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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
The research methodology and procedures that will be employed in the research are presented in this chapter. This chapter is organized into six major
sections, namely 1 the research method, 2 research participants, 3 research instruments, 4 data gathering technique, 5 data analysis technique, and 6
research procedure.
A. Research Method
This research was considered as a survey since the research was aimed to find out the students’ perception on the use of Self-Access Language Learning SALL
and students’ recommendation to improve and maximize the use of Self-Access Center SAC in English learning. Survey studies are usually used to find the facts by
collecting the data directly from population or sample. It is the most commonly used in educational researches. The researcher, therefore, collected the data to describe the
nature of the existing condition as to determine the relationships of the specific existing events.
As cited from Creswell 2003:14, a survey research includes cross-sectional and longitudinal studies using questionnaires or structured interviews for data
collection, with the intent of generalizing from a sample to a population Babbie, 1990.
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According to Groves, Fowler, Couper, Lepkowski, Singer, and Tourangean 2004a: 2, a survey is one of the most methods that is commonly used in the social
sciences. Its aim is to understand the social phenomena, the society work and also to test theories of behavior. It means that a survey research is one that is used to
understand the human behavior and the characteristics of the targeted people. According to Trochim 2006, in a survey research, the researcher can also distribute
questionnaire to gather the data. This study is a survey research since this research was aimed to discover and
understand the social phenomena of the students’ perception on the use of SALL in English learning. This study also uses questionnaires and structural interviews for the
data collection. Since survey research uses human experience to be observed, the results obtained in this research are in the form of statements, sentences, and words
rather than numbers.
B. Research Participants
A population is defined as total number of people in a particular group who inhabit an area Encarta Dictionaries, 2008. The target population of this research
was the second year students of SMK Negeri 2 Depok Sleman in the Academic Year 20092010 as shown in Table 3.1.
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Table 3.1 Research Respondents by Class and Number
Class Number
1. Teknik Kimia Analis
2. Teknik Kimia Industri
3. Teknik Audio Video
4. Teknik Elektronika Industri
5. Teknik Geologi Pertambangan
6. Teknik Perbaikan Body Otomotif
7. Teknik Gambar Bangunan
8. Teknik Komputer Jaringan
9. Teknik Permesinan
32 32
32 32
32 32
32 32
32
Total 288
However, since the population was large in number, it would not be possible to survey the entire population of the students. The stratified random sampling
technique was then used. Stratified random sampling is a method of sampling, which involves the division of a population into smaller groups, known as strata. In
stratified random sampling, the strata are formed based on their members sharing a specific attribute or characteristic Investopedia, 2010. It was done by writing the
names of the classes in pieces of paper, rolling them and putting each roll into a glass separately and taking the rolled paper from the glass. The result of the tossing was the
class of Teknik Perbaikan Body Otomotif. The total number of students in the class was thirty two students. Those students were required to fill in questionnaire. From
thirty-two students, the researcher took six students to be interviewed. Those six students were meant to represent the students who had high scores, middle scores and
low scorers from the questionnaire data results.
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C. Research Instruments
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