learners and their environment. e.
Media is produced some observation done by the learners to achieve the teachers’ aims.
f. Media is kept the basic, concrete and real concepts of the teaching.
g. Media is aroused the learners’ motivation to learn.
h. Media is integrated the experience from the concrete things to the
abstract ones. i.
Media is avoided the learners bored. j.
Media make the learners easily to understand the instructional materials.
k. Media is reinforced the students’ comprehension.
l. Media is made the teaching-learning process more systematic.
D. Visual Media 1. The Definition of Visual Media
There are many definitions about the term of visual media. Visuals can be defined as things
that can be seen such as posters, charts, chalkboard, flannel graph, flashcards, puzzles, objects
– real, projectors, cartoons, television, computer CD, internet and so on.
22
Ogunranti and Ihongbe defined “visual aids as
any picture, model, object or device which provides tangible visual experience to the learner purposely for introducing, building up and enriching
ideas”.
23
According to Jannah “Visual media is kinds of media that can be seen and can be touched by the teacher also the students related to the subject of the study
”.
24
21
Ibid., p.17
22
M.O.Ashokia, ImprovisationTeaching Aids: Aid to Effective Teaching of English Language, Int J Edu Sci, 2009, p. 3.
23
Grace Ngure et al., Utilization of Instructional Media For Quality Training In Pre-Primary School Teacher Training Colleges in Nairobi Country, Kenya,
ResearchJournali’s Journal of Education Vol. 2, 2014, p. 2.
24
Nurul Jannah, The Use of Visual Media to Improve Descriptive Text in Writing Skill, JP3,Vol. 1, No.13, 2013, p. 2.
2. The Kinds of Visual Media
Heinich et al. categorized the visual media into:
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a. Non-projected visuals There are six types of non-projected visuals commonly found in the classroom
situation namely : still picture, drawing including sketches and diagrams, charts, graphs, posters, and cartoons.
1 Still picture are photograpic or photograp-like representations of people, place, and things. The still pictures most commonly used in instruction are
photographs; postcards;illustrations from books, periodicals, and catalogs; and any study prints.
2 Drawings, sketches and diagrams employ the grapich arrangement of lines to represent persons, place, things, and concepts.
3 Charts are visual representations of abstracts relationships such as chronologies, quantities, and hierarchies. They are appear frequently in
textbooks and training manuals as tables and flowcharts. 4 Graphs provide a visual representation of numerical data. They also illustrate
relationships among units of the data and trends in the data. Graphs are also more visually interesting than tables. There are four major types of graphs;
bar, pictorial, circle, and line. 5 Posters incorporate visual combinations of images, lines, color, and words.
They are intended to catch and hold the viewer’s attention at least long enough to communicate a brief message, usually a persuasive one. To be
effective posters must be colorful and dynamic. They must grab attention and communicate their message quickly.
6 Cartoons are perhaps the most popular and familiar visual format. They appear in a variety of print media-newspaper, periodicals, textbooks and
range from comic strips intended primarily to entertain to drawings intended to make important social or political comments. Be sure the cartoons you use
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Robert Heinich et al., Instructional Medium and Technology for Learning, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc., 2002, pp.142
—166.
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