The Identification of the Problem

a. Prewriting, as a starting point in writing activity to develop the topic that will be discussed by the writer in hisher writing. There are five techniques in prewriting stage that can be applied by the writer such as freewriting, questioning, making a list, clustering and preparing a stratch outline. b. Writing a first draft, the writer is just focused on what heshe wants to write about, keeps on the fluency of hisher writing and does not worry yet about grammatical and writing mechanic. c. Revising, the writer rewrite hisher paper based on what has already been written by himher. The goal is to make hisher writing be stronger. d. Editing, as the last stage in writing process. The writer will identify and correct hisher writing for mistakes and errors in grammatical and mechanic of writing that covering punctuation and spelling. In summary, all the experts’ explanation above have similar ideas dealing with the process of writing. In producing a writing product, there are some steps that should be done by writer as explained above. The writer will go through those steps until heshe finished hisher final draft.

3. The Purpose of Writing

There are many experts who explain about the purpose of writing, among them Penny Ur, Halliday, and Ann Raimes . The first, Penny Ur said that “The purpose of writing, in principal, is the expression of ideas, the conveying of a message to the reader; so the ideas themselves should arguably be seen as the most important aspect of writing”. 6 The second, according to Halliday in Nunan, the written language is used for: action for example, public signs, product labels and instructions, recipes, maps, television and radio guides, bills, menus, telephones directories, ballot papers,computer manuals, information for example, news and current affairs magazines, hobby magazines, non fiction books, public notices, advertisement, political pamphlets, reports, entertainment for example comic strips, fiction books, poetry and drama, newspaper features, 6 Penny Ur., A Course in Language Teaching: Practice and Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, p. 163.

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